如何在C＃中加密和解密字符串？
答案 0 :(得分：402)
编辑2013年10月：虽然我已经编辑了这个答案，以解决缺点，但请参阅jbtule's answer以获得更强大，更明智的解决方案。
https://stackoverflow.com/a/10366194/188474
原始答案：
以下是源自"RijndaelManaged Class" documentation和MCTS Training Kit的工作示例。
2012年4月编辑：编辑此答案是为了预先安排IV每个jbtule的建议，如下图所示：
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.security.cryptography.aesmanaged%28v=vs.95%29.aspx
祝你好运！public class Crypto
{
//While an app specific salt is not the best practice for
//password based encryption, it's probably safe enough as long as
//it is truly uncommon. Also too much work to alter this answer otherwise.
private static byte[] _salt = __To_Do__("Add a app specific salt here");
/// <summary>
/// Encrypt the given string using AES. The string can be decrypted using
/// DecryptStringAES(). The sharedSecret parameters must match.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="plainText">The text to encrypt.</param>
/// <param name="sharedSecret">A password used to generate a key for encryption.</param>
public static string EncryptStringAES(string plainText, string sharedSecret)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(plainText))
throw new ArgumentNullException("plainText");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sharedSecret))
throw new ArgumentNullException("sharedSecret");
string outStr = null; // Encrypted string to return
RijndaelManaged aesAlg = null; // RijndaelManaged object used to encrypt the data.
try
{
// generate the key from the shared secret and the salt
Rfc2898DeriveBytes key = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(sharedSecret, _salt);
// Create a RijndaelManaged object
aesAlg = new RijndaelManaged();
aesAlg.Key = key.GetBytes(aesAlg.KeySize / 8);
// Create a decryptor to perform the stream transform.
ICryptoTransform encryptor = aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);
// Create the streams used for encryption.
using (MemoryStream msEncrypt = new MemoryStream())
{
// prepend the IV
msEncrypt.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(aesAlg.IV.Length), 0, sizeof(int));
msEncrypt.Write(aesAlg.IV, 0, aesAlg.IV.Length);
using (CryptoStream csEncrypt = new CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
using (StreamWriter swEncrypt = new StreamWriter(csEncrypt))
{
//Write all data to the stream.
swEncrypt.Write(plainText);
}
}
outStr = Convert.ToBase64String(msEncrypt.ToArray());
}
}
finally
{
// Clear the RijndaelManaged object.
if (aesAlg != null)
aesAlg.Clear();
}
// Return the encrypted bytes from the memory stream.
return outStr;
}
/// <summary>
/// Decrypt the given string. Assumes the string was encrypted using
/// EncryptStringAES(), using an identical sharedSecret.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cipherText">The text to decrypt.</param>
/// <param name="sharedSecret">A password used to generate a key for decryption.</param>
public static string DecryptStringAES(string cipherText, string sharedSecret)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(cipherText))
throw new ArgumentNullException("cipherText");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sharedSecret))
throw new ArgumentNullException("sharedSecret");
// Declare the RijndaelManaged object
// used to decrypt the data.
RijndaelManaged aesAlg = null;
// Declare the string used to hold
// the decrypted text.
string plaintext = null;
try
{
// generate the key from the shared secret and the salt
Rfc2898DeriveBytes key = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(sharedSecret, _salt);
// Create the streams used for decryption.
byte[] bytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
using (MemoryStream msDecrypt = new MemoryStream(bytes))
{
// Create a RijndaelManaged object
// with the specified key and IV.
aesAlg = new RijndaelManaged();
aesAlg.Key = key.GetBytes(aesAlg.KeySize / 8);
// Get the initialization vector from the encrypted stream
aesAlg.IV = ReadByteArray(msDecrypt);
// Create a decrytor to perform the stream transform.
ICryptoTransform decryptor = aesAlg.CreateDecryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);
using (CryptoStream csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(msDecrypt, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
{
using (StreamReader srDecrypt = new StreamReader(csDecrypt))
// Read the decrypted bytes from the decrypting stream
// and place them in a string.
plaintext = srDecrypt.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
finally
{
// Clear the RijndaelManaged object.
if (aesAlg != null)
aesAlg.Clear();
}
return plaintext;
}
private static byte[] ReadByteArray(Stream s)
{
byte[] rawLength = new byte[sizeof(int)];
if (s.Read(rawLength, 0, rawLength.Length) != rawLength.Length)
{
throw new SystemException("Stream did not contain properly formatted byte array");
}
byte[] buffer = new byte[BitConverter.ToInt32(rawLength, 0)];
if (s.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length) != buffer.Length)
{
throw new SystemException("Did not read byte array properly");
}
return buffer;
}
}
答案 1 :(得分：339)
对称经过身份验证的字符串加密的现代示例。
对称加密的一般最佳实践是使用带有关联数据的身份验证加密（AEAD），但这不是标准.net加密库的一部分。因此，第一个示例使用AES256，然后使用HMAC256两步Encrypt then MAC，这需要更多开销和更多密钥。
第二个例子使用AES256的简单实践 - GCM使用开源Bouncy Castle（通过nuget）。
这两个示例都有一个主要功能，它接受秘密消息字符串，密钥和可选的非秘密有效负载，并返回和验证加密字符串，可选地预先附加非秘密数据。理想情况下，您可以使用随机生成的256位密钥来查看NewKey()。
这两个示例都有一个帮助方法，它们使用字符串密码来生成密钥。提供这些辅助方法是为了方便与其他示例匹配，但它们远不那么安全因为密码的强度远远低于256位密钥
<强>更新
添加了byte[]重载，由于StackOverflow应答限制，只有Gist具有4个空格缩进的完整格式和api文档。
.NET内置加密（AES）-Then-MAC（HMAC）[Gist]
/*
* This work (Modern Encryption of a String C#, by James Tuley),
* identified by James Tuley, is free of known copyright restrictions.
* https://gist.github.com/4336842
* http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
*/
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
namespace Encryption
{
public static class AESThenHMAC
{
private static readonly RandomNumberGenerator Random = RandomNumberGenerator.Create();
//Preconfigured Encryption Parameters
public static readonly int BlockBitSize = 128;
public static readonly int KeyBitSize = 256;
//Preconfigured Password Key Derivation Parameters
public static readonly int SaltBitSize = 64;
public static readonly int Iterations = 10000;
public static readonly int MinPasswordLength = 12;
/// <summary>
/// Helper that generates a random key on each call.
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static byte[] NewKey()
{
var key = new byte[KeyBitSize / 8];
Random.GetBytes(key);
return key;
}
/// <summary>
/// Simple Encryption (AES) then Authentication (HMAC) for a UTF8 Message.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="secretMessage">The secret message.</param>
/// <param name="cryptKey">The crypt key.</param>
/// <param name="authKey">The auth key.</param>
/// <param name="nonSecretPayload">(Optional) Non-Secret Payload.</param>
/// <returns>
/// Encrypted Message
/// </returns>
/// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">Secret Message Required!;secretMessage</exception>
/// <remarks>
/// Adds overhead of (Optional-Payload + BlockSize(16) + Message-Padded-To-Blocksize + HMac-Tag(32)) * 1.33 Base64
/// </remarks>
public static string SimpleEncrypt(string secretMessage, byte[] cryptKey, byte[] authKey,
byte[] nonSecretPayload = null)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(secretMessage))
throw new ArgumentException("Secret Message Required!", "secretMessage");
var plainText = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(secretMessage);
var cipherText = SimpleEncrypt(plainText, cryptKey, authKey, nonSecretPayload);
return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherText);
}
/// <summary>
/// Simple Authentication (HMAC) then Decryption (AES) for a secrets UTF8 Message.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="encryptedMessage">The encrypted message.</param>
/// <param name="cryptKey">The crypt key.</param>
/// <param name="authKey">The auth key.</param>
/// <param name="nonSecretPayloadLength">Length of the non secret payload.</param>
/// <returns>
/// Decrypted Message
/// </returns>
/// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">Encrypted Message Required!;encryptedMessage</exception>
public static string SimpleDecrypt(string encryptedMessage, byte[] cryptKey, byte[] authKey,
int nonSecretPayloadLength = 0)
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(encryptedMessage))
throw new ArgumentException("Encrypted Message Required!", "encryptedMessage");
var cipherText = Convert.FromBase64String(encryptedMessage);
var plainText = SimpleDecrypt(cipherText, cryptKey, authKey, nonSecretPayloadLength);
return plainText == null ? null : Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plainText);
}
/// <summary>
/// Simple Encryption (AES) then Authentication (HMAC) of a UTF8 message
/// using Keys derived from a Password (PBKDF2).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="secretMessage">The secret message.</param>
/// <param name="password">The password.</param>
/// <param name="nonSecretPayload">The non secret payload.</param>
/// <returns>
/// Encrypted Message
/// </returns>
/// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">password</exception>
/// <remarks>
/// Significantly less secure than using random binary keys.
/// Adds additional non secret payload for key generation parameters.
/// </remarks>
public static string SimpleEncryptWithPassword(string secretMessage, string password,
byte[] nonSecretPayload = null)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(secretMessage))
throw new ArgumentException("Secret Message Required!", "secretMessage");
var plainText = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(secretMessage);
var cipherText = SimpleEncryptWithPassword(plainText, password, nonSecretPayload);
return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherText);
}
/// <summary>
/// Simple Authentication (HMAC) and then Descryption (AES) of a UTF8 Message
/// using keys derived from a password (PBKDF2).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="encryptedMessage">The encrypted message.</param>
/// <param name="password">The password.</param>
/// <param name="nonSecretPayloadLength">Length of the non secret payload.</param>
/// <returns>
/// Decrypted Message
/// </returns>
/// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">Encrypted Message Required!;encryptedMessage</exception>
/// <remarks>
/// Significantly less secure than using random binary keys.
