检测iOS中UITextView中属性文本的点击

Question

我有UITextView，显示NSAttributedString。这个字符串包含我想要点击的单词，这样当它们被点击时我会被回叫以便我可以执行一个动作。我意识到UITextView可以检测到网址上的点击并回调我的委托，但这些不是网址。

在我看来，使用iOS 7和TextKit的功能现在应该可以，但是我找不到任何示例，我不知道从哪里开始。

我知道现在可以在字符串中创建自定义属性（虽然我还没有这样做），也许这些对于检测是否有一个魔术单词被点击是有用的？在任何情况下，我仍然不知道如何截取该敲击并检测敲击发生在哪个单词上。

请注意，iOS 6的兼容性不是。

Answer 1

我只是想帮助别人一点。根据施密特的回应，我可以完全按照我在原始问题中提出的要求行事。

1）创建一个属性字符串，其中自定义属性应用于可点击的单词。例如

NSAttributedString* attributedString = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"a clickable word" attributes:@{ @"myCustomTag" : @(YES) }];
[paragraph appendAttributedString:attributedString];

2）创建一个UITextView以显示该字符串，并向其添加UITapGestureRecognizer。然后处理水龙头：

- (void)textTapped:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)recognizer
{
    UITextView *textView = (UITextView *)recognizer.view;

    // Location of the tap in text-container coordinates

    NSLayoutManager *layoutManager = textView.layoutManager;
    CGPoint location = [recognizer locationInView:textView];
    location.x -= textView.textContainerInset.left;
    location.y -= textView.textContainerInset.top;

    // Find the character that's been tapped on

    NSUInteger characterIndex;
    characterIndex = [layoutManager characterIndexForPoint:location
                                           inTextContainer:textView.textContainer
                  fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints:NULL];

    if (characterIndex < textView.textStorage.length) {

        NSRange range;
        id value = [textView.attributedText attribute:@"myCustomTag" atIndex:characterIndex effectiveRange:&range];

        // Handle as required...

        NSLog(@"%@, %d, %d", value, range.location, range.length);

    }
}

当你知道怎么做时很容易！

Answer 2

使用Swift

检测属性文本的点击

对于初学者来说，有点难以知道如何设置（无论如何都适合我），所以这个例子有点全面。

在项目中添加Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel。

出口

使用名为UITextView的插座将UITextView与ViewController相关联。

自定义属性

我们将通过制作Extension来制作自定义属性。

  

注意：此步骤在技术上是可选的，但如果您不这样做，则需要编辑下一部分中的代码以使用标准属性，如textView。使用自定义属性的优点是您可以定义要在属性文本范围中存储的值。

使用文件＆gt;添加新的swift文件新＆gt;文件...＆gt; iOS＆gt;来源＆gt; Swift文件。你可以称之为你想要的。我在调用我的 NSAttributedStringKey + CustomAttribute.swift 。

粘贴以下代码：

NSAttributedString.Key.foregroundColor

代码

使用以下内容替换ViewController.swift中的代码。请注意import Foundation extension NSAttributedString.Key { static let myAttributeName = NSAttributedString.Key(rawValue: "MyCustomAttribute") } 。

UIGestureRecognizerDelegate

现在，如果你点击“Swift”的“w”，你应该得到以下结果：

import UIKit
class ViewController: UIViewController, UIGestureRecognizerDelegate {

    @IBOutlet weak var textView: UITextView!

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        // Create an attributed string
        let myString = NSMutableAttributedString(string: "Swift attributed text")

        // Set an attribute on part of the string
        let myRange = NSRange(location: 0, length: 5) // range of "Swift"
        let myCustomAttribute = [ NSAttributedString.Key.myAttributeName: "some value"]
        myString.addAttributes(myCustomAttribute, range: myRange)

        textView.attributedText = myString

        // Add tap gesture recognizer to Text View
        let tap = UITapGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: #selector(myMethodToHandleTap(_:)))
        tap.delegate = self
        textView.addGestureRecognizer(tap)
    }

    @objc func myMethodToHandleTap(_ sender: UITapGestureRecognizer) {

        let myTextView = sender.view as! UITextView
        let layoutManager = myTextView.layoutManager

