使用PHP转换所有类型的智能引号

时间:2013-11-16 23:02:36

标签: php html unicode replace double-quotes

我正在尝试在处理文本时将所有类型的智能引号转换为常规引号。但是,我编译的以下功能似乎仍缺乏支持和适当的设计。

有谁知道如何正确地获得所有quote characters转换?

function convert_smart_quotes($string)
{
    $quotes = array(
        "\xC2\xAB"   => '"', // « (U+00AB) in UTF-8
        "\xC2\xBB"   => '"', // » (U+00BB) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x98" => "'", // ‘ (U+2018) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x99" => "'", // ’ (U+2019) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9A" => "'", // ‚ (U+201A) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9B" => "'", // ‛ (U+201B) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9C" => '"', // “ (U+201C) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9D" => '"', // ” (U+201D) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9E" => '"', // „ (U+201E) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9F" => '"', // ‟ (U+201F) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\xB9" => "'", // ‹ (U+2039) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\xBA" => "'", // › (U+203A) in UTF-8
    );
    $string = strtr($string, $quotes);

    // Version 2
    $search = array(
        chr(145),
        chr(146),
        chr(147),
        chr(148),
        chr(151)
    );
    $replace = array("'","'",'"','"',' - ');
    $string = str_replace($search, $replace, $string);

    // Version 3
    $string = str_replace(
        array('‘','’','“','”'),
        array("'", "'", '"', '"'),
        $string
    );

    // Version 4
    $search = array(
        '‘', 
        '’', 
        '“', 
        '”', 
        '—',
        '–',
    );
    $replace = array("'","'",'"','"',' - ', '-');
    $string = str_replace($search, $replace, $string);

    return $string;
}

注意:这个问题是关于完整的报价范围的完整查询,包括"Microsoft" quotes asked here这是一个“重复”,就像询问所有轮胎尺寸是要求的“重复”一样汽车轮胎尺寸。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:62)

你需要这样的东西(假设输入UTF-8,忽略CJK(中文,日文,韩文)):

$chr_map = array(
   // Windows codepage 1252
   "\xC2\x82" => "'", // U+0082⇒U+201A single low-9 quotation mark
   "\xC2\x84" => '"', // U+0084⇒U+201E double low-9 quotation mark
   "\xC2\x8B" => "'", // U+008B⇒U+2039 single left-pointing angle quotation mark
   "\xC2\x91" => "'", // U+0091⇒U+2018 left single quotation mark
   "\xC2\x92" => "'", // U+0092⇒U+2019 right single quotation mark
   "\xC2\x93" => '"', // U+0093⇒U+201C left double quotation mark
   "\xC2\x94" => '"', // U+0094⇒U+201D right double quotation mark
   "\xC2\x9B" => "'", // U+009B⇒U+203A single right-pointing angle quotation mark

   // Regular Unicode     // U+0022 quotation mark (")
                          // U+0027 apostrophe     (')
   "\xC2\xAB"     => '"', // U+00AB left-pointing double angle quotation mark
   "\xC2\xBB"     => '"', // U+00BB right-pointing double angle quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x98" => "'", // U+2018 left single quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x99" => "'", // U+2019 right single quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9A" => "'", // U+201A single low-9 quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9B" => "'", // U+201B single high-reversed-9 quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9C" => '"', // U+201C left double quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9D" => '"', // U+201D right double quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9E" => '"', // U+201E double low-9 quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9F" => '"', // U+201F double high-reversed-9 quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\xB9" => "'", // U+2039 single left-pointing angle quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\xBA" => "'", // U+203A single right-pointing angle quotation mark
);
$chr = array_keys  ($chr_map); // but: for efficiency you should
$rpl = array_values($chr_map); // pre-calculate these two arrays
$str = str_replace($chr, $rpl, html_entity_decode($str, ENT_QUOTES, "UTF-8"));

背景是:

每个Unicode字符只属于一个"General Category",其中可以包含引号字符的字符如下:

(这些页面非常便于检查您是否错过了任何内容 - 还有一个index of categories

在启用Unicode的正则表达式中,match these categories有时很有用。

此外,Unicode字符有"properties",其中您感兴趣的是Quotation_Mark。不幸的是,这些在正则表达式中无法访问。

在维基百科中,您可以找到group of characters with the Quotation_Mark property。在unicode.org上的最终引用是PropList.txt,但这是一个ASCII文本文件。

