Question

我正在尝试构建一个包含我的类和依赖项的Single Runnable jar，在我设法创建文件之后，我陷入困境。当我执行我的jar时：

java -jar Amp60-distribution.jar

我收到以下错误消息：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/log4j/Logger
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2521)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:2764)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1653)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.getMainMethod(LauncherHelper.java:494)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(LauncherHelper.java:486)

Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Logger
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
... 6 more

我验证了我的MANIFEST.MF并且它不包含类路径：

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Built-By: jtormin
Build-Jdk: 1.7.0_45
Created-By: Apache Maven 3.0.4
Main-Class: gui/MainFrame
Archiver-Version: Plexus Archiver

我的pom.xml：

    <build>
        <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>resources</directory>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.4</version>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>
                        <compress>true</compress>
                        <manifest>
                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                            <mainClass>gui/MainFrame</mainClass>
                            <classpathLayoutType>custom</classpathLayoutType>
                            <customClasspathLayout>
                                $${artifact.groupId}.$${artifact.artifactId}.$${artifact.extension}
                            </customClasspathLayout>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.4</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.4</version>
                <configuration>
                    <finalName>Amp60</finalName>
                    <outputDirectory>target</outputDirectory>
                    <descriptor>assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>
                    <archive>
                    <manifest>
                        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                        <mainClass>gui/MainFrame</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>single</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.opencsv</groupId>
            <artifactId>opencsv</artifactId>
            <version>2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
            <type>jar</type>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
            <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
            <version>2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-math3</artifactId>
            <version>3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jfree</groupId>
            <artifactId>jfreechart</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.15</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jakarta-regexp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta-regexp</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <organization>
        <name>ISP</name>
    </organization>
</project>

assembly.xml：

<assembly
    xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/2.4">
    <id>distribution</id>
    <formats>
        <format>jar</format>
    </formats>
    <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
    <fileSets>
        <fileSet>
            <directory>target/classes/</directory>
            <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>**</include>
            </includes>
        </fileSet>
        <fileSet>
            <directory>resources</directory>
            <outputDirectory>resources</outputDirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>**</include>
            </includes>
        </fileSet>
    </fileSets>
    <dependencySets>
        <dependencySet>
            <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
            <useProjectArtifact>false</useProjectArtifact>
            <useTransitiveDependencies>true</useTransitiveDependencies>
        </dependencySet>
    </dependencySets>
</assembly>

Answer 1

我认为有更多优雅和简单的方法来实现您的目标 - 构建一个包含所有依赖项的JAR。至少名为assembly.xml的额外文件让我感到困惑。尝试删除assembly.xml和maven-jar-plugin并使用此功能：

<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
  <configuration>
    <archive>
      <manifest>
        <mainClass>gui.MainFrame</mainClass>
      </manifest>
    </archive>
    <descriptorRefs>
      <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
    </descriptorRefs>
  </configuration>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <id>make-assembly</id> <!-- this is used for inheritance merges -->
      <phase>package</phase> <!-- bind to the packaging phase -->
      <goals>
        <goal>single</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

但事实上，我不喜欢maven-assembly-plugin因为它从所有JAR中提取文件并将所有文件打包到一个jar。因此，碰撞可能存在问题 - 例如log4j.xml可以从解压缩的2个相关JAR中呈现两次。因此，我建议one-jar-plugin与dependency-plugin一起使用（删除maven-jar-plugin和maven-assembly-plugin与assembly.xml）：

    <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.1</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>copy-dependencies</id>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>

                        <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib/</outputDirectory>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.dstovall</groupId>
            <artifactId>onejar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.4</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <configuration>
                        <mainClass>gui.MainFrame</mainClass>
                        <attachToBuild>true</attachToBuild>
                    </configuration>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>one-jar</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>

您还需要明确指定one-jar-plugin的存储库：

<pluginRepositories>
    <pluginRepository>
        <id>onejar-maven-plugin.googlecode.com</id>
        <url>http://onejar-maven-plugin.googlecode.com/svn/mavenrepo</url>
    </pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>

Maven构建清单不包含类路径。

1 个答案: