将StringIO用作Popen的stdin

时间:2013-12-13 13:48:50

标签: python subprocess

我有以下我想用Python编写的shell脚本(当然grep .实际上是一个更复杂的命令):

#!/bin/bash

(cat somefile 2>/dev/null || (echo 'somefile not found'; cat logfile)) \
| grep .

我尝试了这个(无论如何都缺少相当于cat logfile):

#!/usr/bin/env python

import StringIO
import subprocess

try:
    myfile = open('somefile')
except:
    myfile = StringIO.StringIO('somefile not found')

subprocess.call(['grep', '.'], stdin = myfile)

但我收到错误AttributeError: StringIO instance has no attribute 'fileno'

我知道我应该使用subprocess.communicate()代替StringIO将字符串发送到grep进程,但我不知道如何混合字符串和文件。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:9)

p = subprocess.Popen(['grep', '...'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, 
                                      stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
output, output_err = p.communicate(myfile.read())

答案 1 :(得分:4)

不要使用裸except,它可能会抓得太多。在Python 3中:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from subprocess import check_output

try:
    file = open('somefile', 'rb', 0)
except FileNotFoundError:
    output = check_output(cmd, input=b'somefile not found')
else:
    with file:
        output = check_output(cmd, stdin=file)

适用于大文件(文件在文件描述符级别重定向 - 无需将其加载到内存中)。

如果你有一个类似文件的对象(没有真正的.fileno());您可以使用.write()方法直接写入管道:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import io
from shutil import copyfileobj
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
from threading import Thread

try:
    file = open('somefile', 'rb', 0)
except FileNotFoundError:
    file = io.BytesIO(b'somefile not found')

def write_input(source, sink):
    with source, sink:
        copyfileobj(source, sink)

cmd = ['grep', 'o']
with Popen(cmd, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE) as process:
    Thread(target=write_input, args=(file, process.stdin), daemon=True).start()
    output = process.stdout.read()