Similar to this question here我正在尝试监控一组网站链接是否正常运行或没有响应。我在Internet上找到了相同的PowerShell脚本。
但是，我需要检查更具体的链接，而不是直接的网站链接，例如：
http://mypage.global/Chemical/
http://maypage2:9080/portal/site/hotpot/
当我尝试检查这些链接的状态时，我得到以下输出：
URL StatusCode StatusDescription ResponseLength TimeTaken
http://mypage.global/Chemical/ 0
http://maypage2:9080/portal/site/hotpot/ 0
以上链接要求我连接到VPN，但我可以从浏览器访问这些链接。
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20259251/powershell-script-to-check-the-status-of-a-url的输出：
PS C:\Users\682126> Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20259251/powershell-script-to-check-the-status-of-a-url
The term 'Invoke-WebRequest' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again.
At line:1 char:18
+ Invoke-WebRequest <<<< -Uri https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20259251/powershell-script-to-check-the-status-of-a-url > tmp.txt
+ CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (Invoke-WebRequest:String) [], CommandNotFoundException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException
$PSVersionTable
Name Value
---- -----
CLRVersion 2.0.50727.5472
BuildVersion 6.1.7601.17514
PSVersion 2.0
WSManStackVersion 2.0
PSCompatibleVersions {1.0, 2.0}
SerializationVersion 1.1.0.1
PSRemotingProtocolVersion 2.1
答案 0 :(得分：52)
我最近设置了一个执行此操作的脚本。
正如David Brabant指出的那样，您可以使用System.Net.WebRequest类来执行HTTP请求。
要检查它是否可操作，您应该使用以下示例代码：
# First we create the request.
$HTTP_Request = [System.Net.WebRequest]::Create('http://google.com')
# We then get a response from the site.
$HTTP_Response = $HTTP_Request.GetResponse()
# We then get the HTTP code as an integer.
$HTTP_Status = [int]$HTTP_Response.StatusCode
If ($HTTP_Status -eq 200) {
Write-Host "Site is OK!"
}
Else {
Write-Host "The Site may be down, please check!"
}
# Finally, we clean up the http request by closing it.
$HTTP_Response.Close()
答案 1 :(得分：18)
对于拥有PowerShell 3或更高版本的用户（例如Windows Server 2012+或带有the Windows Management Framework 4.0 update的Windows Server 2008 R2），您可以执行此操作而不是调用System.Net.WebRequest：
$statusCode = wget http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20259251/ | % {$_.StatusCode}
答案 2 :(得分：13)
你可以试试这个：
function Get-UrlStatusCode([string] $Url)
{
try
{
(Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $Url -UseBasicParsing -DisableKeepAlive).StatusCode
}
catch [Net.WebException]
{
[int]$_.Exception.Response.StatusCode
}
}
$statusCode = Get-UrlStatusCode 'httpstat.us/500'
答案 3 :(得分：7)
$request = [System.Net.WebRequest]::Create('http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20259251/powershell-script-to-check-the-status-of-a-url')
$response = $request.GetResponse()
$response.StatusCode
$response.Close()
答案 4 :(得分：3)
您必须将Windows PowerShell更新到最低版本4.0，以下脚本才能正常工作。
[array]$SiteLinks = "http://mypage.global/Chemical/test.html"
"http://maypage2:9080/portal/site/hotpot/test.json"
foreach($url in $SiteLinks) {
try {
Write-host "Verifying $url" -ForegroundColor Yellow
$checkConnection = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $url
if ($checkConnection.StatusCode -eq 200) {
Write-Host "Connection Verified!" -ForegroundColor Green
}
}
catch [System.Net.WebException] {
$exceptionMessage = $Error[0].Exception
if ($exceptionMessage -match "503") {
Write-Host "Server Unavaiable" -ForegroundColor Red
}
elseif ($exceptionMessage -match "404") {
Write-Host "Page Not found" -ForegroundColor Red
}
}
}
答案 5 :(得分：1)
下面是我用于基本Web URL测试的PowerShell代码。它具有接受无效证书并获得有关证书检查结果的详细信息的功能。
$CertificateValidatorClass = @'
using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Net;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
namespace CertificateValidation
{
public class CertificateValidationResult
{
public string Subject { get; internal set; }
public string Thumbprint { get; internal set; }
public DateTime Expiration { get; internal set; }
public DateTime ValidationTime { get; internal set; }
public bool IsValid { get; internal set; }
public bool Accepted { get; internal set; }
public string Message { get; internal set; }
public CertificateValidationResult()
{
ValidationTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
}
}
public static class CertificateValidator
{
private static ConcurrentStack<CertificateValidationResult> certificateValidationResults = new ConcurrentStack<CertificateValidationResult>();
public static CertificateValidationResult[] CertificateValidationResults
{
get
{
return certificateValidationResults.ToArray();
}
}
public static CertificateValidationResult LastCertificateValidationResult
{
get
{
CertificateValidationResult lastCertificateValidationResult = null;
certificateValidationResults.TryPeek(out lastCertificateValidationResult);
return lastCertificateValidationResult;
}
}