/// </remarks>
public static string SimpleDecryptWithPassword(string encryptedMessage, string password,
int nonSecretPayloadLength = 0)
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(encryptedMessage))
throw new ArgumentException("Encrypted Message Required!", "encryptedMessage");
var cipherText = Convert.FromBase64String(encryptedMessage);
var plainText = SimpleDecryptWithPassword(cipherText, password, nonSecretPayloadLength);
return plainText == null ? null : Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plainText);
}
public static byte[] SimpleEncrypt(byte[] secretMessage, byte[] cryptKey, byte[] authKey, byte[] nonSecretPayload = null)
{
//User Error Checks
if (cryptKey == null || cryptKey.Length != KeyBitSize / 8)
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("Key needs to be {0} bit!", KeyBitSize), "cryptKey");
if (authKey == null || authKey.Length != KeyBitSize / 8)
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("Key needs to be {0} bit!", KeyBitSize), "authKey");
if (secretMessage == null || secretMessage.Length < 1)
throw new ArgumentException("Secret Message Required!", "secretMessage");
//non-secret payload optional
nonSecretPayload = nonSecretPayload ?? new byte[] { };
byte[] cipherText;
byte[] iv;
using (var aes = new AesManaged
{
KeySize = KeyBitSize,
BlockSize = BlockBitSize,
Mode = CipherMode.CBC,
Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7
})
{
//Use random IV
aes.GenerateIV();
iv = aes.IV;
using (var encrypter = aes.CreateEncryptor(cryptKey, iv))
using (var cipherStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (var cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(cipherStream, encrypter, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
using (var binaryWriter = new BinaryWriter(cryptoStream))
{
//Encrypt Data
binaryWriter.Write(secretMessage);
}
cipherText = cipherStream.ToArray();
}
}
//Assemble encrypted message and add authentication
using (var hmac = new HMACSHA256(authKey))
using (var encryptedStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (var binaryWriter = new BinaryWriter(encryptedStream))
{
//Prepend non-secret payload if any
binaryWriter.Write(nonSecretPayload);
//Prepend IV
binaryWriter.Write(iv);
//Write Ciphertext
binaryWriter.Write(cipherText);
binaryWriter.Flush();
//Authenticate all data
var tag = hmac.ComputeHash(encryptedStream.ToArray());
//Postpend tag
binaryWriter.Write(tag);
}
return encryptedStream.ToArray();
}
}
public static byte[] SimpleDecrypt(byte[] encryptedMessage, byte[] cryptKey, byte[] authKey, int nonSecretPayloadLength = 0)
{
//Basic Usage Error Checks
if (cryptKey == null || cryptKey.Length != KeyBitSize / 8)
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("CryptKey needs to be {0} bit!", KeyBitSize), "cryptKey");
if (authKey == null || authKey.Length != KeyBitSize / 8)
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("AuthKey needs to be {0} bit!", KeyBitSize), "authKey");
if (encryptedMessage == null || encryptedMessage.Length == 0)
throw new ArgumentException("Encrypted Message Required!", "encryptedMessage");
using (var hmac = new HMACSHA256(authKey))
{
var sentTag = new byte[hmac.HashSize / 8];
//Calculate Tag
var calcTag = hmac.ComputeHash(encryptedMessage, 0, encryptedMessage.Length - sentTag.Length);
var ivLength = (BlockBitSize / 8);
//if message length is to small just return null
if (encryptedMessage.Length < sentTag.Length + nonSecretPayloadLength + ivLength)
return null;
//Grab Sent Tag
Array.Copy(encryptedMessage, encryptedMessage.Length - sentTag.Length, sentTag, 0, sentTag.Length);
//Compare Tag with constant time comparison
var compare = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < sentTag.Length; i++)
compare |= sentTag[i] ^ calcTag[i];
//if message doesn't authenticate return null
if (compare != 0)
return null;
using (var aes = new AesManaged
{
KeySize = KeyBitSize,
BlockSize = BlockBitSize,
Mode = CipherMode.CBC,
Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7
})
{
//Grab IV from message
var iv = new byte[ivLength];
Array.Copy(encryptedMessage, nonSecretPayloadLength, iv, 0, iv.Length);
using (var decrypter = aes.CreateDecryptor(cryptKey, iv))
using (var plainTextStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (var decrypterStream = new CryptoStream(plainTextStream, decrypter, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
using (var binaryWriter = new BinaryWriter(decrypterStream))
{
//Decrypt Cipher Text from Message
binaryWriter.Write(
encryptedMessage,
nonSecretPayloadLength + iv.Length,
encryptedMessage.Length - nonSecretPayloadLength - iv.Length - sentTag.Length
);
}
//Return Plain Text
return plainTextStream.ToArray();
}
}
}
}
public static byte[] SimpleEncryptWithPassword(byte[] secretMessage, string password, byte[] nonSecretPayload = null)
{
nonSecretPayload = nonSecretPayload ?? new byte[] {};
//User Error Checks
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(password) || password.Length < MinPasswordLength)
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("Must have a password of at least {0} characters!", MinPasswordLength), "password");
if (secretMessage == null || secretMessage.Length ==0)
throw new ArgumentException("Secret Message Required!", "secretMessage");
var payload = new byte[((SaltBitSize / 8) * 2) + nonSecretPayload.Length];
Array.Copy(nonSecretPayload, payload, nonSecretPayload.Length);
int payloadIndex = nonSecretPayload.Length;
byte[] cryptKey;
byte[] authKey;
//Use Random Salt to prevent pre-generated weak password attacks.
using (var generator = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(password, SaltBitSize / 8, Iterations))
{
var salt = generator.Salt;
//Generate Keys
cryptKey = generator.GetBytes(KeyBitSize / 8);
//Create Non Secret Payload
Array.Copy(salt, 0, payload, payloadIndex, salt.Length);
payloadIndex += salt.Length;
}
//Deriving separate key, might be less efficient than using HKDF,
//but now compatible with RNEncryptor which had a very similar wireformat and requires less code than HKDF.
using (var generator = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(password, SaltBitSize / 8, Iterations))
{
var salt = generator.Salt;
//Generate Keys
authKey = generator.GetBytes(KeyBitSize / 8);
//Create Rest of Non Secret Payload
Array.Copy(salt, 0, payload, payloadIndex, salt.Length);
}
return SimpleEncrypt(secretMessage, cryptKey, authKey, payload);
}
public static byte[] SimpleDecryptWithPassword(byte[] encryptedMessage, string password, int nonSecretPayloadLength = 0)
{
//User Error Checks
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(password) || password.Length < MinPasswordLength)
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("Must have a password of at least {0} characters!", MinPasswordLength), "password");
if (encryptedMessage == null || encryptedMessage.Length == 0)
throw new ArgumentException("Encrypted Message Required!", "encryptedMessage");
var cryptSalt = new byte[SaltBitSize / 8];
var authSalt = new byte[SaltBitSize / 8];
//Grab Salt from Non-Secret Payload
Array.Copy(encryptedMessage, nonSecretPayloadLength, cryptSalt, 0, cryptSalt.Length);
Array.Copy(encryptedMessage, nonSecretPayloadLength + cryptSalt.Length, authSalt, 0, authSalt.Length);
byte[] cryptKey;
byte[] authKey;
//Generate crypt key
using (var generator = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(password, cryptSalt, Iterations))
{
cryptKey = generator.GetBytes(KeyBitSize / 8);
}
//Generate auth key
using (var generator = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(password, authSalt, Iterations))
{
authKey = generator.GetBytes(KeyBitSize / 8);
}
return SimpleDecrypt(encryptedMessage, cryptKey, authKey, cryptSalt.Length + authSalt.Length + nonSecretPayloadLength);
}
}
}
Bouncy Castle AES-GCM [Gist]
/*
* This work (Modern Encryption of a String C#, by James Tuley),
* identified by James Tuley, is free of known copyright restrictions.
* https://gist.github.com/4336842
* http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
*/
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Engines;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Generators;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Modes;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Parameters;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Security;
namespace Encryption
{
public static class AESGCM
{
private static readonly SecureRandom Random = new SecureRandom();
//Preconfigured Encryption Parameters
public static readonly int NonceBitSize = 128;
public static readonly int MacBitSize = 128;
public static readonly int KeyBitSize = 256;
//Preconfigured Password Key Derivation Parameters
public static readonly int SaltBitSize = 128;
public static readonly int Iterations = 10000;
public static readonly int MinPasswordLength = 12;
/// <summary>
/// Helper that generates a random new key on each call.
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static byte[] NewKey()
{
var key = new byte[KeyBitSize / 8];
Random.NextBytes(key);
return key;
}
/// <summary>
/// Simple Encryption And Authentication (AES-GCM) of a UTF8 string.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="secretMessage">The secret message.</param>
/// <param name="key">The key.</param>
/// <param name="nonSecretPayload">Optional non-secret payload.</param>
/// <returns>
/// Encrypted Message
/// </returns>
/// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">Secret Message Required!;secretMessage</exception>
/// <remarks>
/// Adds overhead of (Optional-Payload + BlockSize(16) + Message + HMac-Tag(16)) * 1.33 Base64
/// </remarks>
public static string SimpleEncrypt(string secretMessage, byte[] key, byte[] nonSecretPayload = null)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(secretMessage))
throw new ArgumentException("Secret Message Required!", "secretMessage");
var plainText = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(secretMessage);
var cipherText = SimpleEncrypt(plainText, key, nonSecretPayload);
return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherText);
}
/// <summary>
/// Simple Decryption & Authentication (AES-GCM) of a UTF8 Message
/// </summary>
/// <param name="encryptedMessage">The encrypted message.</param>
/// <param name="key">The key.</param>
/// <param name="nonSecretPayloadLength">Length of the optional non-secret payload.</param>
/// <returns>Decrypted Message</returns>
public static string SimpleDecrypt(string encryptedMessage, byte[] key, int nonSecretPayloadLength = 0)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(encryptedMessage))
throw new ArgumentException("Encrypted Message Required!", "encryptedMessage");
var cipherText = Convert.FromBase64String(encryptedMessage);
var plainText = SimpleDecrypt(cipherText, key, nonSecretPayloadLength);
return plainText == null ? null : Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plainText);
}
/// <summary>
/// Simple Encryption And Authentication (AES-GCM) of a UTF8 String
/// using key derived from a password (PBKDF2).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="secretMessage">The secret message.</param>
/// <param name="password">The password.</param>
/// <param name="nonSecretPayload">The non secret payload.</param>
/// <returns>
/// Encrypted Message
/// </returns>
/// <remarks>
/// Significantly less secure than using random binary keys.
