最重要的是,我正在寻找一种快速(呃)方法对矩阵进行多次子集化/索引:
for (i in 1:99000) {
subset.data <- data[index[, i], ]
}
背景:
我正在实现一个涉及R中引导程序的顺序测试程序。想要复制一些模拟结果,我发现了
这个瓶颈需要进行大量的索引。为了实现block-bootstrap,我创建了一个索引矩阵,我用它来子集
原始数据矩阵用于绘制数据的重采样。
# The basic setup
B <- 1000 # no. of bootstrap replications
n <- 250 # no. of observations
m <- 100 # no. of models/data series
# Create index matrix with B columns and n rows.
# Each column represents a resampling of the data.
# (actually block resamples, but doesn't matter here).
boot.index <- matrix(sample(1:n, n * B, replace=T), nrow=n, ncol=B)
# Make matrix with m data series of length n.
sample.data <- matrix(rnorm(n * m), nrow=n, ncol=m)
subsetMatrix <- function(data, index) { # fn definition for timing
subset.data <- data[index, ]
return(subset.data)
}
# check how long it takes.
Rprof("subsetMatrix.out")
for (i in 1:(m - 1)) {
for (b in 1:B) { # B * (m - 1) = 1000 * 99 = 99000
boot.data <- subsetMatrix(sample.data, boot.index[, b])
# do some other stuff
}
# do some more stuff
}
Rprof()
summaryRprof("subsetMatrix.out")
# > summaryRprof("subsetMatrix.out")
# $by.self
# self.time self.pct total.time total.pct
# subsetMatrix 9.96 100 9.96 100
# In the actual application:
#########
# > summaryRprof("seq_testing.out")
# $by.self
# self.time self.pct total.time total.pct
# subsetMatrix 6.78 53.98 6.78 53.98
# colMeans 1.98 15.76 2.20 17.52
# makeIndex 1.08 8.60 2.12 16.88
# makeStats 0.66 5.25 9.66 76.91
# runif 0.60 4.78 0.72 5.73
# apply 0.30 2.39 0.42 3.34
# is.data.frame 0.22 1.75 0.22 1.75
# ceiling 0.18 1.43 0.18 1.43
# aperm.default 0.14 1.11 0.14 1.11
# array 0.12 0.96 0.12 0.96
# estimateMCS 0.10 0.80 12.56 100.00
# as.vector 0.10 0.80 0.10 0.80
# matrix 0.08 0.64 0.08 0.64
# lapply 0.06 0.48 0.06 0.48
# / 0.04 0.32 0.04 0.32
# : 0.04 0.32 0.04 0.32
# rowSums 0.04 0.32 0.04 0.32
# - 0.02 0.16 0.02 0.16
# > 0.02 0.16 0.02 0.16
#
# $by.total
# total.time total.pct self.time self.pct
# estimateMCS 12.56 100.00 0.10 0.80
# makeStats 9.66 76.91 0.66 5.25
# subsetMatrix 6.78 53.98 6.78 53.98
# colMeans 2.20 17.52 1.98 15.76
# makeIndex 2.12 16.88 1.08 8.60
# runif 0.72 5.73 0.60 4.78
# doTest 0.68 5.41 0.00 0.00
# apply 0.42 3.34 0.30 2.39
# aperm 0.26 2.07 0.00 0.00
# is.data.frame 0.22 1.75 0.22 1.75
# sweep 0.20 1.59 0.00 0.00
# ceiling 0.18 1.43 0.18 1.43
# aperm.default 0.14 1.11 0.14 1.11
# array 0.12 0.96 0.12 0.96
# as.vector 0.10 0.80 0.10 0.80
# matrix 0.08 0.64 0.08 0.64
# lapply 0.06 0.48 0.06 0.48
# unlist 0.06 0.48 0.00 0.00
# / 0.04 0.32 0.04 0.32
# : 0.04 0.32 0.04 0.32
# rowSums 0.04 0.32 0.04 0.32
# - 0.02 0.16 0.02 0.16
# > 0.02 0.16 0.02 0.16
# mean 0.02 0.16 0.00 0.00
#
# $sample.interval
# [1] 0.02
#
# $sampling.time
# [1] 12.56'
执行顺序测试程序大约需要10秒钟。在2500次重复和几次重复的模拟中使用它 参数星座,需要40天的时间。使用并行处理和更好的CPU功率可以更快地完成,但是 还是不太讨人喜欢:/
即使R已经完成了每一步都非常快,但它还不够快 我确实很高兴能得到任何回应/帮助/建议!
相关问题:
- Fast matrix subsetting via '[': by rows, by columns or doesn't matter?
- fast function for generating bootstrap samples in matrix forms in R
- random sampling - matrix
从那里
mapply(function(row) return(sample.data[row,]), row = boot.index)
replicate(B, apply(sample.data, 2, sample, replace = TRUE))
并没有真正为我做这件事。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
我重写了makeStats
和makeIndex
,因为它们是两个最大的瓶颈:
makeStats <- function(data, index) {
data.mean <- colMeans(data)
m <- nrow(data)
n <- ncol(index)
tabs <- lapply(1L:n, function(j)tabulate(index[, j], nbins = m))
weights <- matrix(unlist(tabs), m, n) * (1 / nrow(index))
boot.data.mean <- t(data) %*% weights - data.mean
return(list(data.mean = data.mean,
boot.data.mean = boot.data.mean))
}
makeIndex <- function(B, blocks){
n <- ncol(blocks)
l <- nrow(blocks)
z <- ceiling(n/l)
start.points <- sample.int(n, z * B, replace = TRUE)
index <- blocks[, start.points]
keep <- c(rep(TRUE, n), rep(FALSE, z*l - n))
boot.index <- matrix(as.vector(index)[keep],
nrow = n, ncol = B)
return(boot.index)
}
这使我的机器上的计算时间从28秒减少到6秒。我打赌代码的其他部分可以改进(包括我在上面使用lapply / tabulate。)