public static bool ServicePointManager_ServerCertificateValidationCallback(object sender, System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate certificate, System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Chain chain, System.Net.Security.SslPolicyErrors sslPolicyErrors)
{
StringBuilder certificateValidationMessage = new StringBuilder();
bool allowCertificate = true;
if (sslPolicyErrors != System.Net.Security.SslPolicyErrors.None)
{
if ((sslPolicyErrors & System.Net.Security.SslPolicyErrors.RemoteCertificateNameMismatch) == System.Net.Security.SslPolicyErrors.RemoteCertificateNameMismatch)
{
certificateValidationMessage.AppendFormat("The remote certificate name does not match.\r\n", certificate.Subject);
}
if ((sslPolicyErrors & System.Net.Security.SslPolicyErrors.RemoteCertificateChainErrors) == System.Net.Security.SslPolicyErrors.RemoteCertificateChainErrors)
{
certificateValidationMessage.AppendLine("The certificate chain has the following errors:");
foreach (System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509ChainStatus chainStatus in chain.ChainStatus)
{
certificateValidationMessage.AppendFormat("\t{0}", chainStatus.StatusInformation);
if (chainStatus.Status == System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509ChainStatusFlags.Revoked)
{
allowCertificate = false;
}
}
}
if ((sslPolicyErrors & System.Net.Security.SslPolicyErrors.RemoteCertificateNotAvailable) == System.Net.Security.SslPolicyErrors.RemoteCertificateNotAvailable)
{
certificateValidationMessage.AppendLine("The remote certificate was not available.");
allowCertificate = false;
}
System.Console.WriteLine();
}
else
{
certificateValidationMessage.AppendLine("The remote certificate is valid.");
}
CertificateValidationResult certificateValidationResult = new CertificateValidationResult
{
Subject = certificate.Subject,
Thumbprint = certificate.GetCertHashString(),
Expiration = DateTime.Parse(certificate.GetExpirationDateString()),
IsValid = (sslPolicyErrors == System.Net.Security.SslPolicyErrors.None),
Accepted = allowCertificate,
Message = certificateValidationMessage.ToString()
};
certificateValidationResults.Push(certificateValidationResult);
return allowCertificate;
}
public static void SetDebugCertificateValidation()
{
ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = ServicePointManager_ServerCertificateValidationCallback;
}
public static void SetDefaultCertificateValidation()
{
ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = null;
}
public static void ClearCertificateValidationResults()
{
certificateValidationResults.Clear();
}
}
}
'@
function Set-CertificateValidationMode
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Sets the certificate validation mode.
.DESCRIPTION
Set the certificate validation mode to one of three modes with the following behaviors:
Default -- Performs the .NET default validation of certificates. Certificates are not checked for revocation and will be rejected if invalid.
CheckRevocationList -- Cerftificate Revocation Lists are checked and certificate will be rejected if revoked or invalid.
Debug -- Certificate Revocation Lists are checked and revocation will result in rejection. Invalid certificates will be accepted. Certificate validation
information is logged and can be retrieved from the certificate handler.
.EXAMPLE
Set-CertificateValidationMode Debug
.PARAMETER Mode
The mode for certificate validation.
#>
[CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $false)]
param
(
[Parameter()]
[ValidateSet('Default', 'CheckRevocationList', 'Debug')]
[string] $Mode
)
begin
{
$isValidatorClassLoaded = (([System.AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() | ?{ $_.GlobalAssemblyCache -eq $false }) | ?{ $_.DefinedTypes.FullName -contains 'CertificateValidation.CertificateValidator' }) -ne $null
if ($isValidatorClassLoaded -eq $false)
{
Add-Type -TypeDefinition $CertificateValidatorClass
}
}
process
{
switch ($Mode)
{
'Debug'
{
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::CheckCertificateRevocationList = $true
[CertificateValidation.CertificateValidator]::SetDebugCertificateValidation()
}
'CheckRevocationList'
{
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::CheckCertificateRevocationList = $true
[CertificateValidation.CertificateValidator]::SetDefaultCertificateValidation()
}
'Default'
{
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::CheckCertificateRevocationList = $false
[CertificateValidation.CertificateValidator]::SetDefaultCertificateValidation()
}
}
}
}
function Clear-CertificateValidationResults
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Clears the collection of certificate validation results.
.DESCRIPTION
Clears the collection of certificate validation results.
