以下是我要做的事情：基本上将XML发送到SQL Server，以便在我的代码中将我的数据更新/插入（合并）为“保存”功能。
如果我使用以下XML在XML中发送一个“item”，我已成功地做到了这一点：
<root>
<Formula1>
<M_iFormula1Id>0</M_iFormula1Id>
<M_bDataInUse>0</M_bDataInUse>
<M_bActive>1</M_bActive>
<M_lstItem>
<M_iItemId>0</M_iItemId>
<M_iItemTypeId>1</M_iItemTypeId>
<M_sItemValue>German</M_sItemValue>
<M_iRaceId>1</M_iRaceId>
<M_iDriverId>50</M_iDriverId>
</M_lstItem>
</Formula1>
</root>
在此存储过程中：
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[spFormula1_Save]
@Formula1Xml xml--Formula1 as xml
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
IF DATALENGTH(@Formula1Xml) = 0
RETURN 0
BEGIN TRANSACTION
BEGIN TRY
DECLARE @hDoc INT
EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @hDoc OUTPUT, @Formula1Xml
-------------------
--Formula1 Table
-------------------
DECLARE @Formula1Id bigint = 0;
MERGE INTO Formula1 AS tab
USING
OPENXML (@hDoc, '/root/Formula1', 2)
WITH (
M_iFormula1Id bigint,
M_bDataInUse bit,
M_bActive bit
) AS [xml]
ON (tab.Formula1Id = [xml].[M_iFormula1Id])
WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET tab.DataInUse = [xml].M_bDataInUse,
tab.Active = [xml].M_bActive,
@Formula1Id = [xml].M_iFormula1Id
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (DataInUse,
Active)
VALUES([xml].M_bDataInUse,
[xml].M_bActive
);
IF(@Formula1Id = 0)--then we haven''t updated so get inserted rowid
BEGIN
SET @Formula1Id = SCOPE_IDENTITY();--get the inserted identity
END
-------------------
--Formula1Item Table
-------------------
MERGE INTO Formula1Item AS tab
USING
OPENXML (@hDoc, '/root/Formula1/M_lstItem', 2)
WITH (
M_iItemId bigint,
M_iItemTypeId bit,
M_sItemValue varchar(1000),
M_iRaceId int,
M_iDriverId int
) AS [xml]
ON (tab.ItemId = [xml].M_iItemId)
WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET tab.ItemTypeId = [xml].M_iItemTypeId,
tab.ItemValue = [xml].M_sItemValue,
tab.RaceId = [xml].M_iRaceId,
tab.DriverId = [xml].M_iDriverId
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (Formula1Id,
ItemTypeId,
ItemValue,
RaceId,
DriverId)
VALUES(@Formula1Id,
[xml].M_iItemTypeId,
[xml].M_sItemValue,
[xml].M_iRaceId,
[xml].M_iDriverId
);
COMMIT TRANSACTION;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;
END CATCH;
END
当我在XML中有多个记录时，@Formula1Id被设置为第一个合并语句中插入的最后一个记录，因此XML中的所有Child数据都使用此id合并，这意味着所有子数据都属于一个父！
<root>
<Formula1>
<M_iFormula1Id>0</M_iFormula1Id>
<M_bDataInUse>0</M_bDataInUse>
<M_bActive>1</M_bActive>
<M_lstItem>
<M_iItemId>0</M_iItemId>
<M_iItemTypeId>1</M_iItemTypeId>
<M_sItemValue>German</M_sItemValue>
<M_iRaceId>1</M_iRaceId>
<M_iDriverId>50</M_iDriverId>
</M_lstItem>
</Formula1>
<Formula1>
<M_iFormula1Id>0</M_iFormula1Id>
<M_bDataInUse>0</M_bDataInUse>
<M_bActive>1</M_bActive>
<M_lstItem>
<M_iItemId>0</M_iItemId>
<M_iItemTypeId>1</M_iItemTypeId>
<M_sItemValue>French</M_sItemValue>
<M_iRaceId>2</M_iRaceId>
<M_iDriverId>50</M_iDriverId>
</M_lstItem>
</Formula1>
</root>
有没有办法执行此操作以保持外键关系正确。
也许Merge语句是错误的方法，但它似乎是一次处理大量插入/更新的最佳方式。
也许你可以建议一种替代方法 - 主要标准是性能，因为可能有数千个项目要“保存” - 我试图查看SqlBulkCopy，但这似乎也不能很好地处理外键关系。 ..我知道我可以一次保存到一个表但是如果“保存”的一部分出错，我就失去了ROLLBACK功能！
非常感谢任何帮助/建议。提前谢谢。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
尝试使用以下解决方案（未经过测试;我认为您可以拥有许多“Formula1”元素;您应该仔细阅读我的笔记）：
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[spFormula1_Save]
@Formula1Xml xml--Formula1 as xml
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT, XACT_ABORT ON;
IF DATALENGTH(@Formula1Xml) = 0
RETURN 0
------------------------
--Xml shredding
------------------------
-- I prefer using the new XML methods (nodes, value, exist) instead of sp_xml_preparedocument + OPENXML
-- because you may get memory leaks if we don't use sp_xml_removedocument
DECLARE @Formula1_Table TABLE
(
M_iFormula1Id bigint,
Rnk bigint primary key, -- It's used to unique identify the old and the new rows
M_bDataInUse bit,
M_bActive bit
);