如果您还需要翻译CJK字符,您只需获取他们的代码点,决定他们的翻译,并找到他们的UTF-8编码,例如,通过在fileformat.info中查找(例如,对于U + 301E:http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/301e/index.htm)。

关于Windows代码页1252:Unicode定义前256个代码点以表示与ISO-8859-1完全相同的字符,但ISO-8859-1经常与Windows codepage 1252混淆,因此所有浏览器都呈现范围0x80-0x9F,这在ISO-8859-1中是“空的”(更确切地说:它包含控制字符),就好像它是Windows代码页1252. The table in the Wikipedia page列出了Unicode等价物。

注意:strtr()通常比str_replace()慢。根据您的输入和PHP版本计算时间。如果速度足够快,您可以直接使用我的$chr_map等地图。


如果您不确定您的输入是UTF-8编码,并且愿意假设如果不是,那么它是ISO-8859-1或Windows代码页1252,那么您可以先做其他事情:

if ( !preg_match('/^\\X*$/u', $str)) {
   $str = utf8_encode($str);
}

警告:此正则表达式在极少数情况下无法检测到非UTF-8编码。例如:"Gruß…"/*CP-1252*/=="Gru\xDF\x85"看起来像这个正则表达式的UTF-8(U + 07C5是N'ko数字5)。这个正则表达式可以略微增强,但不幸的是,可以证明对编码检测问题没有完全万无一失的解决方案。


如果要将源自Windows代码页1252的范围0x80-0x9F规范化为常规Unicode代码点,可以执行此操作(并删除上面$chr_map的第一部分):

$normalization_map = array(
   "\xC2\x80" => "\xE2\x82\xAC", // U+20AC Euro sign
   "\xC2\x82" => "\xE2\x80\x9A", // U+201A single low-9 quotation mark
   "\xC2\x83" => "\xC6\x92",     // U+0192 latin small letter f with hook
   "\xC2\x84" => "\xE2\x80\x9E", // U+201E double low-9 quotation mark
   "\xC2\x85" => "\xE2\x80\xA6", // U+2026 horizontal ellipsis
   "\xC2\x86" => "\xE2\x80\xA0", // U+2020 dagger
   "\xC2\x87" => "\xE2\x80\xA1", // U+2021 double dagger
   "\xC2\x88" => "\xCB\x86",     // U+02C6 modifier letter circumflex accent
   "\xC2\x89" => "\xE2\x80\xB0", // U+2030 per mille sign
   "\xC2\x8A" => "\xC5\xA0",     // U+0160 latin capital letter s with caron
   "\xC2\x8B" => "\xE2\x80\xB9", // U+2039 single left-pointing angle quotation mark
   "\xC2\x8C" => "\xC5\x92",     // U+0152 latin capital ligature oe
   "\xC2\x8E" => "\xC5\xBD",     // U+017D latin capital letter z with caron
   "\xC2\x91" => "\xE2\x80\x98", // U+2018 left single quotation mark
   "\xC2\x92" => "\xE2\x80\x99", // U+2019 right single quotation mark
   "\xC2\x93" => "\xE2\x80\x9C", // U+201C left double quotation mark
   "\xC2\x94" => "\xE2\x80\x9D", // U+201D right double quotation mark
   "\xC2\x95" => "\xE2\x80\xA2", // U+2022 bullet
   "\xC2\x96" => "\xE2\x80\x93", // U+2013 en dash
   "\xC2\x97" => "\xE2\x80\x94", // U+2014 em dash
   "\xC2\x98" => "\xCB\x9C",     // U+02DC small tilde
   "\xC2\x99" => "\xE2\x84\xA2", // U+2122 trade mark sign
   "\xC2\x9A" => "\xC5\xA1",     // U+0161 latin small letter s with caron
   "\xC2\x9B" => "\xE2\x80\xBA", // U+203A single right-pointing angle quotation mark
   "\xC2\x9C" => "\xC5\x93",     // U+0153 latin small ligature oe
   "\xC2\x9E" => "\xC5\xBE",     // U+017E latin small letter z with caron
   "\xC2\x9F" => "\xC5\xB8",     // U+0178 latin capital letter y with diaeresis
);
$chr = array_keys  ($normalization_map); // but: for efficiency you should
$rpl = array_values($normalization_map); // pre-calculate these two arrays
$str = str_replace($chr, $rpl, $str);

答案 1 :(得分:6)

您可以使用此功能转换所有字符:

$output = iconv('UTF-8', 'ASCII//TRANSLIT', $input);

确保将您的类型更改为您需要的类型。

(注意:这是来自另一个类似的问题here)。