.EXAMPLE
Get-CertificateValidationResults
#>
[CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $false)]
param()
begin
{
$isValidatorClassLoaded = (([System.AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() | ?{ $_.GlobalAssemblyCache -eq $false }) | ?{ $_.DefinedTypes.FullName -contains 'CertificateValidation.CertificateValidator' }) -ne $null
if ($isValidatorClassLoaded -eq $false)
{
Add-Type -TypeDefinition $CertificateValidatorClass
}
}
process
{
[CertificateValidation.CertificateValidator]::ClearCertificateValidationResults()
Sleep -Milliseconds 20
}
}
function Get-CertificateValidationResults
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Gets the certificate validation results for all operations performed in the PowerShell session since the Debug cerificate validation mode was enabled.
.DESCRIPTION
Gets the certificate validation results for all operations performed in the PowerShell session since the Debug certificate validation mode was enabled in reverse chronological order.
.EXAMPLE
Get-CertificateValidationResults
#>
[CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $false)]
param()
begin
{
$isValidatorClassLoaded = (([System.AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() | ?{ $_.GlobalAssemblyCache -eq $false }) | ?{ $_.DefinedTypes.FullName -contains 'CertificateValidation.CertificateValidator' }) -ne $null
if ($isValidatorClassLoaded -eq $false)
{
Add-Type -TypeDefinition $CertificateValidatorClass
}
}
process
{
return [CertificateValidation.CertificateValidator]::CertificateValidationResults
}
}
function Test-WebUrl
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Tests and reports information about the provided web URL.
.DESCRIPTION
Tests a web URL and reports the time taken to get and process the request and response, the HTTP status, and the error message if an error occurred.
.EXAMPLE
Test-WebUrl 'http://websitetotest.com/'
.EXAMPLE
'https://websitetotest.com/' | Test-WebUrl
.PARAMETER HostName
The Hostname to add to the back connection hostnames list.
.PARAMETER UseDefaultCredentials
If present the default Windows credential will be used to attempt to authenticate to the URL; otherwise, no credentials will be presented.
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
param
(
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
[Uri] $Url,
[Parameter()]
[Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WebRequestMethod] $Method = 'Get',
[Parameter()]
[switch] $UseDefaultCredentials
)
process
{
[bool] $succeeded = $false
[string] $statusCode = $null
[string] $statusDescription = $null
[string] $message = $null
[int] $bytesReceived = 0
[Timespan] $timeTaken = [Timespan]::Zero
$timeTaken = Measure-Command `
{
try
{
[Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.HtmlWebResponseObject] $response = Invoke-WebRequest -UseDefaultCredentials:$UseDefaultCredentials -Method $Method -Uri $Url
$succeeded = $true
$statusCode = $response.StatusCode.ToString('D')
$statusDescription = $response.StatusDescription
$bytesReceived = $response.RawContent.Length
Write-Verbose "$($Url.ToString()): $($statusCode) $($statusDescription) $($message)"
}
catch [System.Net.WebException]
{
$message = $Error[0].Exception.Message
[System.Net.HttpWebResponse] $exceptionResponse = $Error[0].Exception.GetBaseException().Response
if ($exceptionResponse -ne $null)
{
$statusCode = $exceptionResponse.StatusCode.ToString('D')
$statusDescription = $exceptionResponse.StatusDescription
$bytesReceived = $exceptionResponse.ContentLength
if ($statusCode -in '401', '403', '404')
{
$succeeded = $true
}
}
else
{
Write-Warning "$($Url.ToString()): $($message)"
}
}
}
return [PSCustomObject] @{ Url = $Url; Succeeded = $succeeded; BytesReceived = $bytesReceived; TimeTaken = $timeTaken.TotalMilliseconds; StatusCode = $statusCode; StatusDescription = $statusDescription; Message = $message; }
}
}
Set-CertificateValidationMode Debug
Clear-CertificateValidationResults
Write-Host 'Testing web sites:'
'https://expired.badssl.com/', 'https://wrong.host.badssl.com/', 'https://self-signed.badssl.com/', 'https://untrusted-root.badssl.com/', 'https://revoked.badssl.com/', 'https://pinning-test.badssl.com/', 'https://sha1-intermediate.badssl.com/' | Test-WebUrl | ft -AutoSize
Write-Host 'Certificate validation results (most recent first):'
Get-CertificateValidationResults | ft -AutoSize
答案 6 :(得分：1)
对于 powershell (7) 核心，这是有效的：
curl -I gourav.io
输出：
HTTP/1.1 308 Permanent Redirect
Date: Tue, 13 Apr 2021 20:29:43 GMT
Content-Type: text/plain
Connection: keep-alive
Location: https://gourav.io/
Refresh: 0;url=https://gourav.io/
server: Vercel
x-vercel-id: bom1::zfh9m-1618345783130-62d01e38e332
或
Invoke-WebRequest https://gourav.io
输出：
StatusCode : 200
StatusDescription : OK
Content : <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><script async=""
src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-JF3BSQ1LL2"></script><script>
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
…
RawContent : HTTP/1.1 200 OK
...
...