INSERT @Formula1_Table (M_iFormula1Id, Rnk, M_bDataInUse, M_bActive)
SELECT x.XmlCol.value('(M_iFormula1Id)[1]', 'BIGINT') AS M_iFormula1Id,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY x.XmlCol) AS Rnk, -- It's used to unique identify the old and the new rows
x.XmlCol.value('(M_bDataInUse)[1]', 'BIT') AS M_bDataInUse,
x.XmlCol.value('(M_bActive)[1]', 'BIT') AS M_bActive
FROM @Formula1Xml.nodes('/root/Formula1') x(XmlCol);
DECLARE @Formula1_M_lstItem_Table TABLE
(
M_iFormula1Id bigint,
Rnk bigint, -- It's used to unique identify new "Formula1" rows (those rows having M_iFormula1Id=0)
M_iItemId bigint,
M_iItemTypeId bit,
M_sItemValue varchar(1000),
M_iRaceId int,
M_iDriverId int
);
INSERT @Formula1_M_lstItem_Table
(
M_iFormula1Id,
Rnk,
M_iItemId,
M_iItemTypeId,
M_sItemValue,
M_iRaceId,
M_iDriverId
)
SELECT /*x.XmlCol.value('(M_iFormula1Id)[1]', 'BIGINT')*/
-- At this moment we insert only nulls
NULL AS M_iFormula1Id,
DENSE_RANK() OVER(ORDER BY x.XmlCol) AS Rnk, -- It's used to unique identify new and old "Formula1" rows
y.XmlCol.value('(M_iItemId)[1]', 'BIGINT') AS M_iItemId,
y.XmlCol.value('(M_iItemTypeId)[1]', 'BIT') AS M_iItemTypeId,
y.XmlCol.value('(M_sItemValue)[1]', 'VARCHAR(1000)') AS M_sItemValue,
y.XmlCol.value('(M_iRaceId)[1]', 'INT') AS M_iRaceId,
y.XmlCol.value('(M_iDriverId)[1]', 'INT') AS M_iDriverId
FROM @Formula1Xml.nodes('/root/Formula1') x(XmlCol)
CROSS APPLY x.XmlCol.nodes('M_lstItem') y(XmlCol);
------------------------
--End of Xml shredding
------------------------
BEGIN TRANSACTION
BEGIN TRY
-------------------
--Formula1 Table
-------------------
DECLARE @Merged_Rows TABLE
(
Merge_Action nvarchar(10) not null,
Rnk bigint not null,
M_iFormula1Id bigint -- The old id's and the new inserted id's.
);
DECLARE @Formula1Id bigint = 0;
MERGE INTO Formula1 WITH(HOLDLOCK) AS tab -- To prevent race condition. http://weblogs.sqlteam.com/dang/archive/2009/01/31/UPSERT-Race-Condition-With-MERGE.aspx
USING @Formula1_Table AS [xml]
ON (tab.Formula1Id = [xml].[M_iFormula1Id])
WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET tab.DataInUse = [xml].M_bDataInUse,
tab.Active = [xml].M_bActive
-- We no more need this line because of OUTPUT clause
-- @Formula1Id = [xml].M_iFormula1Id
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (DataInUse,
Active)
VALUES([xml].M_bDataInUse,
[xml].M_bActive
)
-- This OUTPUT clause will insert into @Merged_Rows the Rnk and the new M_iFormula1Id for every /root/Formula1 element
-- http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms177564.aspx
OUTPUT $action, [xml].Rnk, inserted.M_iFormula1Id INTO @Merged_Rows (Merge_Action, Rnk, M_iFormula1Id);
-- This is replaced by previous OUTPUT clause
/*
IF(@Formula1Id = 0)--then we haven''t updated so get inserted rowid
BEGIN
SET @Formula1Id = SCOPE_IDENTITY();--get the inserted identity
END
*/
-- At this moment we replace all previously inserted NULLs with the real (old and new) id's
UPDATE x
SET M_iFormula1Id = y.M_iFormula1Id
FROM @Formula1_M_lstItem_Table x
JOIN @Merged_Rows y ON x.Rnk = y.Rnk;
-------------------
--Formula1Item Table
-------------------
MERGE INTO Formula1Item AS tab
USING @Formula1_M_lstItem_Table AS [xml]
ON (tab.ItemId = [xml].M_iItemId)
-- Maybe you should need also this join predicate (tab.M_iFormula1Id = [xml].M_iFormula1Id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET tab.ItemTypeId = [xml].M_iItemTypeId,
tab.ItemValue = [xml].M_sItemValue,
tab.RaceId = [xml].M_iRaceId,
tab.DriverId = [xml].M_iDriverId
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (Formula1Id,
ItemTypeId,
ItemValue,
RaceId,
DriverId)
VALUES([xml].M_iFormula1Id,
[xml].M_iItemTypeId,
[xml].M_sItemValue,
[xml].M_iRaceId,
[xml].M_iDriverId
);
COMMIT TRANSACTION;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;
-- The caller should be informed when an error / exception is catched
-- THROW
END CATCH;
END