/// Adds additional non secret payload for key generation parameters.
/// </remarks>
public static string SimpleEncryptWithPassword(string secretMessage, string password,
byte[] nonSecretPayload = null)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(secretMessage))
throw new ArgumentException("Secret Message Required!", "secretMessage");
var plainText = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(secretMessage);
var cipherText = SimpleEncryptWithPassword(plainText, password, nonSecretPayload);
return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherText);
}
/// <summary>
/// Simple Decryption and Authentication (AES-GCM) of a UTF8 message
/// using a key derived from a password (PBKDF2)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="encryptedMessage">The encrypted message.</param>
/// <param name="password">The password.</param>
/// <param name="nonSecretPayloadLength">Length of the non secret payload.</param>
/// <returns>
/// Decrypted Message
/// </returns>
/// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">Encrypted Message Required!;encryptedMessage</exception>
/// <remarks>
/// Significantly less secure than using random binary keys.
/// </remarks>
public static string SimpleDecryptWithPassword(string encryptedMessage, string password,
int nonSecretPayloadLength = 0)
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(encryptedMessage))
throw new ArgumentException("Encrypted Message Required!", "encryptedMessage");
var cipherText = Convert.FromBase64String(encryptedMessage);
var plainText = SimpleDecryptWithPassword(cipherText, password, nonSecretPayloadLength);
return plainText == null ? null : Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plainText);
}
public static byte[] SimpleEncrypt(byte[] secretMessage, byte[] key, byte[] nonSecretPayload = null)
{
//User Error Checks
if (key == null || key.Length != KeyBitSize / 8)
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("Key needs to be {0} bit!", KeyBitSize), "key");
if (secretMessage == null || secretMessage.Length == 0)
throw new ArgumentException("Secret Message Required!", "secretMessage");
//Non-secret Payload Optional
nonSecretPayload = nonSecretPayload ?? new byte[] { };
//Using random nonce large enough not to repeat
var nonce = new byte[NonceBitSize / 8];
Random.NextBytes(nonce, 0, nonce.Length);
var cipher = new GcmBlockCipher(new AesFastEngine());
var parameters = new AeadParameters(new KeyParameter(key), MacBitSize, nonce, nonSecretPayload);
cipher.Init(true, parameters);
//Generate Cipher Text With Auth Tag
var cipherText = new byte[cipher.GetOutputSize(secretMessage.Length)];
var len = cipher.ProcessBytes(secretMessage, 0, secretMessage.Length, cipherText, 0);
cipher.DoFinal(cipherText, len);
//Assemble Message
using (var combinedStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (var binaryWriter = new BinaryWriter(combinedStream))
{
//Prepend Authenticated Payload
binaryWriter.Write(nonSecretPayload);
//Prepend Nonce
binaryWriter.Write(nonce);
//Write Cipher Text
binaryWriter.Write(cipherText);
}
return combinedStream.ToArray();
}
}
public static byte[] SimpleDecrypt(byte[] encryptedMessage, byte[] key, int nonSecretPayloadLength = 0)
{
//User Error Checks
if (key == null || key.Length != KeyBitSize / 8)
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("Key needs to be {0} bit!", KeyBitSize), "key");
if (encryptedMessage == null || encryptedMessage.Length == 0)
throw new ArgumentException("Encrypted Message Required!", "encryptedMessage");
using (var cipherStream = new MemoryStream(encryptedMessage))
using (var cipherReader = new BinaryReader(cipherStream))
{
//Grab Payload
var nonSecretPayload = cipherReader.ReadBytes(nonSecretPayloadLength);
//Grab Nonce
var nonce = cipherReader.ReadBytes(NonceBitSize / 8);
var cipher = new GcmBlockCipher(new AesFastEngine());
var parameters = new AeadParameters(new KeyParameter(key), MacBitSize, nonce, nonSecretPayload);
cipher.Init(false, parameters);
//Decrypt Cipher Text
var cipherText = cipherReader.ReadBytes(encryptedMessage.Length - nonSecretPayloadLength - nonce.Length);
var plainText = new byte[cipher.GetOutputSize(cipherText.Length)];
try
{
var len = cipher.ProcessBytes(cipherText, 0, cipherText.Length, plainText, 0);
cipher.DoFinal(plainText, len);
}
catch (InvalidCipherTextException)
{
//Return null if it doesn't authenticate
return null;
}
return plainText;
}
}
public static byte[] SimpleEncryptWithPassword(byte[] secretMessage, string password, byte[] nonSecretPayload = null)
{
nonSecretPayload = nonSecretPayload ?? new byte[] {};
//User Error Checks
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(password) || password.Length < MinPasswordLength)
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("Must have a password of at least {0} characters!", MinPasswordLength), "password");
if (secretMessage == null || secretMessage.Length == 0)
throw new ArgumentException("Secret Message Required!", "secretMessage");
var generator = new Pkcs5S2ParametersGenerator();
//Use Random Salt to minimize pre-generated weak password attacks.
var salt = new byte[SaltBitSize / 8];
Random.NextBytes(salt);
generator.Init(
PbeParametersGenerator.Pkcs5PasswordToBytes(password.ToCharArray()),
salt,
Iterations);
//Generate Key
var key = (KeyParameter)generator.GenerateDerivedMacParameters(KeyBitSize);
//Create Full Non Secret Payload
var payload = new byte[salt.Length + nonSecretPayload.Length];
Array.Copy(nonSecretPayload, payload, nonSecretPayload.Length);
Array.Copy(salt,0, payload,nonSecretPayload.Length, salt.Length);
return SimpleEncrypt(secretMessage, key.GetKey(), payload);
}
public static byte[] SimpleDecryptWithPassword(byte[] encryptedMessage, string password, int nonSecretPayloadLength = 0)
{
//User Error Checks
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(password) || password.Length < MinPasswordLength)
throw new ArgumentException(String.Format("Must have a password of at least {0} characters!", MinPasswordLength), "password");
if (encryptedMessage == null || encryptedMessage.Length == 0)
throw new ArgumentException("Encrypted Message Required!", "encryptedMessage");
var generator = new Pkcs5S2ParametersGenerator();
//Grab Salt from Payload
var salt = new byte[SaltBitSize / 8];
Array.Copy(encryptedMessage, nonSecretPayloadLength, salt, 0, salt.Length);
generator.Init(
PbeParametersGenerator.Pkcs5PasswordToBytes(password.ToCharArray()),
salt,
Iterations);
//Generate Key
var key = (KeyParameter)generator.GenerateDerivedMacParameters(KeyBitSize);
return SimpleDecrypt(encryptedMessage, key.GetKey(), salt.Length + nonSecretPayloadLength);
}
}
}
答案 2 :(得分：103)
以下是使用RSA的示例。
重要提示：您可以使用RSA加密KeySize - MinimumPadding加密数据的大小。 e.g。 256字节（假设2048位密钥） - 42字节（最小OEAP填充）= 214字节（最大明文大小）
用您的RSA密钥替换your_rsa_key。
var provider = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider();
provider.ImportParameters(your_rsa_key);
var encryptedBytes = provider.Encrypt(
System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Hello World!"), true);
string decryptedTest = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(
provider.Decrypt(encryptedBytes, true));
有关详细信息，请访问MSDN - RSACryptoServiceProvider
答案 3 :(得分：52)
如果您使用的是ASP.Net，现在可以使用.Net 4.0以上的内置功能。</ p>
System.Web.Security.MachineKey
.Net 4.5有MachineKey.Protect()和MachineKey.Unprotect()。
.Net 4.0有MachineKey.Encode()和MachineKey.Decode()。您应该将MachineKeyProtection设置为“All”。
在ASP.Net之外，这个类似乎会在每次重启应用程序时生成一个新密钥，因此不起作用。快速浏览ILSpy，我觉得如果缺少相应的app.settings，它会生成自己的默认值。所以你实际上可以在ASP.Net之外进行设置。
我无法在System.Web命名空间之外找到nonASP.Net等效文件。
答案 4 :(得分：46)
BouncyCastle是一个很棒的.NET加密库，它可以作为Nuget包用于安装到您的项目中。我喜欢它比System.Security.Cryptography库中当前可用的更多。它为可用算法提供了更多选项，并为这些算法提供了更多模式。
这是TwoFish的实现示例，由Bruce Schneier（英雄给我们所有偏执狂的人）写成。它是像Rijndael这样的对称算法 （又名AES）。它是AES标准的三个入围者之一，也是Bruce Schneier编写的另一个名为BlowFish的着名算法的兄弟。
bouncycastle的第一件事就是创建一个加密器类，这样可以更容易地在库中实现其他分组密码。以下加密器类接受泛型参数T，其中T实现IBlockCipher并具有默认构造函数。
更新：由于受欢迎的需求，我决定实施生成随机IV以及在此课程中包含HMAC。虽然从风格的角度来看，这与单一责任的SOLID原则背道而驰，因为这个类的特性是我所设想的。该类现在将采用两个通用参数，一个用于密码，另一个用于摘要。它使用RNGCryptoServiceProvider自动生成IV以提供良好的RNG熵，并允许您使用BouncyCastle所需的任何摘要算法来生成MAC。
using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Macs;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Modes;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Paddings;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Parameters;
public sealed class Encryptor<TBlockCipher, TDigest>
where TBlockCipher : IBlockCipher, new()
where TDigest : IDigest, new()
{
private Encoding encoding;
private IBlockCipher blockCipher;
private BufferedBlockCipher cipher;
private HMac mac;
private byte[] key;
public Encryptor(Encoding encoding, byte[] key, byte[] macKey)
{
this.encoding = encoding;
this.key = key;
this.Init(key, macKey, new Pkcs7Padding());
}
public Encryptor(Encoding encoding, byte[] key, byte[] macKey, IBlockCipherPadding padding)
{
this.encoding = encoding;
this.key = key;
this.Init(key, macKey, padding);
}
private void Init(byte[] key, byte[] macKey, IBlockCipherPadding padding)
{
