Question

将一个3d变换应用到UIImageView.layer之后，我需要将生成的“视图”保存为一个新的UIImage ......起初看起来像一个简单的任务:-)但到目前为止没有运气，并且搜索没有'提出任何线索:-(所以我希望有人能够指出我正确的方向。

可以使用一个非常简单的iPhone项目here。

感谢。

- (void)transformImage {
    float degrees = 12.0;
    float zDistance = 250;
    CATransform3D transform3D = CATransform3DIdentity;
    transform3D.m34 = 1.0 / zDistance; // the m34 cell of the matrix controls perspective, and zDistance affects the "sharpness" of the transform
    transform3D = CATransform3DRotate(transform3D, DEGREES_TO_RADIANS(degrees), 1, 0, 0); // perspective transform on y-axis
    imageView.layer.transform = transform3D;
}

/* FAIL : capturing layer contents doesn't get the transformed image -- just the original

CGImageRef newImageRef = (CGImageRef)imageView.layer.contents;

UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:newImageRef];

*/


/* FAIL : docs for renderInContext states that it does not render 3D transforms

UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(imageView.image.size);

[imageView.layer renderInContext:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()];

UIImage *image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();

UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

*/
//
// header
//
#import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>
#define DEGREES_TO_RADIANS(x) x * M_PI / 180
UIImageView *imageView;
@property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UIImageView *imageView;

//
// code
//
@synthesize imageView;

- (void)transformImage {
    float degrees = 12.0;
    float zDistance = 250;
    CATransform3D transform3D = CATransform3DIdentity;
    transform3D.m34 = 1.0 / zDistance; // the m34 cell of the matrix controls perspective, and zDistance affects the "sharpness" of the transform
    transform3D = CATransform3DRotate(transform3D, DEGREES_TO_RADIANS(degrees), 1, 0, 0); // perspective transform on y-axis
    imageView.layer.transform = transform3D;
}

- (UIImage *)captureView:(UIImageView *)view {
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(view.frame.size);
    [view.layer renderInContext:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()];
    UIImage *newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
    return newImage;
}

- (void)imageSavedToPhotosAlbum:(UIImage *)image didFinishSavingWithError:(NSError *)error contextInfo:(void *)contextInfo {
    NSString *title = @"Save to Photo Album";
    NSString *message = (error ? [error description] : @"Success!");
    UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title message:message delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"OK" otherButtonTitles:nil];
    [alert show];
    [alert release];
}

- (IBAction)saveButtonClicked:(id)sender {
    UIImage *newImage = [self captureView:imageView];
    UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum(newImage, self, @selector(imageSavedToPhotosAlbum: didFinishSavingWithError: contextInfo:), nil);  
}

Answer 1

我最终使用视图转换的反转在CPU上为每个像素创建一个渲染方法像素。

基本上，它将原始的UIImageView呈现为UIImage。然后，UIImage中的每个像素乘以逆变换矩阵，以生成变换后的UIImage。

RenderUIImageView.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <QuartzCore/CATransform3D.h>
#import <QuartzCore/CALayer.h>

@interface RenderUIImageView : UIImageView

- (UIImage *)generateImage;

@end

RenderUIImageView.m

#import "RenderUIImageView.h"

@interface RenderUIImageView()

@property (assign) CATransform3D transform;
@property (assign) CGRect rect;

@property (assign) float denominatorx;
@property (assign) float denominatory;
@property (assign) float denominatorw;

@property (assign) float factor;

@end

@implementation RenderUIImageView


- (UIImage *)generateImage
{

    _transform = self.layer.transform;

    _denominatorx = _transform.m12 * _transform.m21 - _transform.m11  * _transform.m22 + _transform.m14 * _transform.m22 * _transform.m41 - _transform.m12 * _transform.m24 * _transform.m41 - _transform.m14 * _transform.m21 * _transform.m42 +
    _transform.m11 * _transform.m24 * _transform.m42;

    _denominatory = -_transform.m12 *_transform.m21 + _transform.m11 *_transform.m22 - _transform.m14 *_transform.m22 *_transform.m41 + _transform.m12 *_transform.m24 *_transform.m41 + _transform.m14 *_transform.m21 *_transform.m42 -
    _transform.m11* _transform.m24 *_transform.m42;

    _denominatorw = _transform.m12 *_transform.m21 - _transform.m11 *_transform.m22 + _transform.m14 *_transform.m22 *_transform.m41 - _transform.m12 *_transform.m24 *_transform.m41 - _transform.m14 *_transform.m21 *_transform.m42 +
    _transform.m11 *_transform.m24 *_transform.m42;