        // location of tap in myTextView coordinates and taking the inset into account
        var location = sender.location(in: myTextView)
        location.x -= myTextView.textContainerInset.left;
        location.y -= myTextView.textContainerInset.top;

        // character index at tap location
        let characterIndex = layoutManager.characterIndex(for: location, in: myTextView.textContainer, fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints: nil)

        // if index is valid then do something.
        if characterIndex < myTextView.textStorage.length {

            // print the character index
            print("character index: \(characterIndex)")

            // print the character at the index
            let myRange = NSRange(location: characterIndex, length: 1)
            let substring = (myTextView.attributedText.string as NSString).substring(with: myRange)
            print("character at index: \(substring)")

            // check if the tap location has a certain attribute
            let attributeName = NSAttributedString.Key.myAttributeName
            let attributeValue = myTextView.attributedText?.attribute(attributeName, at: characterIndex, effectiveRange: nil)
            if let value = attributeValue {
                print("You tapped on \(attributeName.rawValue) and the value is: \(value)")
            }

        }
    }
}

注释

• 我在这里使用了自定义属性，但它可能很容易character index: 1 character at index: w You tapped on MyCustomAttribute and the value is: some value （文字颜色），其值为NSAttributedString.Key.foregroundColor。
• 以前文本视图无法编辑或选择，但在我更新的Swift 4.2答案中，无论这些是否被选中，它似乎都能正常工作。

进一步研究

这个答案是基于这个问题的其他几个答案。除此之外，另见

• Advanced Text Layouts and Effects with Text Kit (WWDC 2013 video)
• Attributed String Programming Guide
• How do I make an attributed string using Swift?

Answer 3

这是一个稍微修改过的版本，基于@tarmes答案。除了下面的调整，我无法让value变量返回null以外的任何内容。此外，我需要返回完整的属性字典，以确定结果操作。我会把它放在评论中，但似乎没有代表这样做。如果我违反了协议，请提前道歉。

具体调整是使用textView.textStorage代替textView.attributedText。作为一个仍在学习的iOS程序员，我不确定为什么会这样，但也许其他人可以启发我们。

水龙头处理方法的具体修改：

    NSDictionary *attributesOfTappedText = [textView.textStorage attributesAtIndex:characterIndex effectiveRange:&range];

我的视图控制器中的完整代码

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];

    self.textView.attributedText = [self attributedTextViewString];
    UITapGestureRecognizer *tap = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(textTapped:)];

    [self.textView addGestureRecognizer:tap];
}  

- (NSAttributedString *)attributedTextViewString
{
    NSMutableAttributedString *paragraph = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"This is a string with " attributes:@{NSForegroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor blueColor]}];

    NSAttributedString* attributedString = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"a tappable string"
                                                                       attributes:@{@"tappable":@(YES),
                                                                                    @"networkCallRequired": @(YES),
                                                                                    @"loadCatPicture": @(NO)}];

    NSAttributedString* anotherAttributedString = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@" and another tappable string"
                                                                              attributes:@{@"tappable":@(YES),
                                                                                           @"networkCallRequired": @(NO),
                                                                                           @"loadCatPicture": @(YES)}];
    [paragraph appendAttributedString:attributedString];
    [paragraph appendAttributedString:anotherAttributedString];

    return [paragraph copy];
}

- (void)textTapped:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)recognizer
{
    UITextView *textView = (UITextView *)recognizer.view;

    // Location of the tap in text-container coordinates

    NSLayoutManager *layoutManager = textView.layoutManager;
    CGPoint location = [recognizer locationInView:textView];
    location.x -= textView.textContainerInset.left;
    location.y -= textView.textContainerInset.top;

    NSLog(@"location: %@", NSStringFromCGPoint(location));

    // Find the character that's been tapped on

    NSUInteger characterIndex;
    characterIndex = [layoutManager characterIndexForPoint:location
                                       inTextContainer:textView.textContainer
              fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints:NULL];

    if (characterIndex < textView.textStorage.length) {

        NSRange range;
        NSDictionary *attributes = [textView.textStorage attributesAtIndex:characterIndex effectiveRange:&range];
        NSLog(@"%@, %@", attributes, NSStringFromRange(range));

