在没有成员变量的情况下创建抽象类的重点是什么?

时间:2013-11-18 22:33:46

标签: java android interface abstract-class

这个问题实际上比主题更具体,但我认为这个主题一般涵盖了我想知道的内容。

我正在审查一个看起来像我想要使用的项目的一些代码,我看到了一些对我感兴趣的东西,因为我不确定为什么要这样做。具体来说,在Chris Banes的ActionBar-PullToRefresh中,我在.java中看到了这一点:

package uk.co.senab.actionbarpulltorefresh.library;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.view.View;

/**
* HeaderTransformers are what controls and update the Header View to reflect the current state
* of the pull-to-refresh interaction. They are responsible for showing and hiding the header
* view, as well as update the state.
*/
public abstract class HeaderTransformer {

   /**
  * Called whether the header view has been inflated from the resources
 * defined in {@link Options#headerLayout}.
 *
 * @param activity The {@link android.app.Activity} that the header view is attached to.
 * @param headerView The inflated header view.
 */
public void onViewCreated(Activity activity, View headerView) {}

/**
 * Called when the header should be reset. You should update any child
 * views to reflect this.
 * <p/>
 * You should <strong>not</strong> change the visibility of the header
 * view.
 */
public void onReset() {}

/**
 * Called the user has pulled on the scrollable view.
 *
 * @param percentagePulled value between 0.0f and 1.0f depending on how far the
 *                         user has pulled.
 */
public void onPulled(float percentagePulled) {}

/**
 * Called when a refresh has begun. Theoretically this call is similar
 * to that provided from {@link uk.co.senab.actionbarpulltorefresh.library.listeners.OnRefreshListener} but is more suitable
 * for header view updates.
 */
public void onRefreshStarted() {}

/**
 * Called when a refresh can be initiated when the user ends the touch
 * event. This is only called when {@link Options#refreshOnUp} is set to
 * true.
 */
public void onReleaseToRefresh() {}

/**
 * Called when the current refresh has taken longer than the time
 * specified in {@link Options#refreshMinimizeDelay}.
 */
public void onRefreshMinimized() {}

/**
 * Called when the Header View should be made visible, usually with an animation.
 *
 * @return true if the visibility has changed.
 */
public abstract boolean showHeaderView();

/**
 * Called when the Header View should be made invisible, usually with an animation.
 *
 * @return true if the visibility has changed.
 */
public abstract boolean hideHeaderView();

/**
 * Called when the Activity's configuration has changed.
 *
 * @param activity The {@link android.app.Activity} that the header view is attached to.
 * @param newConfig New configuration.
 *
 * @see android.app.Activity#onConfigurationChanged(android.content.res.Configuration)
 */
public void onConfigurationChanged(Activity activity, Configuration newConfig) {}
}

我对这个文件的问题是为什么这里有一个抽象类而不是一个接口,或者做一个抽象类的目的是什么?我看到该类有两个抽象方法。我的理解是抽象方法必须在子类中定义,否则子类也是一个抽象类吧?那么这是作为一个抽象类完成的,以便只强制执行这两个抽象方法吗?这是在这里做抽象类而不是接口的唯一原因吗?

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

主要优点可能是你只需要实现子类所必需的方法,而接口则需要你实现每个方法,即使你的实现是空的。

答案 1 :(得分:2)

使用abstractinterface s)的原因是能够定义abstract方法。但是,这不是interface的原因是能够定义可选的方法。

以下构造,例如

public void onReset() {}

定义(概念上)几乎 - abstract方法,它具有默认的 no-op 实现。

答案 2 :(得分:2)

将它作为一个抽象类可能有很多原因,其中一些是你自己指出的。

在这种情况下,我猜是因为它是一个库。 假设您有一个庞大的应用程序,并使用此类来定义许多其他类。

如果通过添加新方法来更新类,则如果代码是接口,则代码将无法编译,因为您的代码违反了接口的“契约”(它没有实现所有方法)。但在这种情况下,它是一个抽象类,可以定义默认行为:在这种情况下,什么都不做。因此,您的应用程序不会中断,并且编译没有任何问题。