代码

Question

我的属性绑定数据访问类有一个小问题（更像是烦恼）。问题是当读取器中没有列中的相应属性时，映射会失败。

代码

这是mapper类：

// Map our datareader object to a strongly typed list
private static IList<T> Map<T>(DbDataReader dr) where T : new()
{
    try
    {
        // initialize our returnable list
        List<T> list = new List<T>();
        // fire up the lamda mapping
        var converter = new Converter<T>();
        while (dr.Read())
        {
            // read in each row, and properly map it to our T object
            var obj = converter.CreateItemFromRow(dr);
            // add it to our list
            list.Add(obj);
        }
        // reutrn it
        return list;
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {    
        return default(List<T>);
    }
}

转换器类：

/// <summary>
/// Converter class to convert returned Sql Records to strongly typed classes
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Type of the object we'll convert too</typeparam>
internal class Converter<T> where T : new()
{
    // Concurrent Dictionay objects
    private static ConcurrentDictionary<Type, object> _convertActionMap = new ConcurrentDictionary<Type, object>();
    // Delegate action declaration
    private Action<IDataReader, T> _convertAction;

    // Build our mapping based on the properties in the class/type we've passed in to the class
    private static Action<IDataReader, T> GetMapFunc()
    {
        var exps = new List<Expression>();
        var paramExp = Expression.Parameter(typeof(IDataReader), "o7thDR");
        var targetExp = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "o7thTarget");
        var getPropInfo = typeof(IDataRecord).GetProperty("Item", new[] { typeof(string) });
        var _props = typeof(T).GetProperties();
        foreach (var property in _props)
        {

            var getPropExp = Expression.MakeIndex(paramExp, getPropInfo, new[] { Expression.Constant(property.Name, typeof(string)) });
            var castExp = Expression.TypeAs(getPropExp, property.PropertyType);
            var bindExp = Expression.Assign(Expression.Property(targetExp, property), castExp);
            exps.Add(bindExp);

        }
        // return our compiled mapping, this will ensure it is cached to use through our record looping
        return Expression.Lambda<Action<IDataReader, T>>(Expression.Block(exps), new[] { paramExp, targetExp }).Compile();
    }

    internal Converter()
    {
        // Fire off our mapping functionality
        _convertAction = (Action<IDataReader, T>)_convertActionMap.GetOrAdd(typeof(T), (t) => GetMapFunc());
    }

    internal T CreateItemFromRow(IDataReader dataReader)
    {
        T result = new T();
        _convertAction(dataReader, result);
        return result;
    }
}

异常

System.IndexOutOfRangeException {"Mileage"}

堆栈跟踪

at System.Data.ProviderBase.FieldNameLookup.GetOrdinal(String fieldName)
at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader.GetOrdinal(String name)
at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader.get_Item(String name)
at lambda_method(Closure , IDataReader , Typing )
at o7th.Class.Library.Data.Converter`1.CreateItemFromRow(IDataReader dataReader) in d:\Backup Folder\Development\o7th Web Design\o7th.Class.Library.C-Sharp\o7th.Class.Library\Data Access Object\Converter.cs:line 50
at o7th.Class.Library.Data.Wrapper.Map[T](DbDataReader dr) in d:\Backup Folder\Development\o7th Web Design\o7th.Class.Library.C-Sharp\o7th.Class.Library\Data Access Object\Wrapper.cs:line 33

问题

如何修复它，以便当我有一个读者可能没有列的额外属性时它不会失败，反之亦然？当然，快速创可贴只是在示例中简单地将NULL As Mileage添加到此查询中，但是，这不是解决问题的方法：）

这是Map<T>使用反射：

// Map our datareader object to a strongly typed list
private static IList<T> Map<T>(DbDataReader dr) where T : new()
{
    try
    {
        // initialize our returnable list
        List<T> list = new List<T>();
        T item = new T();
        PropertyInfo[] properties = (item.GetType()).GetProperties();
        while (dr.Read()) {
            int fc = dr.FieldCount;
            for (int j = 0; j < fc; ++j) {
                var pn = properties[j].Name;
                var gn = dr.GetName(j);
                if (gn == pn) {
                    properties[j].SetValue(item, dr[j], null);
                }
            }
            list.Add(item);
        }
        // return it
        return list;
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        // Catch an exception if any, an write it out to our logging mechanism, in addition to adding it our returnable message property
        _Msg += "Wrapper.Map Exception: " + ex.Message;
        ErrorReporting.WriteEm.WriteItem(ex, "o7th.Class.Library.Data.Wrapper.Map", _Msg);
        // make sure this method returns a default List
        return default(List<T>);
    }
}

注意： 此方法比使用表达式树慢63％...

Answer 1

如评论中所述，问题是阅读器中没有指定属性的列。我们的想法是首先按读者的列名循环，然后检查匹配属性是否存在。但是如何预先获得列名列表呢？

一个想法是使用表达式树本身来构建阅读器中的列名列表，并根据类的属性进行检查。像这样的东西

var paramExp = Expression.Parameter(typeof(IDataRecord), "o7thDR");

var loopIncrementVariableExp = Expression.Parameter(typeof(int), "i");
var columnNamesExp = Expression.Parameter(typeof(List<string>), "columnNames");

var columnCountExp = Expression.Property(paramExp, "FieldCount");
var getColumnNameExp = Expression.Call(paramExp, "GetName", Type.EmptyTypes, 
    Expression.PostIncrementAssign(loopIncrementVariableExp));
var addToListExp = Expression.Call(columnNamesExp, "Add", Type.EmptyTypes, 
    getColumnNameExp);
var labelExp = Expression.Label(columnNamesExp.Type);

var getColumnNamesExp = Expression.Block(
    new[] { loopIncrementVariableExp, columnNamesExp },
    Expression.Assign(columnNamesExp, Expression.New(columnNamesExp.Type)),
    Expression.Loop(
        Expression.IfThenElse(
            Expression.LessThan(loopIncrementVariableExp, columnCountExp),
            addToListExp,
            Expression.Break(labelExp, columnNamesExp)),
        labelExp));

