我在Windows上使用带有MSVC2010的Boost.Python 1.54,我在从python中存储指向第二类中的一个类的指针时遇到问题,并检索它。它似乎以某种方式改变了数据类型。
这是我的课程:
typedef unsigned int uint_t;
struct classA {
int intval;
unsigned int bitfield_member:1;
};
struct Collection {
classA * class_a_ptr;
};
这是我如何将它们暴露给python(这些代码中的一些最初是由Py ++自动生成的,但我从那以后手工编辑过它):
#include <boost/python.hpp>
#include <boost/python/module.hpp>
#include <boost/python/def.hpp>
#include <boost/python/return_value_policy.hpp>
#include <boost/python/manage_new_object.hpp>
namespace bp = boost::python;
struct Collection_wrapper : Collection, bp::wrapper< Collection > {
Collection_wrapper(Collection const & arg )
: Collection( arg )
, bp::wrapper< Collection >(){
// copy constructor
}
Collection_wrapper()
: Collection()
, bp::wrapper< Collection >(){
// null constructor
}
static ::classA * get_class_a_ptr(Collection const & inst ){
return inst.class_a_ptr;
}
static void set_class_a_ptr( Collection & inst, ::classA * new_value ){
inst.class_a_ptr = new_value;
}
};
struct classA_wrapper : classA, bp::wrapper< classA > {
classA_wrapper(classA const & arg )
: classA( arg )
, bp::wrapper< classA >(){
// copy constructor
}
classA_wrapper()
: classA()
, bp::wrapper< classA >(){
// null constructor
}
::uint_t get_bitfield_member() const {
return bitfield_member;
}
void set_bitfield_member( ::uint_t new_value ){
bitfield_member = new_value;
}
};
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(render_lib_ext)
{
using namespace bp;
{ //::Collection
typedef bp::class_< Collection_wrapper > Collection_exposer_t;
Collection_exposer_t Collection_exposer = Collection_exposer_t( "Collection" );
bp::scope Collection_scope( Collection_exposer );
// original version, fails
Collection_exposer.add_property( "class_a_ptr"
, bp::make_function( (::classA * (*)( ::Collection const & ))(&Collection_wrapper::get_class_a_ptr), bp::return_internal_reference< >() )
, bp::make_function( (void (*)( ::Collection &,::classA * ))(&Collection_wrapper::set_class_a_ptr), bp::with_custodian_and_ward_postcall< 1, 2 >() ) );
}
{ //::classA
typedef bp::class_< classA_wrapper > classA_exposer_t;
classA_exposer_t classA_exposer = classA_exposer_t( "classA" );
bp::scope classA_scope( classA_exposer );
classA_exposer.def_readwrite( "intval", &classA::intval );
classA_exposer.add_property( "bitfield_member"
, (::uint_t ( classA_wrapper::* )( ) const)(&classA_wrapper::get_bitfield_member)
, (void ( classA_wrapper::* )( ::uint_t ) )(&classA_wrapper::set_bitfield_member) );
}
}
这是运行它的python测试:
import unittest
import render_lib_ext as RL
class TestRenderLib(unittest.TestCase):
def test_globals(self):
coll=RL.Collection()
g = RL.classA()
g.intval=9801;
self.assertEqual(9801, g.intval)
coll.class_a_ptr = g # store pointer in collection
geg = coll.class_a_ptr # retrieve it
self.assertEqual(0, g.bitfield_member) # works
self.assertEqual(0, geg.bitfield_member) # fails with ArgumentError (type error)
self.assertEqual(9801, geg.intval) # fails! Is it not the same object?
在第一个“失败”行中失败并出现此错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test2.py", line 18, in test_globals
self.assertEqual(0, geg.bitfield_member) # fails with ArgumentError (type error)
ArgumentError: Python argument types in
None.None(classA)
did not match C++ signature:
None(struct classA_wrapper {lvalue})
这对我来说很奇怪,因为classA_wrapper扩展了classA。我究竟做错了什么?有没有不同的方法来做到这一点?我在python和c ++方面经验丰富,但这是我第一次涉足Boost.Python。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
在bitfield_member
上公开classA
属性的仿函数需要明确接受它们运行的实例。它等同于Python中的property()
方法,其中 fget 和 fset 接受self
参数。因此,将bitfield_member
getter和setter函数更改为静态,并接受classA&
作为第一个参数。
// ...
struct classA_wrapper: ...
{
// ...
static ::uint_t get_bitfield_member(classA& self)
{
return self.bitfield_member;
}
static void set_bitfield_member(classA& self, ::uint_t new_value)
{
self.bitfield_member = new_value;
}
};
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(...)
{
namespace python = boost::python;
// ...
python::class_< classA_wrapper >("classA")
.def_readwrite("intval", &classA::intval)
.add_property("bitfield_member",
&classA_wrapper::get_bitfield_member,
&classA_wrapper::set_bitfield_member)
;
}
}
虽然get_bitfield_member
和set_bitfield_member
是原始代码中的成员函数,但从classA
返回的Python class_a_ptr
对象似乎没有完全初始化其基础C ++类型。这可能是Boost.Python API中未定义行为的结果。
这个问题并没有出现在其他地方,因为:
Collection.class_a_ptr
属性的 fget 和 fset 显式接受实例参数。classA.intval
属性使用def_readwrite
,它将隐式创建 fget 和 fset ,通过make_getter/make_setter
接受该实例。以下是基于原始代码的完整示例:
#include <boost/python.hpp>
typedef unsigned int uint_t;
struct classA
{
int intval;
unsigned int bitfield_member:1;
};
struct Collection
{
classA * class_a_ptr;
};
namespace python = boost::python;
struct Collection_wrapper
: Collection, python::wrapper<Collection>
{
Collection_wrapper() {}
Collection_wrapper(const Collection& self)
: Collection(self)
{}
static ::classA* get_class_a_ptr(const Collection& self)
{
return self.class_a_ptr;
}
static void set_class_a_ptr(Collection& self, ::classA * new_value)
{
self.class_a_ptr = new_value;
}
};
struct classA_wrapper
: classA, python::wrapper<classA>
{
classA_wrapper() {}
classA_wrapper(const classA& self)
: classA(self)
{}
static ::uint_t get_bitfield_member(const classA& self)
{
return self.bitfield_member;
}
static void set_bitfield_member(classA& self, ::uint_t new_value)
{
self.bitfield_member = new_value;
}
};
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(example)
{
python::class_<Collection_wrapper>("Collection")
.add_property("class_a_ptr",
python::make_function(&Collection_wrapper::get_class_a_ptr,
python::return_internal_reference<>()),
python::make_function(&Collection_wrapper::set_class_a_ptr,
python::with_custodian_and_ward_postcall<1, 2>()))
;
python::class_<classA_wrapper>("classA")
.def_readwrite("intval", &classA::intval)
.add_property("bitfield_member",
&classA_wrapper::get_bitfield_member,
&classA_wrapper::set_bitfield_member)
;
}
及其用法:
>>> import example
>>> collection = example.Collection()
>>> a = example.classA()
>>> a.intval = 9801
>>> print a.intval
9801
>>> collection.class_a_ptr = a
>>> same_a = collection.class_a_ptr
>>> a.bitfield_member = 0
>>> print a.bitfield_member
0
>>> print same_a.bitfield_member
0
>>> same_a.bitfield_member = 1
>>> print a.bitfield_member
1
>>> print same_a.bitfield_member
1