    _rect = self.bounds;

    if (UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions != NULL) {

        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(_rect.size, NO, 0.0);
    } else {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(_rect.size);
    }

    if ([[UIScreen mainScreen] respondsToSelector:@selector(displayLinkWithTarget:selector:)] &&
        ([UIScreen mainScreen].scale == 2.0)) {
        _factor = 2.0f;
    } else {
        _factor = 1.0f;
    }


    UIImageView *img = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:_rect];
    img.image = self.image;

    [img.layer renderInContext:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()];
    UIImage *source = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

    CGContextRef ctx;
    CGImageRef imageRef = [source CGImage];
    NSUInteger width = CGImageGetWidth(imageRef);
    NSUInteger height = CGImageGetHeight(imageRef);
    CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();

    unsigned char *inputData = malloc(height * width * 4);
    unsigned char *outputData = malloc(height * width * 4);

    NSUInteger bytesPerPixel = 4;
    NSUInteger bytesPerRow = bytesPerPixel * width;
    NSUInteger bitsPerComponent = 8;

    CGContextRef context = CGBitmapContextCreate(inputData, width, height,
                                                 bitsPerComponent, bytesPerRow, colorSpace,
                                                 kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast | kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big);
    CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);
    CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectMake(0, 0, width, height), imageRef);
    CGContextRelease(context);

    context = CGBitmapContextCreate(outputData, width, height,
                                    bitsPerComponent, bytesPerRow, colorSpace,
                                    kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast | kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big);
    CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);
    CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectMake(0, 0, width, height), imageRef);
    CGContextRelease(context);


    for (int ii = 0 ; ii < width * height ; ++ii)
    {
        int x = ii % width;
        int y = ii / width;
        int indexOutput = 4 * x + 4 * width * y;

        CGPoint p = [self modelToScreen:(x*2/_factor - _rect.size.width)/2.0 :(y*2/_factor - _rect.size.height)/2.0];

        p.x *= _factor;
        p.y *= _factor;

        int indexInput = 4*(int)p.x + (4*width*(int)p.y);

        if (p.x >= width || p.x < 0 || p.y >= height || p.y < 0 || indexInput >  width * height *4)
        {
            outputData[indexOutput] = 0.0;
            outputData[indexOutput+1] = 0.0;
            outputData[indexOutput+2] = 0.0;
            outputData[indexOutput+3] = 0.0;

        }
        else
        {
            outputData[indexOutput] = inputData[indexInput];
            outputData[indexOutput+1] = inputData[indexInput + 1];
            outputData[indexOutput+2] = inputData[indexInput + 2];
            outputData[indexOutput+3] = 255.0;
        }
    }

    ctx = CGBitmapContextCreate(outputData,CGImageGetWidth( imageRef ),CGImageGetHeight( imageRef ),8,CGImageGetBytesPerRow( imageRef ),CGImageGetColorSpace( imageRef ), kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast );

    imageRef = CGBitmapContextCreateImage (ctx);

    UIImage* rawImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:imageRef];
    CGContextRelease(ctx);
    free(inputData);
    free(outputData);
    return rawImage;
}

- (CGPoint) modelToScreen : (float) x: (float) y
{
    float xp = (_transform.m22 *_transform.m41 - _transform.m21 *_transform.m42 - _transform.m22* x + _transform.m24 *_transform.m42 *x + _transform.m21* y - _transform.m24* _transform.m41* y) / _denominatorx;        
    float yp = (-_transform.m11 *_transform.m42 + _transform.m12 * (_transform.m41 - x) + _transform.m14 *_transform.m42 *x + _transform.m11 *y - _transform.m14 *_transform.m41* y) / _denominatory;        
    float wp = (_transform.m12 *_transform.m21 - _transform.m11 *_transform.m22 + _transform.m14*_transform.m22* x - _transform.m12 *_transform.m24* x - _transform.m14 *_transform.m21* y + _transform.m11 *_transform.m24 *y) / _denominatorw;

    CGPoint result = CGPointMake(xp/wp, yp/wp);
    return result;
}

@end

Answer 2

理论上，你可以在黑色背景上快速渲染到屏幕后使用（现在允许的）未记录的调用UIGetScreenImage（），但实际上这将是缓慢而丑陋的，所以不要使用它; P。

Answer 3

我和你有同样的问题，我找到了解决方案！我想旋转UIImageView，因为我会有动画。并保存图像，我使用这种方法：

void CGContextConcatCTM(CGContextRef c, CGAffineTransform transform)

变换参数是UIImageView的变换！因此，您对imageView所做的任何事情都与图像相同！我已经写了一个UIImage的类别方法。

-(UIImage *)imageRotateByTransform:(CGAffineTransform)transform{
// calculate the size of the rotated view's containing box for our drawing space
UIView *rotatedViewBox = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0,0,self.size.width, self.size.height)];
rotatedViewBox.transform = transform;
CGSize rotatedSize = rotatedViewBox.frame.size;
[rotatedViewBox release];