this.blockCipher = new CbcBlockCipher(new TBlockCipher());
this.cipher = new PaddedBufferedBlockCipher(this.blockCipher, padding);
this.mac = new HMac(new TDigest());
this.mac.Init(new KeyParameter(macKey));
}
public string Encrypt(string plain)
{
return Convert.ToBase64String(EncryptBytes(plain));
}
public byte[] EncryptBytes(string plain)
{
byte[] input = this.encoding.GetBytes(plain);
var iv = this.GenerateIV();
var cipher = this.BouncyCastleCrypto(true, input, new ParametersWithIV(new KeyParameter(key), iv));
byte[] message = CombineArrays(iv, cipher);
this.mac.Reset();
this.mac.BlockUpdate(message, 0, message.Length);
byte[] digest = new byte[this.mac.GetUnderlyingDigest().GetDigestSize()];
this.mac.DoFinal(digest, 0);
var result = CombineArrays(digest, message);
return result;
}
public byte[] DecryptBytes(byte[] bytes)
{
// split the digest into component parts
var digest = new byte[this.mac.GetUnderlyingDigest().GetDigestSize()];
var message = new byte[bytes.Length - digest.Length];
var iv = new byte[this.blockCipher.GetBlockSize()];
var cipher = new byte[message.Length - iv.Length];
Buffer.BlockCopy(bytes, 0, digest, 0, digest.Length);
Buffer.BlockCopy(bytes, digest.Length, message, 0, message.Length);
if (!IsValidHMac(digest, message))
{
throw new CryptoException();
}
Buffer.BlockCopy(message, 0, iv, 0, iv.Length);
Buffer.BlockCopy(message, iv.Length, cipher, 0, cipher.Length);
byte[] result = this.BouncyCastleCrypto(false, cipher, new ParametersWithIV(new KeyParameter(key), iv));
return result;
}
public string Decrypt(byte[] bytes)
{
return this.encoding.GetString(DecryptBytes(bytes));
}
public string Decrypt(string cipher)
{
return this.Decrypt(Convert.FromBase64String(cipher));
}
private bool IsValidHMac(byte[] digest, byte[] message)
{
this.mac.Reset();
this.mac.BlockUpdate(message, 0, message.Length);
byte[] computed = new byte[this.mac.GetUnderlyingDigest().GetDigestSize()];
this.mac.DoFinal(computed, 0);
return AreEqual(digest,computed);
}
private static bool AreEqual(byte [] digest, byte[] computed)
{
if(digest.Length != computed.Length)
{
return false;
}
int result = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < digest.Length; i++)
{
// compute equality of all bytes before returning.
// helps prevent timing attacks:
// https://codahale.com/a-lesson-in-timing-attacks/
result |= digest[i] ^ computed[i];
}
return result == 0;
}
private byte[] BouncyCastleCrypto(bool forEncrypt, byte[] input, ICipherParameters parameters)
{
try
{
cipher.Init(forEncrypt, parameters);
return this.cipher.DoFinal(input);
}
catch (CryptoException)
{
throw;
}
}
private byte[] GenerateIV()
{
using (var provider = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider())
{
// 1st block
byte[] result = new byte[this.blockCipher.GetBlockSize()];
provider.GetBytes(result);
return result;
}
}
private static byte[] CombineArrays(byte[] source1, byte[] source2)
{
byte[] result = new byte[source1.Length + source2.Length];
Buffer.BlockCopy(source1, 0, result, 0, source1.Length);
Buffer.BlockCopy(source2, 0, result, source1.Length, source2.Length);
return result;
}
}
接下来只需在新类上调用加密和解密方法，这是使用twofish的示例：
var encrypt = new Encryptor<TwofishEngine, Sha1Digest>(Encoding.UTF8, key, hmacKey);
string cipher = encrypt.Encrypt("TEST");
string plainText = encrypt.Decrypt(cipher);
替换像TripleDES这样的其他分组密码同样容易：
var des = new Encryptor<DesEdeEngine, Sha1Digest>(Encoding.UTF8, key, hmacKey);
string cipher = des.Encrypt("TEST");
string plainText = des.Decrypt(cipher);
最后，如果您想将AES与SHA256 HMAC一起使用，您可以执行以下操作：
var aes = new Encryptor<AesEngine, Sha256Digest>(Encoding.UTF8, key, hmacKey);
cipher = aes.Encrypt("TEST");
plainText = aes.Decrypt(cipher);
关于加密最困难的部分实际上是处理密钥而不是算法。您必须考虑存储密钥的位置，如果必须，还要考虑如何交换密钥。这些算法都经受住了时间的考验，并且极难打破。想要从你那里窃取信息的人不会花时间对你的信息进行密码分析，他们会试图找出你的密钥是什么或在哪里。所以＃1明智地选择你的密钥，＃2将它们存放在一个安全的地方，如果你使用web.config和IIS那么你可以encrypt parts of the the web.config，最后如果你必须交换密钥，请确保你的交换协议关键是安全的。
更新2 改变了比较方法以减轻时间攻击。在此处查看更多信息http://codahale.com/a-lesson-in-timing-attacks/。还更新为默认为PKCS7填充并添加了新的构造函数，以允许最终用户选择他们想要使用的填充。感谢@CodesInChaos的建议。
答案 5 :(得分：16)
免责声明：此解决方案仅应用于未向公众公开的静态数据（例如 - 配置文件或数据库）。只有在这种情况下，由于维护成本较低，因此可以认为快速和肮脏的解决方案比@ jbtule的解决方案更好。
原帖： 我发现jbtule的答案有点复杂，因为快速和脏的安全AES字符串加密，Brett的答案有一个错误，初始化向量是固定值，使其容易受到填充攻击，所以我修改了Brett的代码，并添加了一个随机的IV，它被添加到chipered字符串中，为每个相同值的加密创建一个不同的加密值：
加密：
public static string Encrypt(string clearText)
{
byte[] clearBytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(clearText);
using (Aes encryptor = Aes.Create())
{
byte[] IV = new byte[15];
rand.NextBytes(IV);
Rfc2898DeriveBytes pdb = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(EncryptionKey, IV);
encryptor.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
encryptor.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
using (CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encryptor.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cs.Write(clearBytes, 0, clearBytes.Length);
cs.Close();
}
clearText = Convert.ToBase64String(IV) + Convert.ToBase64String(ms.ToArray());
}
}
return clearText;
}
解密：
public static string Decrypt(string cipherText)
{
byte[] IV = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText.Substring(0, 20));
cipherText = cipherText.Substring(20).Replace(" ", "+");
byte[] cipherBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
using (Aes encryptor = Aes.Create())
{
Rfc2898DeriveBytes pdb = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(EncryptionKey, IV);
encryptor.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
encryptor.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
using (CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encryptor.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cs.Write(cipherBytes, 0, cipherBytes.Length);
cs.Close();
}
cipherText = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(ms.ToArray());
}
}
return cipherText;
}
用密钥替换EncryptionKey。 在我的实现中，密钥保存在配置文件（web.config \ app.config）中，因为您不应该将其保存为硬编码。配置文件应为also encrypted，因此密钥不会保存为明文。
protected static string _Key = "";
protected static string EncryptionKey
{
get
{
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(_Key))
{
_Key = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AESKey"].ToString();
}
return _Key;
}
}
答案 6 :(得分：10)
加密
public string EncryptString(string inputString)
{
MemoryStream memStream = null;
try
{
byte[] key = { };
byte[] IV = { 12, 21, 43, 17, 57, 35, 67, 27 };
string encryptKey = "aXb2uy4z"; // MUST be 8 characters
key = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encryptKey);
byte[] byteInput = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(inputString);
DESCryptoServiceProvider provider = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
memStream = new MemoryStream();
ICryptoTransform transform = provider.CreateEncryptor(key, IV);
CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memStream, transform, CryptoStreamMode.Write);
cryptoStream.Write(byteInput, 0, byteInput.Length);
cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Response.Write(ex.Message);
}
return Convert.ToBase64String(memStream.ToArray());
}
解密：
public string DecryptString(string inputString)
{
MemoryStream memStream = null;
try
{
byte[] key = { };
byte[] IV = { 12, 21, 43, 17, 57, 35, 67, 27 };
string encryptKey = "aXb2uy4z"; // MUST be 8 characters
key = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encryptKey);
byte[] byteInput = new byte[inputString.Length];
byteInput = Convert.FromBase64String(inputString);
DESCryptoServiceProvider provider = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
memStream = new MemoryStream();
ICryptoTransform transform = provider.CreateDecryptor(key, IV);
CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memStream, transform, CryptoStreamMode.Write);
cryptoStream.Write(byteInput, 0, byteInput.Length);
cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Response.Write(ex.Message);
}
Encoding encoding1 = Encoding.UTF8;
return encoding1.GetString(memStream.ToArray());
}
答案 7 :(得分：6)
在Encrypt and Decrypt a String in c#的引用下，我发现了一个很好的解决方案：
static readonly string PasswordHash = "P@@Sw0rd";
static readonly string SaltKey = "S@LT&KEY";
static readonly string VIKey = "@1B2c3D4e5F6g7H8";
用于加密
public static string Encrypt(string plainText)
{
byte[] plainTextBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText);
byte[] keyBytes = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(PasswordHash, Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(SaltKey)).GetBytes(256 / 8);
var symmetricKey = new RijndaelManaged() { Mode = CipherMode.CBC, Padding = PaddingMode.Zeros };
var encryptor = symmetricKey.CreateEncryptor(keyBytes, Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(VIKey));
byte[] cipherTextBytes;
using (var memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (var cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cryptoStream.Write(plainTextBytes, 0, plainTextBytes.Length);
cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock();
cipherTextBytes = memoryStream.ToArray();
cryptoStream.Close();
