换句话说,是否可以以类似于flet
或labels
的方式在本地定义函数?我的最终目标是使用一个类似于labels
的宏,而不是常规函数使用funcallable-standard-class
的实例而不必使用funcall
。用例可能如下所示:
(funcallable-let ((foo func-class :initargs ...))
(foo ...))
symbol-macrolet
似乎只在不处于头位时才会扩大。如果我尝试(setf (symbol-function 'foo) (make-instance 'some-funcallable-class))
,则会为此符号全局设置,而不是为封闭let
的范围设置。
这是我到目前为止所得到的(但它不起作用,因为在这种情况下macrolet不会扩展......)
(defclass func ()
((state :initarg :state :accessor state-of))
(:metaclass sb-mop:funcallable-standard-class))
(defmethod initialize-instance :after ((this func) &rest initargs)
(declare (ignore initargs))
(sb-mop:set-funcallable-instance-function
this (lambda ()
(format t "~&I am: ~s, my state is: ~s" this (state-of this)))))
(defmacro funcallable-let (bindings &body body)
(loop :for binding :in bindings
:for name := (car binding)
:for class := (cadr binding)
:for init-args := (cddr binding)
:collect `(,name (make-instance ',class ,.init-args)) :into classes
:collect `(,name (&rest args) (list 'apply '',name args)) :into macrolets
:collect name :into ignorables
:finally
(return
`(let ,classes
(declare (ignorable ,@ignorables))
(macrolet ,macrolets
,@body)))))
(defun test-funcallable-let ()
(funcallable-let ((f func :state :f-state)
(g func :state :g-state))
(f) (funcall 'g)))
这有些修改了Lars的Brinkoff宏:
(defmacro funcallable-let (bindings &body body)
(loop
:for binding :in bindings
:for symbol := (gensym)
:for name := (car binding)
:for class := (cadr binding)
:for init-args := (cddr binding)
:collect `(,symbol (make-instance ',class ,.init-args)) :into lets
:collect `(,name (&rest args) (apply ',symbol args)) :into flets
:collect symbol :into ignorables
:finally
(return
`(let ,lets
(declare (ignorable ,@ignorables))
(flet ,flets ,@body)))))
哪个也行不通。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
因此,我们希望f
的值是可操作的对象,因此像(setf (state-of f) new-state)
这样的东西可以工作,但也是f
的宏定义,因此{{1} }扩展为(f 1 2 3)
。我们先写一些直接代码。首先,你的(funcall f 1 2 3)
定义,但有一个稍微不同的funcallable实例函数,以便我们可以传入一些参数并查看它们是什么:
func
然后,我们可以编写我们希望(defclass func ()
((state :initarg :state :accessor state-of))
(:metaclass sb-mop:funcallable-standard-class))
(defmethod initialize-instance :after ((this func) &rest initargs)
(declare (ignore initargs))
(sb-mop:set-funcallable-instance-function
this (lambda (&rest args)
(format t "~&I am: ~s, my state is: ~s, my args were ~s" this (state-of this) args))))
扩展到的代码。如输出所示,头部位置的funcallable-let
最终是对funcallable实例的调用,但非头部位置的f
是一个将funcallable实例作为值的变量,因此您可以例如,f
:
(setf (state-of f) new-state)
这似乎很好。现在我们只需要将其宏观化:
(let ((f (make-instance 'func :state 34)))
(macrolet ((f (&rest args)
`(funcall f ,@args)))
(f 1 2 3)
(setf (state-of f) 89)
(f 4 5 6)))
; I am: #<FUNC {1002A0B329}>, my state is: 34, my args were (1 2 3)
; I am: #<FUNC {1002A0B329}>, my state is: 89, my args were (4 5 6)
宏观扩张看起来是正确的:
(defmacro funcallable-let (bindings &body body)
`(let (,@(loop :for (name . initargs) :in bindings
:collect `(,name (make-instance 'func ,@initargs))))
(macrolet (,@(loop :for (name . initargs) :in bindings
:collect `(,name (&rest args)
`(funcall ,',name ,@args))))
,@body)))
行为似乎正确(您可以使用CL-USER> (pprint (macroexpand '(funcallable-let ((f :state 34))
(f 1 2 3))))
(LET ((F (MAKE-INSTANCE 'FUNC :STATE 34)))
(MACROLET ((F (&REST ARGS)
`(FUNCALL F ,@ARGS)))
(F 1 2 3)))
或(f ...)
致电,您可以(funcall f ...)
:
(setf (state-of f) ...)
答案 1 :(得分:1)
我不确定你要做什么,但也许这个?
(defmacro funcallable-let (bindings &body body)
(let ((gensyms (loop repeat (length bindings) collect (gensym))))
`(let ,(loop for (name value) in bindings and g in gensyms
collect `(,g ,value))
(flet ,(loop for (name value) in bindings and g in gensyms
collect `(,name (&rest args) (apply ,g args)))
,@body))))
样本用法:
(funcallable-let ((foo (make-instance 'some-funcallable-class :initargs ...)))
(foo ...))
答案 2 :(得分:1)
对于类似的问题,请参阅CLtL2的GENERIC-FLET
和GENERIC-LABELS
以及为什么在ANSI Common Lisp中将其删除。
http://www.lispworks.com/documentation/HyperSpec/Issues/iss181_w.htm