// Create the bitmap context
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(rotatedSize);
CGContextRef bitmap = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();

// Move the origin to the middle of the image so we will rotate and scale around the center.
CGContextTranslateCTM(bitmap, rotatedSize.width/2, rotatedSize.height/2);

//Rotate the image context using tranform
CGContextConcatCTM(bitmap, transform);
// Now, draw the rotated/scaled image into the context
CGContextScaleCTM(bitmap, 1.0, -1.0);
CGContextDrawImage(bitmap, CGRectMake(-self.size.width / 2, -self.size.height / 2, self.size.width, self.size.height), [self CGImage]);

UIImage *newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
return newImage;

}

希望这会对你有所帮助。

Answer 4

你有看过这个吗？ UIImage from UIView

Answer 5

我有同样的问题，我能够使用UIView的drawViewHierarchyInRect：afterScreenUpdates：方法，来自iOS 7.0 - （Documentation）

它绘制了屏幕上显示的整个树。

UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(viewToRender.bounds.size, YES, 0);
[viewToRender drawViewHierarchyInRect:viewToRender.bounds afterScreenUpdates:YES];
UIImage *image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

Answer 6

在captureView:方法中，尝试替换此行：

[view.layer renderInContext:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()];

用这个：

[view.layer.superlayer renderInContext:UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()];

您可能需要调整用于创建图像上下文的大小。

我在API文档中没有看到任何说明renderInContext的内容：忽略3D转换。但是，转换适用于图层，而不是其内容，这就是为什么需要渲染超层以查看应用的转换。

请注意，在超级视图上调用drawRect:肯定无效，因为drawRect:不会绘制子视图。

Answer 7

UIImage / CGImageRef上的3D变换

我改进了Marcos Fuentes的答案。你应该能够自己计算每个像素的映射。不完美，但它可以解决问题......

此库http://github.com/hfossli/AGGeometryKit/

可用

有趣的文件是

https://github.com/hfossli/AGGeometryKit/blob/master/Source/AGTransformPixelMapper.m

https://github.com/hfossli/AGGeometryKit/blob/master/Source/CGImageRef%2BCATransform3D.m

https://github.com/hfossli/AGGeometryKit/blob/master/Source/UIImage%2BCATransform3D.m

UIView / UIImageView上的3D变换

https://stackoverflow.com/a/12820877/202451

然后您将完全控制四边形中的每个点。：）

Answer 8

假设您有一个名为 imageView 的 UIImageView。如果您应用 3d 变换并尝试使用 UIGraphicsImageRenderer 渲染此视图，则会忽略变换。

imageView.layer.transform = someTransform3d

但是如果您使用 CATransform3DGetAffineTransform 将 CATransform3d 转换为 CGAffine 变换并将其应用于图像视图的变换属性，则它可以工作。

 imageView.transform = CATransform3DGetAffineTransform(someTransform3d)

然后，您可以使用下面的扩展程序将其保存为 UIImage

extension UIView {
    func asImage() -> UIImage {
        let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(bounds: bounds)
        return renderer.image { rendererContext in
            layer.render(in: rendererContext.cgContext)
        }
    }
}

然后打电话

let image = imageView.asImage()

Answer 9

我发现至少在我的案例中工作的解决方案是继承CALayer。当renderInContext:消息发送到图层时，该图层会自动将该消息转发给其所有子图层。所以我所要做的就是继承CALayer并覆盖renderInContext:方法并渲染我需要在提供的上下文中呈现的内容。

例如，在我的代码中，我有一个图层，我将其内容设置为箭头图像：

UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"arrow.png"];
MYLayer *myLayer = [[CALayer alloc] init];
[myLayer setContents:(__bridge id)[image CGImage]];
[self.mainLayer addSublayer:myLayer];

现在当我在箭头上的Y轴上应用3D 180度旋转并且之后尝试做[self.mainLayer renderInContext:context]时，我仍然得到未旋转的图像。

所以在我的子类MyLayer中，我覆盖renderInContext:并使用已旋转的图像在提供的上下文中绘制：

- (void)renderInContext:(CGContextRef)ctx
{
    NSLog(@"Rendered in context");
    UIImage *image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"arrow_rotated.png"];
    CGContextDrawImage(ctx, self.bounds, image.CGImage);
}

这适用于我的情况，但是我可以看到，如果你正在进行大量的3D变换，你可能无法为每种可能的场景准备好图像。在许多其他情况下，尽管应该可以在传递的上下文中使用2D变换来渲染3D变换的结果。例如，在我的情况下，我不是使用不同的图像arrow_rotated.png，而是使用arrow.png图像并对其进行镜像并在上下文中绘制。

如何从3D转换的UIImageView创建/渲染UIImage？

9 个答案: