为什么python模拟补丁不起作用?

时间:2013-11-27 12:43:47

标签: python unit-testing mocking nose

我有两个文件

spike.py

class T1(object):
    def foo(self, afd):
        return "foo"

    def get_foo(self):
        return self.foo(1)


def bar():
    return "bar"

test_spike.py:

from unittest import TestCase
import unittest
from mock import patch, MagicMock
from spike import T1, bar


class TestStuff(TestCase):
    @patch('spike.T1.foo', MagicMock(return_value='patched'))
    def test_foo(self):
        foo = T1().get_foo()
        self.assertEqual('patched', foo)

    @patch('spike.bar')
    def test_bar(self, mock_obj):
        mock_obj.return_value = 'patched'
        bar = bar()
        self.assertEqual('patched', bar)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

当我运行python test_spike.py时,第一个测试用例会通过,但第二个测试用例会失败。 然后我切换到使用nosetests test_spike.py,然后两个都失败了。

我不明白这是怎么发生的?这些案件应该通过所有案件。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:14)

使用bar访问spike.bar。导入的bar不受mock.patch的影响。

from unittest import TestCase
import unittest
from mock import patch, MagicMock
from spike import T1
import spike # <----


class TestShit(TestCase):
    @patch('spike.T1.foo', MagicMock(return_value='patched'))
    def test_foo(self):
        foo = T1().get_foo()
        self.assertEqual('patched', foo)

    @patch('spike.bar')
    def test_bar(self, mock_obj):
        mock_obj.return_value = 'patched'
        bar = spike.bar() # <-----
        self.assertEqual('patched', bar)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

答案 1 :(得分:11)

对于 test_foo ,您没有正确使用补丁。你应该像这样使用它:

class TestFoo(TestCase):
@patch.object(T1, 'foo', MagicMock(return_value='patched'))
def test_foo(self):
    foo = T1().get_foo()
    self.assertEqual('patched', foo)

给了我:

nosetests test_spike.py 
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s

OK

现在第二个例子不起作用,因为你导入了bar函数(得到它的引用),然后尝试模拟它。当你嘲笑某些东西时,你无法改变变量所持有的东西(参考原始函数)。要解决此问题,您应该使用@falsetru建议的方法,如:

from unittest import TestCase
import unittest
from mock import patch
import spike


class TestFoo(TestCase):
    @patch('spike.bar')
    def test_bar(self, mock_obj):
        mock_obj.return_value = 'patched'
        value = spike.bar()
        self.assertEqual('patched', value)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

这给了我:

python test_spike.py
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s

OK

但是当我试着用鼻子跑它时,我得到了:

 nosetests test_spike.py
F
======================================================================
FAIL: test_bar (src.test_spike.TestFoo)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/zilva/envs/test/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mock/mock.py", line 1305, in patched
    return func(*args, **keywargs)
  File "/home/zilva/git/test/src/test_spike.py", line 11, in test_bar
    self.assertEqual('patched', value)
AssertionError: 'patched' != 'bar'

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s

FAILED (failures=1)

这种情况发生的原因是我在正确的位置打补丁。我的目录结构是:

test/
└── src/
    ├── spike.py
    ├── test_spike.py
    └── __init__.py

我从src目录运行测试,所以我应该使用项目根目录中的路径进行修补,如:

@patch('src.spike.bar')

这会给我:

nosetests test_spike.py
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s

OK

或者如果我在测试目录中:

nosetests src/test_spike.py
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s

OK