}
memoryStream.Close();
}
return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherTextBytes);
}
对于Decrypt
public static string Decrypt(string encryptedText)
{
byte[] cipherTextBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(encryptedText);
byte[] keyBytes = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(PasswordHash, Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(SaltKey)).GetBytes(256 / 8);
var symmetricKey = new RijndaelManaged() { Mode = CipherMode.CBC, Padding = PaddingMode.None };
var decryptor = symmetricKey.CreateDecryptor(keyBytes, Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(VIKey));
var memoryStream = new MemoryStream(cipherTextBytes);
var cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read);
byte[] plainTextBytes = new byte[cipherTextBytes.Length];
int decryptedByteCount = cryptoStream.Read(plainTextBytes, 0, plainTextBytes.Length);
memoryStream.Close();
cryptoStream.Close();
return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plainTextBytes, 0, decryptedByteCount).TrimEnd("\0".ToCharArray());
}
答案 8 :(得分：4)
支持mattmanser answer。以下是使用MachineKey类加密/解密URL安全值的示例。
要记住的事情，如前所述，这将使用机器配置设置（https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff649308.aspx）。您可以在web.config文件中手动设置加密和解密密钥/算法（如果您的站点在多个服务器上运行，则可能需要这样做）。您可以从IIS生成密钥（请参阅此处：https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/vijaysk/2009/05/13/iis-7-tip-10-you-can-generate-machine-keys-from-the-iis-manager/），也可以使用在线计算机密钥生成器，如：http://www.developerfusion.com/tools/generatemachinekey/
private static readonly UTF8Encoding Encoder = new UTF8Encoding();
public static string Encrypt(string unencrypted)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(unencrypted))
return string.Empty;
try
{
var encryptedBytes = MachineKey.Protect(Encoder.GetBytes(unencrypted));
if (encryptedBytes != null && encryptedBytes.Length > 0)
return HttpServerUtility.UrlTokenEncode(encryptedBytes);
}
catch (Exception)
{
return string.Empty;
}
return string.Empty;
}
public static string Decrypt(string encrypted)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(encrypted))
return string.Empty;
try
{
var bytes = HttpServerUtility.UrlTokenDecode(encrypted);
if (bytes != null && bytes.Length > 0)
{
var decryptedBytes = MachineKey.Unprotect(bytes);
if(decryptedBytes != null && decryptedBytes.Length > 0)
return Encoder.GetString(decryptedBytes);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
return string.Empty;
}
return string.Empty;
}
答案 9 :(得分：3)
这是一个简单的例子，使用带有随机IV和HMAC以及密码派生密钥的AES CBC模式加密C＃中的字符串，以显示基本的移动部分：
private byte[] EncryptBytes(byte[] key, byte[] plaintext)
{
using (var cipher = new RijndaelManaged { Key = key })
{
using (var encryptor = cipher.CreateEncryptor())
{
var ciphertext = encryptor.TransformFinalBlock(plaintext, 0, plaintext.Length);
// IV is prepended to ciphertext
return cipher.IV.Concat(ciphertext).ToArray();
}
}
}
private byte[] DecryptBytes(byte[] key, byte[] packed)
{
using (var cipher = new RijndaelManaged { Key = key })
{
int ivSize = cipher.BlockSize / 8;
cipher.IV = packed.Take(ivSize).ToArray();
using (var encryptor = cipher.CreateDecryptor())
{
return encryptor.TransformFinalBlock(packed, ivSize, packed.Length - ivSize);
}
}
}
private byte[] AddMac(byte[] key, byte[] data)
{
using (var hmac = new HMACSHA256(key))
{
var macBytes = hmac.ComputeHash(data);
// HMAC is appended to data
return data.Concat(macBytes).ToArray();
}
}
private bool BadMac(byte[] found, byte[] computed)
{
int mismatch = 0;
// Aim for consistent timing regardless of inputs
for (int i = 0; i < found.Length; i++)
{
mismatch += found[i] == computed[i] ? 0 : 1;
}
return mismatch != 0;
}
private byte[] RemoveMac(byte[] key, byte[] data)
{
using (var hmac = new HMACSHA256(key))
{
int macSize = hmac.HashSize / 8;
var packed = data.Take(data.Length - macSize).ToArray();
var foundMac = data.Skip(packed.Length).ToArray();
var computedMac = hmac.ComputeHash(packed);
if (this.BadMac(foundMac, computedMac))
{
throw new Exception("Bad MAC");
}
return packed;
}
}
private List<byte[]> DeriveTwoKeys(string password)
{
var salt = new byte[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
var kdf = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(password, salt, 10000);
var bytes = kdf.GetBytes(32); // Two keys 128 bits each
return new List<byte[]> { bytes.Take(16).ToArray(), bytes.Skip(16).ToArray() };
}
public byte[] EncryptString(string password, String message)
{
var keys = this.DeriveTwoKeys(password);
var plaintext = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);
var packed = this.EncryptBytes(keys[0], plaintext);
return this.AddMac(keys[1], packed);
}
public String DecryptString(string password, byte[] secret)
{
var keys = this.DeriveTwoKeys(password);
var packed = this.RemoveMac(keys[1], secret);
var plaintext = this.DecryptBytes(keys[0], packed);
return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plaintext);
}
public void Example()
{
var password = "correcthorsebatterystaple";
var secret = this.EncryptString(password, "Hello World");
Console.WriteLine("secret: " + BitConverter.ToString(secret));
var recovered = this.DecryptString(password, secret);
Console.WriteLine(recovered);
}
答案 10 :(得分：3)
如果您在这里寻找PGP加密，在以下关于如何通过BouncyCastle使用PGP加密的示例的评论中，PGPEncryptDecrypt类似乎基本上开箱即用：
http://blogs.microsoft.co.il/kim/2009/01/23/pgp-zip-encrypted-files-with-c/#comment-611002
此处粘贴时间过长，略有修改：https://gist.github.com/zaus/c0ea1fd8dad5d9590af1
答案 11 :(得分：3)
AES-GCM加密的BouncyCastle的替代方法是libsodium-net。它包装了libsodium C库。一个很好的优点是它在CPU中使用AES-NI扩展来实现非常快速的加密。不好的一面是，如果CPU没有扩展名，它根本不起作用。没有软件可以退回。
答案 12 :(得分：2)
这是布雷特放在这里的课程。但是我做了一个轻微的编辑，因为我收到错误＆＃39; Base-64 char数组的长度无效＆＃39;用于URL字符串加密和解密时。
public class CryptoURL
{
private static byte[] _salt = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("Catto_Salt_Enter_Any_Value99");
/// <summary>
/// Encrypt the given string using AES. The string can be decrypted using
/// DecryptStringAES(). The sharedSecret parameters must match.
/// The SharedSecret for the Password Reset that is used is in the next line
/// string sharedSecret = "OneUpSharedSecret9";
/// </summary>
/// <param name="plainText">The text to encrypt.</param>
/// <param name="sharedSecret">A password used to generate a key for encryption.</param>
public static string EncryptString(string plainText, string sharedSecret)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(plainText))
throw new ArgumentNullException("plainText");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sharedSecret))
throw new ArgumentNullException("sharedSecret");
string outStr = null; // Encrypted string to return
RijndaelManaged aesAlg = null; // RijndaelManaged object used to encrypt the data.
try
{
// generate the key from the shared secret and the salt
Rfc2898DeriveBytes key = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(sharedSecret, _salt);
// Create a RijndaelManaged object
aesAlg = new RijndaelManaged();
aesAlg.Key = key.GetBytes(aesAlg.KeySize / 8);
// Create a decryptor to perform the stream transform.
ICryptoTransform encryptor = aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);
// Create the streams used for encryption.
using (MemoryStream msEncrypt = new MemoryStream())
{
// prepend the IV
msEncrypt.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(aesAlg.IV.Length), 0, sizeof(int));
msEncrypt.Write(aesAlg.IV, 0, aesAlg.IV.Length);
using (CryptoStream csEncrypt = new CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
using (StreamWriter swEncrypt = new StreamWriter(csEncrypt))
{
//Write all data to the stream.
swEncrypt.Write(plainText);
}
}
outStr = HttpServerUtility.UrlTokenEncode(msEncrypt.ToArray());
//outStr = Convert.ToBase64String(msEncrypt.ToArray());
// you may need to add a reference. right click reference in solution explorer => "add Reference" => .NET tab => select "System.Web"
}
}
finally
{
// Clear the RijndaelManaged object.
if (aesAlg != null)
aesAlg.Clear();
}
// Return the encrypted bytes from the memory stream.
return outStr;
}
/// <summary>
/// Decrypt the given string. Assumes the string was encrypted using
/// EncryptStringAES(), using an identical sharedSecret.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cipherText">The text to decrypt.</param>
/// <param name="sharedSecret">A password used to generate a key for decryption.</param>
public static string DecryptString(string cipherText, string sharedSecret)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(cipherText))
throw new ArgumentNullException("cipherText");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sharedSecret))
throw new ArgumentNullException("sharedSecret");
// Declare the RijndaelManaged object
// used to decrypt the data.
RijndaelManaged aesAlg = null;
// Declare the string used to hold
// the decrypted text.
string plaintext = null;
byte[] inputByteArray;
try
{
// generate the key from the shared secret and the salt
Rfc2898DeriveBytes key = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(sharedSecret, _salt);
// Create the streams used for decryption.