将等同于

List<string> columnNames = new List<string>();
for (int i = 0; i < reader.FieldCount; i++)
{
    columnNames.Add(reader.GetName(i));
}

人们可能会继续最后的表达，但是这里有一个问题，在这条线上做出任何进一步的努力是徒劳的。上面的表达式树将在每次调用最终委托时获取列名称，在您的情况下，每个对象创建都是如此，这违背了您的要求。

另一种方法是让转换器类通过属性（see for an example）或维护静态字典（{{{}来预定义给定类型的列名。 1}}）。虽然它提供了更大的灵活性，但另一方面，您的查询不必总是包含表的所有列名，任何Dictionary<Type, IEnumerable<string>>都会导致异常。

我看到的最佳方法是从reader对象中获取列名，但只获取一次。我会重写这样的事情：

reader[notInTheQueryButOnlyInTheTableColumn]

现在提出一个问题，为什么不将数据读取器直接传递给构造函数？那会更好。

private static List<string> columnNames;

private static Action<IDataReader, T> GetMapFunc()
{
    var exps = new List<Expression>();

    var paramExp = Expression.Parameter(typeof(IDataRecord), "o7thDR");
    var targetExp = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "o7thTarget");

    var getPropInfo = typeof(IDataRecord).GetProperty("Item", new[] { typeof(string) });

    foreach (var columnName in columnNames)
    {
        var property = typeof(T).GetProperty(columnName);
        if (property == null)
            continue;

        // use 'columnName' instead of 'property.Name' to speed up reader lookups
        //in case of certain readers.
        var columnNameExp = Expression.Constant(columnName);
        var getPropExp = Expression.MakeIndex(
            paramExp, getPropInfo, new[] { columnNameExp });
        var castExp = Expression.TypeAs(getPropExp, property.PropertyType);
        var bindExp = Expression.Assign(
            Expression.Property(targetExp, property), castExp);
        exps.Add(bindExp);
    }

    return Expression.Lambda<Action<IDataReader, T>>(
        Expression.Block(exps), paramExp, targetExp).Compile();
}

internal T CreateItemFromRow(IDataReader dataReader)
{
    if (columnNames == null)
    {
        columnNames = Enumerable.Range(0, dataReader.FieldCount)
                                .Select(x => dataReader.GetName(x))
                                .ToList();
        _convertAction = (Action<IDataReader, T>)_convertActionMap.GetOrAdd(
            typeof(T), (t) => GetMapFunc());
    }

    T result = new T();
    _convertAction(dataReader, result);
    return result;
}

称之为

private IDataReader dataReader;

private Action<IDataReader, T> GetMapFunc()
{
    var exps = new List<Expression>();

    var paramExp = Expression.Parameter(typeof(IDataRecord), "o7thDR");
    var targetExp = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "o7thTarget");

    var getPropInfo = typeof(IDataRecord).GetProperty("Item", new[] { typeof(string) });

    var columnNames = Enumerable.Range(0, dataReader.FieldCount)
                                .Select(x => dataReader.GetName(x));
    foreach (var columnName in columnNames)
    {
        var property = typeof(T).GetProperty(columnName);
        if (property == null)
            continue;

        // use 'columnName' instead of 'property.Name' to speed up reader lookups
        //in case of certain readers.
        var columnNameExp = Expression.Constant(columnName);
        var getPropExp = Expression.MakeIndex(
            paramExp, getPropInfo, new[] { columnNameExp });
        var castExp = Expression.TypeAs(getPropExp, property.PropertyType);
        var bindExp = Expression.Assign(
            Expression.Property(targetExp, property), castExp);
        exps.Add(bindExp);
    }

    return Expression.Lambda<Action<IDataReader, T>>(
        Expression.Block(exps), paramExp, targetExp).Compile();
}

internal Converter(IDataReader dataReader)
{
    this.dataReader = dataReader;
    _convertAction = (Action<IDataReader, T>)_convertActionMap.GetOrAdd(
        typeof(T), (t) => GetMapFunc());
}

internal T CreateItemFromRow()
{
    T result = new T();
    _convertAction(dataReader, result);
    return result;
}

但我可以提出一些改进建议。

您在List<T> list = new List<T>(); var converter = new Converter<T>(dr); while (dr.Read()) { var obj = converter.CreateItemFromRow(); list.Add(obj); }中调用的通用new T()较慢，it uses reflection behind the scenes。您也可以将该部分委托给表达式树which should be faster
现在CreateItemFromRow调用不区分大小写，这意味着您的列名必须与属性名称完全匹配。我会使用其中一个GetProperty。
我完全不确定你在这里使用Bindings.Flag作为缓存机制的原因。 A static field in a generic class <T> will be unique for every T。通用字段本身可以充当缓存。另外，ConcurrentDictionary类Value的{{1}}部分也是为什么？
正如我之前所说，强制绑定类型和列名称（通过每个类型缓存一个特定的ConcurrentDictionary委托来执行此操作并不是最好的）。即使是相同的类型，您的查询也可以选择不同的列集。最好留给数据读者来决定。
使用object代替Action进行Expression.Convert的值类型转换。
另请注意reader.GetOrdinal is much faster way to perform data reader lookups.

我会重写整个事情：

Expression.TypeAs

列表<t>映射</t>的通用DbDataReader

代码

异常

堆栈跟踪

问题

1 个答案: