使用ID

Question

我正在使用django-rest-framework来构建后端。我的列表运行正常，但（使用django-rest-framework管理屏幕）我不能通过使用外键对象的Id字段来创建对象。我希望我的配置不正确，但我愿意写一些代码，如果我必须:)我正在从.NET和Java背景学习django / python，并且可能已经成为这个新堆栈破坏的触摸。

编辑：我尝试不使用两种不同的模型类 - 我不应该对吗？

提前致谢。

来自Chrome - 请求的关键位

Request URL:http://127.0.0.1:8000/rest/favorite_industries/ 
Request Method:POST 
_content_type:application/json
_content:{
    "user_id": 804    ,"industry_id": 20 }

HTTP 400 BAD REQUEST
Vary: Accept
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS

{
    "user": [
        "This field is required."
    ]
}

唉。以下是django的关键类：

class FavoriteIndustry(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='favorite_industries')
    industry = models.ForeignKey(Industry)

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'favorites_mas_industry'

class FavoriteIndustrySerializer(WithPkMixin, serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = myModels.FavoriteIndustry
        fields = (
            'id'
            , 'user'
            , 'industry'
        )

编辑添加视图集

class FavoriteIndustriesViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    #mixins.CreateModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    paginate_by = 1
    queryset = myModels\
        .FavoriteIndustry\
        .objects\
        .select_related()
    print 'SQL::FavoriteIndustriesViewSet: ' + str(queryset.query)
    serializer_class = mySerializers.FavoriteIndustrySerializer

get / list功能生成了不错的JSON：

{“count”：2，“next”： “http://blah.com/rest/favorite_industries/?page=2&format=json”， “previous”：null，“results”：[{“id”：1，“user”： “http://blah.com/rest/users/804/”，“行业”：{“industry_id”： 2，“industry_name”：“Consumer Discretionary”，“parent_industry_name”： “Consumer Discretionary”，“category_name”：“Industries”}}]}

Answer 1

我创建了一个简化的应用程序模拟。

<强> models.py：

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class Industry(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=128)

class FavoriteIndustry(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='favorite_industries')
    industry = models.ForeignKey(Industry)

<强> views.py：

from rest_framework import viewsets
from models import FavoriteIndustry
from serializers import FavoriteIndustrySerializer

class FavoriteIndustriesViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = FavoriteIndustry.objects.all()
    serializer_class = FavoriteIndustrySerializer

<强> serializers.py：

from rest_framework import serializers
from models import FavoriteIndustry, Industry

class FavoriteIndustrySerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = FavoriteIndustry
        fields = ('id', 'user', 'industry')

<强> urls.py：

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from core.api import FavoriteIndustriesViewSet

favorite_industries_list = FavoriteIndustriesViewSet.as_view({
    'get': 'list',
    'post': 'create'
})

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^favorite_industries/$', favorite_industries_list, name='favorite-industries-list'),
    url(r'^users/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', favorite_industries_list, name='user-detail'),
    url(r'^industries/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', favorite_industries_list, name='industry-detail'),
)

以下是一些测试：

>>> 
>>> import json
>>> from django.test import Client
>>> from core.models import Industry
>>> 
>>> industry = Industry(name='candy')
>>> industry.save()
>>> 
>>> c = Client()
>>> 
>>> response = c.get('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/')
>>> response.content
'[]'
>>> 
>>> data = {
...     'user': 'http://localhost:8000/users/1/',
...     'industry': 'http://localhost:8000/industries/1/'
... }
>>> 
>>> response = c.post('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/', json.dumps(data), 'application/json')
>>> response.content
'{"id": 1, "user": "http://testserver/users/1/", "industry": "http://testserver/industries/1/"}'
>>> 
>>> response = c.get('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/')
>>> response.content
'[{"id": 1, "user": "http://testserver/users/1/", "industry": "http://testserver/industries/1/"}]'
>>>

Django REST Framework期望user和industry字段为URL而不是ID，因为您使用的是HyperlinkedModelSerializer。

使用ID

如果您需要使用对象ID而不是网址，请使用ModelSerializer代替HyperlinkedModelSerializer并将ID传递给user和industry：

<强> serializers.py：

from rest_framework import serializers
from models import FavoriteIndustry, Industry

class FavoriteIndustrySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = FavoriteIndustry
        fields = ('id', 'user', 'industry')

测试：

>>> 
>>> import json
>>> from django.test import Client
>>> from core.models import Industry
>>> 
>>> #industry = Industry(name='candy')
>>> #industry.save()
>>> 
>>> c = Client()
>>> 
>>> response = c.get('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/')
>>> response.content
'[{"id": 1, "user": 1, "industry": 1}, {"id": 2, "user": 1, "industry": 1}]'
>>> 
>>> data = {
...     'user': 1,
...     'industry': 1
... }
>>> 
>>> response = c.post('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/', json.dumps(data), 'application/json')
>>> response.content
'{"id": 3, "user": 1, "industry": 1}'
>>> 
>>> response = c.get('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/')
>>> response.content
'[{"id": 1, "user": 1, "industry": 1}, {"id": 2, "user": 1, "industry": 1}, {"id": 3, "user": 1, "industry": 1}]'
>>>

Answer 2

这样做。但我认为django-rest-framework应该为我提供这个管道，所以请跟进任何更好的答案

class FavoriteIndustriesViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    paginate_by = 1
    queryset = myModels\
        .FavoriteIndustry\
        .objects\
        .select_related()
    print 'SQL::FavoriteIndustriesViewSet: ' + str(queryset.query)
    serializer_class = mySerializers.FavoriteIndustrySerializer

    def create(self, request):
        print(request.DATA)
        user_id = request.DATA['user_id']
        industry_id = request.DATA['industry_id']
        favorite = myModels.FavoriteIndustry(user_id=user_id, industry_id=industry_id)
        favorite.save()
        responseData = {
            'user_id': user_id
            , 'industry_id': industry_id
            , 'message': 'FavoriteIndustry saved.'
        }
        return Response(responseData)

Django-Rest-Framework更新外键BY Id

2 个答案:

使用ID