//byte[] bytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
inputByteArray = HttpServerUtility.UrlTokenDecode(cipherText);
using (MemoryStream msDecrypt = new MemoryStream(inputByteArray))
{
// Create a RijndaelManaged object
// with the specified key and IV.
aesAlg = new RijndaelManaged();
aesAlg.Key = key.GetBytes(aesAlg.KeySize / 8);
// Get the initialization vector from the encrypted stream
aesAlg.IV = ReadByteArray(msDecrypt);
// Create a decrytor to perform the stream transform.
ICryptoTransform decryptor = aesAlg.CreateDecryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);
using (CryptoStream csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(msDecrypt, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
{
using (StreamReader srDecrypt = new StreamReader(csDecrypt))
// Read the decrypted bytes from the decrypting stream
// and place them in a string.
plaintext = srDecrypt.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
return "ERROR";
//throw ex;
}
finally
{
// Clear the RijndaelManaged object.
if (aesAlg != null)
aesAlg.Clear();
}
return plaintext;
}
static string ConvertStringArrayToString(string[] array)
{
//
// Concatenate all the elements into a StringBuilder.
//
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
foreach (string value in array)
{
builder.Append(value);
builder.Append('.');
}
return builder.ToString();
}
private static byte[] ReadByteArray(Stream s)
{
byte[] rawLength = new byte[sizeof(int)];
if (s.Read(rawLength, 0, rawLength.Length) != rawLength.Length)
{
throw new SystemException("Stream did not contain properly formatted byte array");
}
byte[] buffer = new byte[BitConverter.ToInt32(rawLength, 0)];
if (s.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length) != buffer.Length)
{
throw new SystemException("Did not read byte array properly");
}
return buffer;
}
}
答案 13 :(得分：1)
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
public class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
var key = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("SUkbqO2ycDo7QwpR25kfgmC7f8CoyrZy");
var data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("testData");
//Encrypt data
var encrypted = CryptoHelper.EncryptData(data,key);
//Decrypt data
var decrypted = CryptoHelper.DecryptData(encrypted,key);
//Display result
Console.WriteLine(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(decrypted));
}
}
public static class CryptoHelper
{
public static byte[] EncryptData(byte[] data, byte[] key)
{
using (var aesAlg = Aes.Create())
{
aesAlg.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
using (var encryptor = aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(key, aesAlg.IV))
{
using (var msEncrypt = new MemoryStream())
{
msEncrypt.Write(aesAlg.IV, 0, aesAlg.IV.Length);
using (var csEncrypt = new CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
csEncrypt.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
return msEncrypt.ToArray();
}
}
}
}
public static byte[] DecryptData(byte[] encrypted, byte[] key)
{
var iv = new byte[16];
Buffer.BlockCopy(encrypted, 0, iv, 0, iv.Length);
using (var aesAlg = Aes.Create())
{
aesAlg.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
using (var decryptor = aesAlg.CreateDecryptor(key, iv))
{
using (var msDecrypt = new MemoryStream(encrypted, iv.Length, encrypted.Length - iv.Length))
{
using (var csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(msDecrypt, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
{
using (var resultStream = new MemoryStream())
{
csDecrypt.CopyTo(resultStream);
return resultStream.ToArray();
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
答案 14 :(得分：1)
加密是编程中非常常见的问题。我认为最好安装一个包来为你完成任务。也许是一个简单的开源Nuget项目 Simple Aes Encryption
密钥在配置文件中，因此在生产环境中很容易更改，我也没有看到任何缺点
<MessageEncryption>
<EncryptionKey KeySize="256" Key="3q2+796tvu/erb7v3q2+796tvu/erb7v3q2+796tvu8="/>
</MessageEncryption>
答案 15 :(得分：0)
AES算法：
public static class CryptographyProvider
{
public static string EncryptString(string plainText, out string Key)
{
if (plainText == null || plainText.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("plainText");
using (Aes _aesAlg = Aes.Create())
{
Key = Convert.ToBase64String(_aesAlg.Key);
ICryptoTransform _encryptor = _aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(_aesAlg.Key, _aesAlg.IV);
using (MemoryStream _memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
{
_memoryStream.Write(_aesAlg.IV, 0, 16);
using (CryptoStream _cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(_memoryStream, _encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
using (StreamWriter _streamWriter = new StreamWriter(_cryptoStream))
{
_streamWriter.Write(plainText);
}
return Convert.ToBase64String(_memoryStream.ToArray());
}
}
}
}
public static string DecryptString(string cipherText, string Key)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(cipherText))
throw new ArgumentNullException("cipherText");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Key))
throw new ArgumentNullException("Key");
string plaintext = null;
byte[] _initialVector = new byte[16];
byte[] _Key = Convert.FromBase64String(Key);
byte[] _cipherTextBytesArray = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
byte[] _originalString = new byte[_cipherTextBytesArray.Length - 16];
Array.Copy(_cipherTextBytesArray, 0, _initialVector, 0, _initialVector.Length);
Array.Copy(_cipherTextBytesArray, 16, _originalString, 0, _cipherTextBytesArray.Length - 16);
using (Aes _aesAlg = Aes.Create())
{
_aesAlg.Key = _Key;
_aesAlg.IV = _initialVector;
ICryptoTransform decryptor = _aesAlg.CreateDecryptor(_aesAlg.Key, _aesAlg.IV);
using (MemoryStream _memoryStream = new MemoryStream(_originalString))
{
using (CryptoStream _cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(_memoryStream, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
{
using (StreamReader _streamReader = new StreamReader(_cryptoStream))
{
plaintext = _streamReader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
}
return plaintext;
}
}
答案 16 :(得分：0)
我有一个名为X509Crypto的开源项目，该项目利用证书来加密和解密字符串。它很容易使用。这是一个使用方法的示例：
1。使用X509Crypto Commandline Interface（CLI）生成新的加密证书和密钥对
>x509crypto.exe
X509Crypto> makecert -context user -keysize medium -alias myvault
Certificate with thumbprint B31FE7E7AE5229F8186782742CF579197FA859FD was added to X509Alias "myvault" in the user X509Context
X509Crypto>
2。使用加密 CLI命令将密钥添加到新的X509Alias
X509Crypto> encrypt -text -alias myvault -context user -secret apikey -in "80EAF03248965AC2B78090"
Secret apikey has been added to X509Alias myvault in the user X509Context
X509Crypto>
3。引用程序中的秘密
一旦建立了添加了秘密的 X509Alias ，在安装了Org.X509Crypto nuget软件包的程序中检索它们就很简单了：
using Org.X509Crypto;
namespace SampleApp
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var Alias = new X509Alias(@"myvault", X509Context.UserReadOnly);
var apiKey = Alias.RecoverSecret(@"apikey");
}
}
}
答案 17 :(得分：0)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for Encryption
/// </summary>
public class Encryption
{
public TripleDES CreateDES(string key)
{
MD5 md5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
TripleDES des = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
des.Key = md5.ComputeHash(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(key));
des.IV = new byte[des.BlockSize / 8];
return des;
}
public byte[] Encryptiondata(string PlainText)
{
TripleDES des = CreateDES("DreamMLMKey");
ICryptoTransform ct = des.CreateEncryptor();
byte[] input = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(PlainText);
return ct.TransformFinalBlock(input, 0, input.Length);
}
public string Decryptiondata(string CypherText)
{
string stringToDecrypt = CypherText.Replace(" ", "+");
int len = stringToDecrypt.Length;
byte[] inputByteArray = Convert.FromBase64String(stringToDecrypt);
byte[] b = Convert.FromBase64String(CypherText);
TripleDES des = CreateDES("DreamMLMKey");
ICryptoTransform ct = des.CreateDecryptor();
byte[] output = ct.TransformFinalBlock(b, 0, b.Length);
return Encoding.Unicode.GetString(output);
}
public string Decryptiondataurl(string CypherText)
{
string newcyperttext=CypherText.Replace(' ', '+');
byte[] b = Convert.FromBase64String(newcyperttext);
TripleDES des = CreateDES("DreamMLMKey");
ICryptoTransform ct = des.CreateDecryptor();
byte[] output = ct.TransformFinalBlock(b, 0, b.Length);
return Encoding.Unicode.GetString(output);
}
#region encryption & Decription
public string Encrypt(string input, string key)
{
byte[] inputArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input);
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tripleDES = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
tripleDES.Key = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
tripleDES.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
tripleDES.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
ICryptoTransform cTransform = tripleDES.CreateEncryptor();
byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(inputArray, 0, inputArray.Length);
tripleDES.Clear();
return Convert.ToBase64String(resultArray, 0, resultArray.Length);
}
public string Decrypt(string input, string key)
{
byte[] inputArray = Convert.FromBase64String(input);
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tripleDES = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
tripleDES.Key = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
tripleDES.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
tripleDES.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
ICryptoTransform cTransform = tripleDES.CreateDecryptor();
byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(inputArray, 0, inputArray.Length);
tripleDES.Clear();
return UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(resultArray);
}
public string encrypt(string encryptString)
{
string EncryptionKey = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
byte[] clearBytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(encryptString);
