我想用RaspberryPi操作WiFi加密狗（它就像没有内置WiFi的CPU）。我需要编写一个自动扫描WiFi网络的python脚本，并且需要使用已知的SSID和密码自动建立连接。
这意味着我需要从文件中提供WiFi网络的密码 剩下的就是自动扫描和连接。
我从网上读取了一个包含WiFi SSID名称和密码的文件。
我需要编写一个脚本，扫描并列出当前的网络字，并将其与文件中的SSID相匹配，并进一步自动创建与此已知网络的连接。
RaspberryPi操作系统：Rasbian
答案 0 :(得分：17)
wifi是一个python库，用于扫描和连接到linux上的wifi网络。您可以使用它来扫描和连接到无线网络。
它没有任何内置支持自动连接到网络，但您可以轻松编写脚本来执行此操作。以下是如何执行此操作的基本概念示例。
#!/usr/bin/python
from __future__ import print_function
from wifi import Cell, Scheme
# get all cells from the air
ssids = [cell.ssid for cell in Cell.all('wlan0')]
schemes = list(Scheme.all())
for scheme in schemes:
ssid = scheme.options.get('wpa-ssid', scheme.options.get('wireless-essid'))
if ssid in ssids:
print('Connecting to %s' % ssid)
scheme.activate()
break
我刚刚写了它，它似乎工作。就这么你知道，我写了wifi库。如果您希望我将此功能添加到该库，我可以。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
这是上面的rockmeza的一个补丁，因此该方案将使用/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf文件而不是/ etc / network / interfaces文件。我无法让他的Scheme类处理我的pi3s，因为似乎Schemes只是将每个网络的iface wlan0-SSIDname添加到/ etc / network / interfaces文件中，并且没有映射或任何东西可以告诉它ifup wlan0-SSIDname与＆＃39; wlan0＆＃39;。
相关联import re
from wifi import Cell, Scheme
import wifi.subprocess_compat as subprocess
from wifi.utils import ensure_file_exists
class SchemeWPA(Scheme):
interfaces = "/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf"
def __init__(self, interface, name, options=None):
self.interface = interface
self.name = name
self.options = options or {}
def __str__(self):
"""
Returns the representation of a scheme that you would need
in the /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf file.
"""
options = ''.join("\n {k}=\"{v}\"".format(k=k, v=v) for k, v in self.options.items())
return "network={" + options + '\n}\n'
def __repr__(self):
return 'Scheme(interface={interface!r}, name={name!r}, options={options!r}'.format(**vars(self))
def save(self):
"""
Writes the configuration to the :attr:`interfaces` file.
"""
if not self.find(self.interface, self.name):
with open(self.interfaces, 'a') as f:
f.write('\n')
f.write(str(self))
@classmethod
def all(cls):
"""
Returns an generator of saved schemes.
"""
ensure_file_exists(cls.interfaces)
with open(cls.interfaces, 'r') as f:
return extract_schemes(f.read(), scheme_class=cls)
def activate(self):
"""
Connects to the network as configured in this scheme.
"""
subprocess.check_output(['/sbin/ifdown', self.interface], stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
ifup_output = subprocess.check_output(['/sbin/ifup', self.interface] , stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
ifup_output = ifup_output.decode('utf-8')
return self.parse_ifup_output(ifup_output)
def delete(self):
"""
Deletes the configuration from the /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf file.
"""
content = ''
with open(self.interfaces, 'r') as f:
lines=f.read().splitlines()
while lines:
line=lines.pop(0)
if line.startswith('#') or not line:
content+=line+"\n"
continue
match = scheme_re.match(line)
if match:
options = {}
ssid=None
content2=line+"\n"
while lines and lines[0].startswith(' '):
line=lines.pop(0)
content2+=line+"\n"
key, value = re.sub(r'\s{2,}', ' ', line.strip()).split('=', 1)
#remove any surrounding quotes on value
if value.startswith('"') and value.endswith('"'):
value = value[1:-1]
#store key, value
options[key] = value
#check for ssid (scheme name)
if key=="ssid":
ssid=value
#get closing brace
line=lines.pop(0)
content2+=line+"\n"
#exit if the ssid was not found so just add to content
if not ssid:
content+=content2
continue
#if this isn't the ssid then just add to content
if ssid!=self.name:
content+=content2
else:
#no match so add content
content+=line+"\n"
continue
#Write the new content
with open(self.interfaces, 'w') as f:
f.write(content)
scheme_re = re.compile(r'network={\s?')
#override extract schemes
def extract_schemes(interfaces, scheme_class=SchemeWPA):
lines = interfaces.splitlines()
while lines:
line = lines.pop(0)
if line.startswith('#') or not line:
continue
match = scheme_re.match(line)
if match:
options = {}
interface="wlan0"
ssid=None
while lines and lines[0].startswith(' '):
key, value = re.sub(r'\s{2,}', ' ', lines.pop(0).strip()).split('=', 1)
#remove any surrounding quotes on value
if value.startswith('"') and value.endswith('"'):
value = value[1:-1]
#store key, value
options[key] = value
#check for ssid (scheme name)
if key=="ssid":
ssid=value
#exit if the ssid was not found
if ssid is None:
continue
#create a new class with this info
scheme = scheme_class(interface, ssid, options)
yield scheme
要创建方案，只需执行以下操作：
scheme=SchemeWPA('wlan0',cell.ssid,{"ssid":cell.ssid,"psk":"yourpassword"})
你的/ etc / network / interfaces文件应该是这样的，或类似的：
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
# Please note that this file is written to be used with dhcpcd
# For static IP, consult /etc/dhcpcd.conf and 'man dhcpcd.conf'
# Include files from /etc/network/interfaces.d:
source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.d
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
iface eth0 inet manual
allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet manual
wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
iface default inet dhcp
allow-hotplug wlan1
iface wlan1 inet manual
wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
答案 2 :(得分：0)
谢谢大家的回答，我提出了如下简单的解决方案
def wifiscan():
allSSID = Cell.all('wlan0')
print allSSID # prints all available WIFI SSIDs
myssid= 'Cell(ssid=vivekHome)' # vivekHome is my wifi name
for i in range(len(allSSID )):
if str(allSSID [i]) == myssid:
a = i
myssidA = allSSID [a]
print b
break
else:
print "getout"
# Creating Scheme with my SSID.
myssid= Scheme.for_cell('wlan0', 'home', myssidA, 'vivek1234') # vive1234 is the password to my wifi myssidA is the wifi name
print myssid
myssid.save()
myssid.activate()
wifiscan()