Question

所以我在linux终端上编写程序，我的程序有两个部分。第一部分是划分，第二部分是计算某些数字的MOD。退出第一部分的方法是将999放入任何一个输入中以进行除法。

我的问题是，即使用户输入999作为第一个输入，用户也必须输入第二个数字。我想知道这些是不是像windows中的那样你可以在linux中执行goto：someOtherLocation。这是代码：

echo "Enter the number to divide (dividend) (enter 999 to quit):"
read numberOne
[IF NUMBERONE = 999, JUMP TO SECONDPART]
echo "Enter the number to divide (divisor) (enter 999 to quit):"
read numberTwo

while [ "$numberOne" -ne '999' ] && [ "$numberTwo" -ne '999' ]
do
    while [ "$numberTwo" -eq 0 ]
    do
    echo "You cannot divide by 0, please enter another number:"
    read numberTwo
    done

RESULT=$(echo "$numberOne/$numberTwo" | bc -l)
echo $numberOne / $numberTwo = $RESULT
echo $numberOne / $numberTwo = $RESULT >> results.txt
echo "Enter the number to divide (dividend) (enter 999 to quit):"
read numberOne
echo "Enter the number to divide (divisor) (enter 999 to quit):"
read numberTwo
done

SECONDPART

counter=1
totalCount=0
temporal=0

while [ "$counter" -lt '101' ]
do
temporal=$( expr $counter % 5)
echo $counter MOD 5 = $temporal
echo $counter MOD 5 = $temporal >> results.txt
totalCount=$(echo "$totalCount+$temporal" | bc -l)
counter=$(echo "$counter+1" | bc -l)
done

average=$(echo "$totalCount/100" | bc -l)
echo The average of all the MODs is $average >> results.txt

如上所示，如果输入为999，我想直接从输入跳转到第二部分。

Answer 1

像sh和bash这样的Bourne shell没有GOTO语句。这是considered harmful。

相反，使用结构化流程控制，如if语句：

echo "Enter the number to divide (dividend) (enter 999 to quit):"
read numberOne
if [ "$numberOne" -ne 999 ]
then
  echo "Enter the number to divide (divisor) (enter 999 to quit):"
  read numberTwo

  while [ "$numberOne" -ne '999' ] && [ "$numberTwo" -ne '999' ]
  do
      while [ "$numberTwo" -eq 0 ]
      do
      echo "You cannot divide by 0, please enter another number:"
      read numberTwo
      done

      RESULT=$(echo "$numberOne/$numberTwo" | bc -l)
      echo $numberOne / $numberTwo = $RESULT
      echo $numberOne / $numberTwo = $RESULT >> results.txt
      echo "Enter the number to divide (dividend) (enter 999 to quit):"
      read numberOne
      if [ "$numberOne" -ne 999 ]
      then
          echo "Enter the number to divide (divisor) (enter 999 to quit):"
          read numberTwo
      fi
  done
fi

counter=1
totalCount=0
temporal=0

while [ "$counter" -lt '101' ]
do
    temporal=$( expr $counter % 5)
    echo $counter MOD 5 = $temporal
    echo $counter MOD 5 = $temporal >> results.txt
    totalCount=$(echo "$totalCount+$temporal" | bc -l)
    counter=$(echo "$counter+1" | bc -l)
done

average=$(echo "$totalCount/100" | bc -l)
echo The average of all the MODs is $average >> results.txt

它可能看起来比一个简单的goto更尴尬，但是当你利用更结构化的控制流时，代码变得更容易阅读和遵循：

readNumber() {
  local number
  read -p "$1" number
  [ "$number" -ne 999 ] && echo "$number"
}

while one=$(readNumber "Enter dividend or 999 to quit: ") && \
      two=$(readNumber "Enter divisor or 999 to quit: ")
do
    echo "$one / $two = $(echo "$one / $two" | bc -l)" | tee results.txt
done

这一直要求分数，直到用户为其中任何一个输入999。

Answer 2

您也可以这样做（bash示例）：

#!/bin/bash

secondpart() {
    echo "Hello"
}

read x
if [ $x -eq 999 ]
then
    secondpart
else 
    echo "Bye"
fi

现在，当您运行代码时，如果您的输入为999，则程序将返回Hello，否则返回将为Bye。

类似于linux上的goto

2 个答案: