Question

如何使用PHP检测爬虫/蜘蛛？

我目前正在开展一个项目，我需要跟踪每个爬虫的访问我知道你应该使用HTTP_USER_AGENT，但我不确定如何为此目的格式化代码，我知道用户代理可以很容易地改变，所以我也想知道是否可以添加还有一些参数可以避免欺骗？

我正在尝试做的示例代码..

<?php
$user_agent = $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'];
if (strpos( $user_agent, 'Google') !== false)
{
echo "Googlebot is here";
}
?>

谢谢

Answer 1

根据Verifying Googlebot：

您可以使用反向DNS查询验证访问您服务器的机器人是Googlebot（或其他Google用户代理），验证该名称是否在googlebot.com域中，然后使用正向DNS查找googlebot的名字。如果您担心垃圾邮件发送者或其他麻烦制造者在声称自己是Googlebot时访问您的网站，这将非常有用。

例如：


host 66.249.66.1
    1.66.249.66.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer
    crawl-66-249-66-1.googlebot.com.

host crawl-66-249-66-1.googlebot.com
    crawl-66-249-66-1.googlebot.com has address 66.249.66.1
    Google不会将网站站长的公开IP地址列表发布到白名单。这是因为这些IP地址范围可能会发生变化，从而导致任何对其进行硬编码的网站管理员出现问题。识别Googlebot访问权限的最佳方法是使用用户代理（Googlebot）。

您可以执行反向DNS查找：

function validateGoogleBotIP($ip) {
    $hostname = gethostbyaddr($ip); //"crawl-66-249-66-1.googlebot.com"
    return preg_match('/\.googlebot\.com$/i', $hostname);
}

if (strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'], 'Google') !== false) {
    if (validateGoogleBotIP($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'])) {
        echo 'It is ACTUALLY google';
    } else {
        echo 'Someone\'s faking it!';
    }
} else {
    echo 'Nothing to do with Google';
}

Answer 2

100％在我的网站上工作以检测机器人，爬行器，蜘蛛和复印机。

function isBotDetected() {

    if ( preg_match('/abacho|accona|AddThis|AdsBot|ahoy|AhrefsBot|AISearchBot|alexa|altavista|anthill|appie|applebot|arale|araneo|AraybOt|ariadne|arks|aspseek|ATN_Worldwide|Atomz|baiduspider|baidu|bbot|bingbot|bing|Bjaaland|BlackWidow|BotLink|bot|boxseabot|bspider|calif|CCBot|ChinaClaw|christcrawler|CMC\/0\.01|combine|confuzzledbot|contaxe|CoolBot|cosmos|crawler|crawlpaper|crawl|curl|cusco|cyberspyder|cydralspider|dataprovider|digger|DIIbot|DotBot|downloadexpress|DragonBot|DuckDuckBot|dwcp|EasouSpider|ebiness|ecollector|elfinbot|esculapio|ESI|esther|eStyle|Ezooms|facebookexternalhit|facebook|facebot|fastcrawler|FatBot|FDSE|FELIX IDE|fetch|fido|find|Firefly|fouineur|Freecrawl|froogle|gammaSpider|gazz|gcreep|geona|Getterrobo-Plus|get|girafabot|golem|googlebot|\-google|grabber|GrabNet|griffon|Gromit|gulliver|gulper|hambot|havIndex|hotwired|htdig|HTTrack|ia_archiver|iajabot|IDBot|Informant|InfoSeek|InfoSpiders|INGRID\/0\.1|inktomi|inspectorwww|Internet Cruiser Robot|irobot|Iron33|JBot|jcrawler|Jeeves|jobo|KDD\-Explorer|KIT\-Fireball|ko_yappo_robot|label\-grabber|larbin|legs|libwww-perl|linkedin|Linkidator|linkwalker|Lockon|logo_gif_crawler|Lycos|m2e|majesticsEO|marvin|mattie|mediafox|mediapartners|MerzScope|MindCrawler|MJ12bot|mod_pagespeed|moget|Motor|msnbot|muncher|muninn|MuscatFerret|MwdSearch|NationalDirectory|naverbot|NEC\-MeshExplorer|NetcraftSurveyAgent|NetScoop|NetSeer|newscan\-online|nil|none|Nutch|ObjectsSearch|Occam|openstat.ru\/Bot|packrat|pageboy|ParaSite|patric|pegasus|perlcrawler|phpdig|piltdownman|Pimptrain|pingdom|pinterest|pjspider|PlumtreeWebAccessor|PortalBSpider|psbot|rambler|Raven|RHCS|RixBot|roadrunner|Robbie|robi|RoboCrawl|robofox|Scooter|Scrubby|Search\-AU|searchprocess|search|SemrushBot|Senrigan|seznambot|Shagseeker|sharp\-info\-agent|sift|SimBot|Site Valet|SiteSucker|skymob|SLCrawler\/2\.0|slurp|snooper|solbot|speedy|spider_monkey|SpiderBot\/1\.0|spiderline|spider|suke|tach_bw|TechBOT|TechnoratiSnoop|templeton|teoma|titin|topiclink|twitterbot|twitter|UdmSearch|Ukonline|UnwindFetchor|URL_Spider_SQL|urlck|urlresolver|Valkyrie libwww\-perl|verticrawl|Victoria|void\-bot|Voyager|VWbot_K|wapspider|WebBandit\/1\.0|webcatcher|WebCopier|WebFindBot|WebLeacher|WebMechanic|WebMoose|webquest|webreaper|webspider|webs|WebWalker|WebZip|wget|whowhere|winona|wlm|WOLP|woriobot|WWWC|XGET|xing|yahoo|YandexBot|YandexMobileBot|yandex|yeti|Zeus/i', $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'])
    ) {
        return true; // 'Above given bots detected'
    }

    return false;

} // End :: isBotDetected()

如何使用PHP检测爬虫/蜘蛛？

2 个答案: