Question

我在Windows服务器上运行Oracle 11，并且我登录到尝试使用SQL Plus的同一服务器上。当我尝试连接时，即使TNSPING和其他各种诊断看起来没问题，我也会得到ORA-12154。

有人能说明为什么吗？下面有大量详细信息。

如果我像这样使用 EZCONNECT ，我可以使用sqlplus ..

sqlplus EST/EST@192.168.10.15/ORCL

...但如果我尝试使用 TNSNAMES 进行连接......

sqlplus EST/EST@ORCL

......我明白了......

ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified

TNSPING 正常运行

C:\Documents and Settings\user1>tnsping ORCL

TNS Ping Utility for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 12-NOV-2013 12:41:14

Copyright (c) 1997, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:
E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\sqlnet.ora


Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.15)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = ORCL))
)
OK (20 msec)

监听器如下所示：

C:\Documents and Settings\user1>lsnrctl services

LSNRCTL for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-NOV-2013 12:02:59

Copyright (c) 1991, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "CLRExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "CLRExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
    Handler(s):
      "DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0
         LOCAL SERVER
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
    Handler(s):
      "DEDICATED" established:55 refused:0 state:ready
         LOCAL SERVER
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
    Handler(s):
      "D000" established:0 refused:0 current:0 max:1022 state:ready
         DISPATCHER <machine: MARIEL, pid: 2400>
         (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mariel)(PORT=1045))
The command completed successfully

这个

C:\Documents and Settings\user1>lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-NOV-2013 12:29:21

Copyright (c) 1991, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                14-NOV-2013 11:41:10
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 48 min. 11 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\listener.ora
Listener Log File         e:\app\administrator\diag\tnslsnr\mariel\listener\alert\log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(PIPENAME=\\.\pipe\EXTPROC1521ipc)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.10.15)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "CLRExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "CLRExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

以下是各种配置文件：

的listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
      (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\bin\oraclr11.dll")
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.15)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = E:\app\Administrator

的tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = CLRExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.15)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)
    )
  )

SQLNET.ORA

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\sqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to 
# install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native 
# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

Answer 1

创建一个环境变量TNS_ADMIN，指向tnsnames.ora文件所在的目录。然后尝试连接sqlplus。

如果可行，那么我猜你也可能安装了Oracle客户端软件，当你运行sqlplus时，它会在你的客户端中找到tnsnames.ora文件。

- 在窗口中添加环境变量TNS_ADMIN的说明
1.转到控制面板/系统
2.选择高级系统设置
3.选择“高级”选项卡，环境变量按钮位于底部 4.创建新变量TNS_ADMIN并给出存储.ora文件的路径。例如C：\应用\ ORACLE \产品\ 11.2.0 \的Client_1 \网络\管理员

Answer 2

如果你的密码中有一个at符号（@），Sqlplus会给出这个错误。 Sqlplus认为您正在输入连接字符串作为参数。更改密码（您可以使用SQL Developer执行此操作）。

道德：不要在Oracle密码中使用at-signs。

Answer 3

tnslsnr已启动，但数据库已关闭。

检查数据库是否正在运行

ps aux | fgrep pmon

如果没有这样的过程，请尝试手动启动数据库

su - oracle
export ORACLE_SID=XE
sqlplus sys as sysdba

然后在sql控制台中

startup

Answer 4

确保密码中没有@ 等特殊字符。它适用于我的情况。

检查下面，如果显示无效密码，则特殊字符是原因。

sqlplus anyword/anyword@yourServiceName

TNSPING OK但sqlplus给ORA-12154？

4 个答案: