这是我的方法。请注意,我将返回泛型参数R
的等效可空类型:
public static Nullable<R> GetValue<T, R>(this T a, Expression<Func<T, R>> expression)
where T : Attribute
where R : struct
{
if (a == null)
return null;
PropertyInfo p = GetProperty(expression);
if (p == null)
return null;
return (R)p.GetValue(a, null);
}
我可以在调用中使用它来获取如下属性的值:
//I don't throw exceptions for invalid or missing calls
//because I want to chain the calls together:
int maximumLength4 = instance.GetProperty(x => x.ToString())
.GetAttribute<StringLengthAttribute>()
.GetValue(x => x.MaximumLength)
.GetValueOrDefault(50);
我想对字符串使用相同的泛型方法:
//I'd like to use the GetValue generic method with strings as well as integers
string erroMessage = instance.GetProperty(x => x.ToString())
.GetAttribute<StringLengthAttribute>()
.GetValue(x => x.ErrorMessage);
但它不会编译:
类型“R”必须是不可为空的值类型才能将其用作 泛型类型或方法'System.Nullable'
中的参数'T'无法隐式转换类型'string?' 'string'
我是否可以使用任何技巧在此处获取相同的方法签名,并获得泛型以将返回类型推断为可以为null的返回类型?
这是一些测试代码,表明它适用于整数值:
//[StringLength(256)]
//public string Name { get; set; }
PropertyInfo info = ReflectionAPI.GetProperty<Organisation, String>(x => x.Name);//not null
StringLengthAttribute attr = info.GetAttribute<StringLengthAttribute>();//not null
int? maximumLength = attr.GetValue(x => x.MaximumLength);//256
int? minimumLength = attr.GetValue(x => x.MinimumLength);//0
PropertyInfo info2 = ReflectionAPI.GetProperty<Organisation, int>(x => x.ID);//not null
StringLengthAttribute attr2 = info2.GetAttribute<StringLengthAttribute>();//null because ID doesn't have the attribute
int? maximumLength2 = attr2.GetValue(x => x.MaximumLength);//null
int? minimumLength2 = attr2.GetValue(x => x.MinimumLength);//null
//I can use the GetProperty extension method on an instance
Organisation instance = (Organisation)null;
PropertyInfo info3 = instance.GetProperty(x => x.ToString());//null because its a method call not a property
StringLengthAttribute attr3 = info3.GetAttribute<StringLengthAttribute>();//null
int? maximumLength3 = attr3.GetValue(x => x.MaximumLength);//null
int? minimumLength3 = attr3.GetValue(x => x.MinimumLength);//null
这是我ReflectionAPI
的剩余部分:
public static class ReflectionAPI
{
public static Nullable<R> GetValue<T, R>(this T a, Expression<Func<T, R>> expression)
where T : Attribute
{
if (a == null)
return null;
PropertyInfo p = GetProperty(expression);
if (p == null)
return null;
return (R)p.GetValue(a, null);
}
public static T GetAttribute<T>(this PropertyInfo p) where T : Attribute
{
if (p == null)
return null;
return p.GetCustomAttributes(false).OfType<T>().LastOrDefault();
}
public static PropertyInfo GetProperty<T, R>(Expression<Func<T, R>> expression)
{
if (expression == null)
return null;
MemberExpression memberExpression = expression.Body as MemberExpression;
if (memberExpression == null)
return null;
return memberExpression.Member as PropertyInfo;
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:5)
不,没有单独的签名可以做到这一点 - 没有办法说“R
的可空类型,R
本身是参考类型,或Nullable<R>
对于不可为空的值类型“。
您可以使用不同的方法,每个方法对R
都有不同的约束 - 但是您必须提供不同的名称,或者按类型使用horrible hacks 有效重载参数约束。
为了简单起见,我怀疑你基本上应该有两个不同的方法名称。所以签名:
public static Nullable<R> GetValue<T, R>(this T a, Expression<Func<T, R>> expression)
where T : Attribute
where R : struct
public static R GetReference<T, R>(this T a, Expression<Func<T, R>> expression)
where T : Attribute
where R : class
两个旁白:
T
开头,例如TInput
和TResult
GetValue
使用表达式树?为什么不采取Func<T, R>
并执行它? 作为第二个要点的一个例子:
public static Nullable<R> GetValue<T, R>(this T a, Func<T, R> func)
where T : Attribute
where R : struct
{
if (a == null)
return null;
return func(a);
}