using (Aes encryptor = Aes.Create())
{
Rfc2898DeriveBytes pdb = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(EncryptionKey, new byte[] {
0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76
});
encryptor.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
encryptor.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
using (CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encryptor.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cs.Write(clearBytes, 0, clearBytes.Length);
cs.Close();
}
encryptString = Convert.ToBase64String(ms.ToArray());
}
}
return encryptString;
}
public string Decrypt(string cipherText)
{
string EncryptionKey = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
cipherText = cipherText.Replace(" ", "+");
byte[] cipherBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
using (Aes encryptor = Aes.Create())
{
Rfc2898DeriveBytes pdb = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(EncryptionKey, new byte[] {
0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76
});
encryptor.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
encryptor.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
using (CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encryptor.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cs.Write(cipherBytes, 0, cipherBytes.Length);
cs.Close();
}
cipherText = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(ms.ToArray());
}
}
return cipherText;
}
#endregion
}
答案 18 :(得分：0)
下面的示例演示如何加密和解密示例数据：
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from StudentClass import views
from Student import views
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.StudentAdd,name='home'),
path('list/',views.StudentList,name='list'),
path('enrol/',views.StudentEnroll,name='enrol'),
path('classhome',StudentClass.views.ClassEntry, name='classhome'),
path('classhome',views.ClassEntry, name='classhome'),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls)
]
答案 19 :(得分：0)
以下代码是Ghazal的answer的改进版本，类似于类似的question。
public class EncryptionHelper
{
private Aes aesEncryptor;
public EncryptionHelper()
{
}
private void BuildAesEncryptor(string key)
{
aesEncryptor = Aes.Create();
var pdb = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(key, new byte[] { 0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76 });
aesEncryptor.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
aesEncryptor.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);
}
public string EncryptString(string clearText, string key)
{
BuildAesEncryptor(key);
var clearBytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(clearText);
using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
{
using (var cs = new CryptoStream(ms, aesEncryptor.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cs.Write(clearBytes, 0, clearBytes.Length);
}
var encryptedText = Convert.ToBase64String(ms.ToArray());
return encryptedText;
}
}
public string DecryptString(string cipherText, string key)
{
BuildAesEncryptor(key);
cipherText = cipherText.Replace(" ", "+");
var cipherBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
{
using (var cs = new CryptoStream(ms, aesEncryptor.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cs.Write(cipherBytes, 0, cipherBytes.Length);
}
var clearText = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(ms.ToArray());
return clearText;
}
}
}
答案 20 :(得分：0)
Here is the sample如何使用Bouncy Castle软件包完成AES-GCM加密/解密。
我发现该示例在Google上搜索时有可能从GOlang crypto/aes api中解密数据：
const (
gcmBlockSize = 16 // this is key size
gcmTagSize = 16 // this is mac
gcmStandardNonceSize = 12 // this is nonce
)
func encrypt(data []byte, passphrase string) []byte {
block, _ := aes.NewCipher([]byte(createHash(passphrase)))
gcm, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
if err != nil {
panic(err.Error())
}
nonce := make([]byte, gcm.NonceSize())
if _, err = io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, nonce); err != nil {
panic(err.Error())
}
ciphertext := gcm.Seal(nonce, nonce, data, nil)
return ciphertext
}
.Net示例的工作方式类似于带有密钥（256位），mac（128位）和随机数（96位）的超级按钮。
答案 21 :(得分：0)
这是简单的Snippet最初由ASP Snippets
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.IO;
private string Encrypt(string clearText)
{
string EncryptionKey = "yourkey";
byte[] clearBytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(clearText);
using (Aes encryptor = Aes.Create())
{
Rfc2898DeriveBytes pdb = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(EncryptionKey, new byte[] { 0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76 });
encryptor.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
encryptor.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
using (CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encryptor.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cs.Write(clearBytes, 0, clearBytes.Length);
cs.Close();
}
clearText = Convert.ToBase64String(ms.ToArray());
}
}
return clearText;
}
private string Decrypt(string cipherText)
{
string EncryptionKey = "yourkey";
cipherText = cipherText.Replace(" ", "+");
byte[] cipherBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
using (Aes encryptor = Aes.Create())
{
Rfc2898DeriveBytes pdb = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(EncryptionKey, new byte[] { 0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76 });
encryptor.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
encryptor.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
using (CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, encryptor.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
cs.Write(cipherBytes, 0, cipherBytes.Length);
cs.Close();
}
cipherText = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(ms.ToArray());
}
}
return cipherText;
}
答案 22 :(得分：0)
在我的answer复制了类似的问题：Simple two-way encryption for C#。
基于多个答案和评论。
代码：
/// <summary>
/// Simple encryption/decryption using a random initialization vector
/// and prepending it to the crypto text.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>Based on multiple answers in https://stackoverflow.com/questions/165808/simple-two-way-encryption-for-c-sharp </remarks>
public class SimpleAes : IDisposable
{
/// <summary>
/// Initialization vector length in bytes.
/// </summary>
private const int IvBytes = 16;
/// <summary>
/// Must be exactly 16, 24 or 32 characters long.
/// </summary>
private static readonly byte[] Key = Convert.FromBase64String("FILL ME WITH 16, 24 OR 32 CHARS");
private readonly UTF8Encoding _encoder;
private readonly ICryptoTransform _encryptor;
private readonly RijndaelManaged _rijndael;
public SimpleAes()
{
_rijndael = new RijndaelManaged {Key = Key};
_rijndael.GenerateIV();
_encryptor = _rijndael.CreateEncryptor();
_encoder = new UTF8Encoding();
}
public string Decrypt(string encrypted)
{
return _encoder.GetString(Decrypt(Convert.FromBase64String(encrypted)));
}
public void Dispose()
{
_rijndael.Dispose();
_encryptor.Dispose();
}
public string Encrypt(string unencrypted)
{
return Convert.ToBase64String(Encrypt(_encoder.GetBytes(unencrypted)));
}
private byte[] Decrypt(byte[] buffer)
{
// IV is prepended to cryptotext
byte[] iv = buffer.Take(IvBytes).ToArray();
using (ICryptoTransform decryptor = _rijndael.CreateDecryptor(_rijndael.Key, iv))
{
return decryptor.TransformFinalBlock(buffer, IvBytes, buffer.Length - IvBytes);
}
}
private byte[] Encrypt(byte[] buffer)
{
// Prepend cryptotext with IV
byte[] inputBuffer = _rijndael.IV.Concat(buffer).ToArray();
return _encryptor.TransformFinalBlock(inputBuffer, IvBytes, buffer.Length);
}
}
答案 23 :(得分：-1)
很好的示例，如何通过PGPCore和BouncyCastle来完成此操作，非常简单的解决方案：https://blog.bitscry.com/2018/07/05/pgp-encryption-and-decryption-in-c/
我尝试了不同的解决方案，但这对我来说最有效，有些有bug，但这对我来说是完美的。
using (PGP pgp = new PGP())
{
// Generate keys
pgp.GenerateKey(@"C:\TEMP\keys\public.asc", @"C:\TEMP\keys\private.asc", "email@email.com", "password");
// Encrypt file
pgp.EncryptFile(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content.txt", @"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted.pgp", @"C:\TEMP\keys\public.asc", true, true);
// Encrypt and sign file
pgp.EncryptFileAndSign(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content.txt", @"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted_signed.pgp", @"C:\TEMP\keys\public.asc", @"C:\TEMP\keys\private.asc", "password", true, true);
// Decrypt file
pgp.DecryptFile(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted.pgp", @"C:\TEMP\keys\content__decrypted.txt", @"C:\TEMP\keys\private.asc", "password");
// Decrypt signed file
pgp.DecryptFile(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted_signed.pgp", @"C:\TEMP\keys\content__decrypted_signed.txt", @"C:\TEMP\keys\private.asc", "password");
// Encrypt stream
using (FileStream inputFileStream = new FileStream(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content.txt", FileMode.Open))
using (Stream outputFileStream = File.Create(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted2.pgp"))
using (Stream publicKeyStream = new FileStream(@"C:\TEMP\keys\public.asc", FileMode.Open))
pgp.EncryptStream(inputFileStream, outputFileStream, publicKeyStream, true, true);
// Decrypt stream
using (FileStream inputFileStream = new FileStream(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content__encrypted2.pgp", FileMode.Open))
using (Stream outputFileStream = File.Create(@"C:\TEMP\keys\content__decrypted2.txt"))
using (Stream privateKeyStream = new FileStream(@"C:\TEMP\keys\private.asc", FileMode.Open))
pgp.DecryptStream(inputFileStream, outputFileStream, privateKeyStream, "password");
}
答案 24 :(得分：-2)
安全地散列数据的好算法是BCrypt：
除了加入盐以防止彩虹表攻击， bcrypt是一种自适应函数：随着时间的推移，迭代计数可以是 增加使其变慢，因此它仍然抵抗蛮力 即使计算能力越来越强，搜索攻击。
答案 25 :(得分：-2)
为了简单起见，我为自己制作了这个用于非加密目的的功能：替换＆＃34; yourpassphrase＆＃34;用你的密码......
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.IO;
namespace My
{
public class strCrypto
{
// This constant string is used as a "salt" value for the PasswordDeriveBytes function calls.
