我正在java中制作一个cookie clicker克隆来练习我的java技能,我有一个小问题,我有一些变量在main方法中声明,我想从ActionListener类访问。以下是ActionListener类的一些示例代码。 int变量(例如clicks,grandamaCost)和JTextFields(例如display,cpsDisplay)都在main方法中。我想知道如何在main方法中访问变量,以便此代码可以在其他类中工作。谢谢!
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
JButton b = (JButton) e.getSource();
button(b.getText());
}
public void button(String input) {
switch (input) {
case "Cookie":
clicks++;
display.setText("Cookies: " + clicks + "");
cpsDisplay.setText("CPS: " + cps);
break;
case "Buy grandma":
if (clicks >= grandmaCost) {
grandmas++;
clicks = clicks - grandmaCost;
grandmaCost = (int) ((.15 * grandmaCost) + grandmaCost);
cps++;
}
display.setText("Cookies: " + clicks + "");
prices[0].setText("$" + grandmaCost);
cpsDisplay.setText("CPS: " + cps);
break;
case "Buy monkey":
if (clicks >= monkeyCost) {
monkeys++;
clicks = clicks - monkeyCost;
monkeyCost = (int) ((.15 * monkeyCost) + monkeyCost);
cps = cps + 2;
}
display.setText("Cookies: " + clicks + "");
prices[1].setText("$" + monkeyCost);
cpsDisplay.setText("CPS: " + cps);
break;
case "Buy Teemo":
if (clicks >= teemoCost) {
teemos++;
clicks = clicks - teemoCost;
teemoCost = (int) ((.15 * teemoCost) + teemoCost);
cps = cps + 3;
}
display.setText("Cookies: " + clicks + "");
prices[2].setText("$" + teemoCost);
cpsDisplay.setText("CPS: " + cps);
break;
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:9)
您的变量应为fields。
字段在类的方法之外声明,通常位于类声明的正下方。可以通过类的所有方法访问字段。
也可以使用点运算符从其他类(除非它们是私有的)访问它们。
static
,则其类名用于引用它。示例强>
public class Man {
public String name; //this is a field
public static String gender = "Male"; //this is a static field
public Man(String newName) {
name = newName; //assigns the value of a field from within a method
}
}
和另一个班......
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Man bob = new Man("Bob");
System.out.println(bob.name); //referenced from object, prints Bob
System.out.println(Man.gender); //referenced from class name, prints Male
}
}
要更好地控制字段的访问权限,您可以使用getters and setters。读一读!
答案 1 :(得分:3)
public class ActionClass {
{
private static int clicks;
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
clicks++;
}
public static void setClicks(int c){
clicks = c;
}
public static int getClicks(){
return clicks;
}
}
public class AnyClass {
{
// now you have access to your clicks count .
int clicks = ActionClass.getClicks();
// set value of clicks
ActionClass.setClicks(0);
}
答案 2 :(得分:1)
在这里,我将举例说明您的需求。在此代码中,您只需将actionPerformed
添加的任何内容设置为static
即可。
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
public class testJava implements ActionListener {
protected static JButton b; // since this is static you can
// now access it in other classes
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(e.getSource() == b) {
// do stuff here
}
}
}
答案 3 :(得分:0)
使用字段及其访问器方法。示例here。
答案 4 :(得分:0)
您必须使变量公共类变量而不是方法变量,从而增加变量的范围和可见性。像这样:
public class ActionClass {
{
public string MyPublicVariable = "woot";
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
...
}
}
更流行/推荐的方法是使用getter / setter而不是明确公开变量。您可以通过公共方法访问私有变量,如:
public class ActionClass {
{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
private string MyPublicVariable = "woot";
public void setMyString(string newString){
MyPublicVariable = newString;
}
public string getMyString(){
return MyPublicVariable;
}
}
}
这样,您可以更好地控制变量的设置。
答案 5 :(得分:0)
您可以将主类实例引用传递给另一个类实例,或者注册回调。 第一种方式
Class MainClass {
private int mValue;
public void init() {
AnotherClass cla = new AnotherClass(this);
}
public void setValue(int value) {mValue = value;}
public int getValue(){return mValue;}
}
Class AnotherClass {
private MainClass mMain;
public AnotherClass(MainClass ref) {
mMain = ref;
}
public void controlValue() {
if (mMain != null) {
mMain.setValue(1);
mMain.getValue();
}
}
}
第二种方式 1.声明一个接口 2.在主类中实现此接口 3.将此实现注册到另一个类。 4.在另一个类中获取并设置值。
public interface ClassListener {
public void setValue(int value);
public int getValue();
}
public class MainClass implements ClassListener{
private int mValue;
public void registerListener() {
AnotherClass cla = new AnotherClass();
cla.registerListener(this);
}
@Override
public void setValue(int value) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
mValue = value;
}
@Override
public int getValue() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return mValue;
}
}
public class AnotherClass{
private ClassListener mListener;
public void registerListener(ClassListener listener) {
mListener = listener;
}
public void controlValue() {
if (mListener != null) {
int value = mListener.getValue();
mListener.setValue(++value);
}
}
}