// This size of the IV (in bytes) must = (keysize / 8). Default keysize is 256, so the IV must be
// 32 bytes long. Using a 16 character string here gives us 32 bytes when converted to a byte array.
private const string initVector = "r5dm5fgm24mfhfku";
private const string passPhrase = "yourpassphrase"; // email password encryption password
// This constant is used to determine the keysize of the encryption algorithm.
private const int keysize = 256;
public static string encryptString(string plainText)
{
//if the plaintext is empty or null string just return an empty string
if (plainText == "" || plainText == null )
{
return "";
}
byte[] initVectorBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(initVector);
byte[] plainTextBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText);
PasswordDeriveBytes password = new PasswordDeriveBytes(passPhrase, null);
byte[] keyBytes = password.GetBytes(keysize / 8);
RijndaelManaged symmetricKey = new RijndaelManaged();
symmetricKey.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
ICryptoTransform encryptor = symmetricKey.CreateEncryptor(keyBytes, initVectorBytes);
MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write);
cryptoStream.Write(plainTextBytes, 0, plainTextBytes.Length);
cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock();
byte[] cipherTextBytes = memoryStream.ToArray();
memoryStream.Close();
cryptoStream.Close();
return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherTextBytes);
}
public static string decryptString(string cipherText)
{
//if the ciphertext is empty or null string just return an empty string
if (cipherText == "" || cipherText == null )
{
return "";
}
byte[] initVectorBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(initVector);
byte[] cipherTextBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
PasswordDeriveBytes password = new PasswordDeriveBytes(passPhrase, null);
byte[] keyBytes = password.GetBytes(keysize / 8);
RijndaelManaged symmetricKey = new RijndaelManaged();
symmetricKey.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
ICryptoTransform decryptor = symmetricKey.CreateDecryptor(keyBytes, initVectorBytes);
MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(cipherTextBytes);
CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read);
byte[] plainTextBytes = new byte[cipherTextBytes.Length];
int decryptedByteCount = cryptoStream.Read(plainTextBytes, 0, plainTextBytes.Length);
memoryStream.Close();
cryptoStream.Close();
return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plainTextBytes, 0, decryptedByteCount);
}
}
}
答案 26 :(得分：-2)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions; // This is for password validation
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Configuration; // This is where the hash functions reside
namespace BullyTracker.Common
{
public class HashEncryption
{
//public string GenerateHashvalue(string thisPassword)
//{
// MD5CryptoServiceProvider md5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
// byte[] tmpSource;
// byte[] tmpHash;
// tmpSource = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(thisPassword); // Turn password into byte array
// tmpHash = md5.ComputeHash(tmpSource);
// StringBuilder sOutput = new StringBuilder(tmpHash.Length);
// for (int i = 0; i < tmpHash.Length; i++)
// {
// sOutput.Append(tmpHash[i].ToString("X2")); // X2 formats to hexadecimal
// }
// return sOutput.ToString();
//}
//public Boolean VerifyHashPassword(string thisPassword, string thisHash)
//{
// Boolean IsValid = false;
// string tmpHash = GenerateHashvalue(thisPassword); // Call the routine on user input
// if (tmpHash == thisHash) IsValid = true; // Compare to previously generated hash
// return IsValid;
//}
public string GenerateHashvalue(string toEncrypt, bool useHashing)
{
byte[] keyArray;
byte[] toEncryptArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(toEncrypt);
System.Configuration.AppSettingsReader settingsReader = new AppSettingsReader();
// Get the key from config file
string key = (string)settingsReader.GetValue("SecurityKey", typeof(String));
//System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(key);
if (useHashing)
{
MD5CryptoServiceProvider hashmd5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
keyArray = hashmd5.ComputeHash(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key));
hashmd5.Clear();
}
else
keyArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tdes = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
tdes.Key = keyArray;
tdes.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
tdes.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
ICryptoTransform cTransform = tdes.CreateEncryptor();
byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(toEncryptArray, 0, toEncryptArray.Length);
tdes.Clear();
return Convert.ToBase64String(resultArray, 0, resultArray.Length);
}
/// <summary>
/// DeCrypt a string using dual encryption method. Return a DeCrypted clear string
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cipherString">encrypted string</param>
/// <param name="useHashing">Did you use hashing to encrypt this data? pass true is yes</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string Decrypt(string cipherString, bool useHashing)
{
byte[] keyArray;
byte[] toEncryptArray = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherString);
System.Configuration.AppSettingsReader settingsReader = new AppSettingsReader();
//Get your key from config file to open the lock!
string key = (string)settingsReader.GetValue("SecurityKey", typeof(String));
if (useHashing)
{
MD5CryptoServiceProvider hashmd5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
keyArray = hashmd5.ComputeHash(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key));
hashmd5.Clear();
}
else
keyArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tdes = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
tdes.Key = keyArray;
tdes.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
tdes.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
ICryptoTransform cTransform = tdes.CreateDecryptor();
byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(toEncryptArray, 0, toEncryptArray.Length);
tdes.Clear();
return UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(resultArray);
}
}
}
答案 27 :(得分：-3)
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
namespace Encription
{
class CryptorEngine
{
public static string Encrypt(string ToEncrypt, bool useHasing)
{
byte[] keyArray;
byte[] toEncryptArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(ToEncrypt);
//System.Configuration.AppSettingsReader settingsReader = new AppSettingsReader();
string Key = "Bhagwati";
if (useHasing)
{
MD5CryptoServiceProvider hashmd5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
keyArray = hashmd5.ComputeHash(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Key));
hashmd5.Clear();
}
else
{
keyArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Key);
}
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tDes = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
tDes.Key = keyArray;
tDes.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
tDes.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
ICryptoTransform cTransform = tDes.CreateEncryptor();
byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(toEncryptArray, 0, toEncryptArray.Length);
tDes.Clear();
return Convert.ToBase64String(resultArray, 0, resultArray.Length);
}
public static string Decrypt(string cypherString, bool useHasing)
{
byte[] keyArray;
byte[] toDecryptArray = Convert.FromBase64String(cypherString);
//byte[] toEncryptArray = Convert.FromBase64String(cypherString);
//System.Configuration.AppSettingsReader settingReader = new AppSettingsReader();
string key = "Bhagwati";
if (useHasing)
{
MD5CryptoServiceProvider hashmd = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
keyArray = hashmd.ComputeHash(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key));
hashmd.Clear();
}
else
{
keyArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
}
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tDes = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
tDes.Key = keyArray;
tDes.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
tDes.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
ICryptoTransform cTransform = tDes.CreateDecryptor();
try
{
byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(toDecryptArray, 0, toDecryptArray.Length);
tDes.Clear();
return UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(resultArray,0,resultArray.Length);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}
}
}
答案 28 :(得分：-3)
我想用AES Rfc2898DeriveBytes（here文档）algorhytm的代码给你我的贡献，用C＃（.NET framework 4）编写并完全适用于有限的平台，如适用于Windows Phone 7.0+的.NET Compact Framework（并非所有平台都支持.NET框架的每种伪造方法！）。
我希望这可以帮助任何人！
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
public static class Crypto
{
private static readonly byte[] IVa = new byte[] { 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x11, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x14, 0x0e, 0x16, 0x17 };
public static string Encrypt(this string text, string salt)
{
try
{
using (Aes aes = new AesManaged())
{
Rfc2898DeriveBytes deriveBytes = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(IVa, 0, IVa.Length), Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(salt));
aes.Key = deriveBytes.GetBytes(128 / 8);
aes.IV = aes.Key;
using (MemoryStream encryptionStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (CryptoStream encrypt = new CryptoStream(encryptionStream, aes.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
byte[] cleanText = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text);
encrypt.Write(cleanText, 0, cleanText.Length);
encrypt.FlushFinalBlock();
}
byte[] encryptedData = encryptionStream.ToArray();
string encryptedText = Convert.ToBase64String(encryptedData);
return encryptedText;
}
}
}
catch
{
return String.Empty;
}
}
public static string Decrypt(this string text, string salt)
{
try
{
using (Aes aes = new AesManaged())
{
Rfc2898DeriveBytes deriveBytes = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(IVa, 0, IVa.Length), Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(salt));
aes.Key = deriveBytes.GetBytes(128 / 8);
aes.IV = aes.Key;
using (MemoryStream decryptionStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (CryptoStream decrypt = new CryptoStream(decryptionStream, aes.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
byte[] encryptedData = Convert.FromBase64String(text);
decrypt.Write(encryptedData, 0, encryptedData.Length);
decrypt.Flush();
}
byte[] decryptedData = decryptionStream.ToArray();
string decryptedText = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(decryptedData, 0, decryptedData.Length);
return decryptedText;
}
}
}
catch
{
return String.Empty;
}
}
}
}
答案 29 :(得分：-4)
您必须使用System.Security.Cryptography来使用命名空间;和useHashing是一个bool类型，无论是true还是false。对于加密和解密
，字符串变量“key”应该相同//Encryption
public string EncryptText(string toEncrypt, bool useHashing)
{
try
{
byte[] keyArray;
byte[] toEncryptArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(toEncrypt);
string key = "String Key Value"; //Based on this key stirng is encrypting
//System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(key);
//If hashing use get hashcode regards to your key
if (useHashing)
{
MD5CryptoServiceProvider hashmd5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
keyArray = hashmd5.ComputeHash(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key));
//Always release the resources and flush data
//of the Cryptographic service provide. Best Practice
hashmd5.Clear();
}
else
keyArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tdes = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
//set the secret key for the tripleDES algorithm
tdes.Key = keyArray;
//mode of operation. there are other 4 modes. We choose ECB(Electronic code Book)
tdes.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
//padding mode(if any extra byte added)
tdes.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
ICryptoTransform cTransform = tdes.CreateEncryptor();
//transform the specified region of bytes array to resultArray
byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(toEncryptArray, 0, toEncryptArray.Length);
//Release resources held by TripleDes Encryptor
tdes.Clear();
//Return the encrypted data into unreadable string format
return Convert.ToBase64String(resultArray, 0, resultArray.Length);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
throw e;
}
}
//Decryption
public string DecryptText(string cipherString, bool useHashing)
{
try
{
byte[] keyArray;
//get the byte code of the string
byte[] toEncryptArray = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherString);
string key = "String Key Value"; //Based on this key string is decrypted
if (useHashing)
{
//if hashing was used get the hash code with regards to your key
MD5CryptoServiceProvider hashmd5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
keyArray = hashmd5.ComputeHash(UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key));
//release any resource held by the MD5CryptoServiceProvider
hashmd5.Clear();
}
else
{
//if hashing was not implemented get the byte code of the key
keyArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
}
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tdes = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
//set the secret key for the tripleDES algorithm
tdes.Key = keyArray;
//mode of operation. there are other 4 modes.
//We choose ECB(Electronic code Book)
tdes.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
//padding mode(if any extra byte added)
tdes.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
ICryptoTransform cTransform = tdes.CreateDecryptor();
byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock
(toEncryptArray, 0, toEncryptArray.Length);
//Release resources held by TripleDes Encryptor
tdes.Clear();
//return the Clear decrypted TEXT
return UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(resultArray);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}