        //Based on the attributes, do something
        ///if ([attributes objectForKey:...)] //make a network call, load a cat Pic, etc

    }
}

Answer 4

使用iOS 7进行自定义链接并在点击上执行您想要的操作变得更加容易。 Ray Wenderlich

有很好的例子

Answer 5

WWDC 2013 example：

NSLayoutManager *layoutManager = textView.layoutManager;
 CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:textView];
 NSUInteger characterIndex;
 characterIndex = [layoutManager characterIndexForPoint:location
inTextContainer:textView.textContainer
fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints:NULL];
if (characterIndex < textView.textStorage.length) { 
// valid index
// Find the word range here
// using -enumerateSubstringsInRange:options:usingBlock:
}

Answer 6

我能够使用NSLinkAttributeName

简单地解决这个问题

Swift 2

class MyClass: UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate {

  @IBOutlet weak var tvBottom: UITextView!

  override func viewDidLoad() {
      super.viewDidLoad()

     let attributedString = NSMutableAttributedString(string: "click me ok?")
     attributedString.addAttribute(NSLinkAttributeName, value: "cs://moreinfo", range: NSMakeRange(0, 5))
     tvBottom.attributedText = attributedString
     tvBottom.delegate = self

  }

  func textView(textView: UITextView, shouldInteractWithURL URL: NSURL, inRange characterRange: NSRange) -> Bool {
      UtilityFunctions.alert("clicked", message: "clicked")
      return false
  }

}

Answer 7

使用Swift 3检测对属性文本的操作的完整示例

let termsAndConditionsURL = TERMS_CONDITIONS_URL;
let privacyURL            = PRIVACY_URL;

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

    self.txtView.delegate = self
    let str = "By continuing, you accept the Terms of use and Privacy policy"
    let attributedString = NSMutableAttributedString(string: str)
    var foundRange = attributedString.mutableString.range(of: "Terms of use") //mention the parts of the attributed text you want to tap and get an custom action
    attributedString.addAttribute(NSLinkAttributeName, value: termsAndConditionsURL, range: foundRange)
    foundRange = attributedString.mutableString.range(of: "Privacy policy")
    attributedString.addAttribute(NSLinkAttributeName, value: privacyURL, range: foundRange)
    txtView.attributedText = attributedString
}

然后您可以使用shouldInteractWith URL UITextViewDelegate委托方法捕获操作。确保您已正确设置委托。

func textView(_ textView: UITextView, shouldInteractWith URL: URL, in characterRange: NSRange) -> Bool {
        let storyboard = UIStoryboard(name: "Main", bundle: nil)
        let vc = storyboard.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "WebView") as! SKWebViewController

        if (URL.absoluteString == termsAndConditionsURL) {
            vc.strWebURL = TERMS_CONDITIONS_URL
            self.navigationController?.pushViewController(vc, animated: true)
        } else if (URL.absoluteString == privacyURL) {
            vc.strWebURL = PRIVACY_URL
            self.navigationController?.pushViewController(vc, animated: true)
        }
        return false
    }

同样，您可以根据自己的要求执行任何操作。

干杯!!

Answer 8

可以使用characterIndexForPoint:inTextContainer:fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints:执行此操作。它的工作方式与你想要的有些不同 - 你必须测试一个被点击的角色是否属于魔术词。但它不应该复杂。

BTW我强烈建议您观看WWDC 2013中的介绍文本工具包。

Answer 9

这个可以在文本视图中使用短链接，多链接正常工作。它适用于iOS 6,7,8。

- (void)tappedTextView:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)tapGesture {
    if (tapGesture.state != UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded) {
        return;
    }
    UITextView *textView = (UITextView *)tapGesture.view;
    CGPoint tapLocation = [tapGesture locationInView:textView];

    NSDataDetector *detector = [NSDataDetector dataDetectorWithTypes:NSTextCheckingTypeLink|NSTextCheckingTypePhoneNumber
                                                           error:nil];
    NSArray* resultString = [detector matchesInString:self.txtMessage.text options:NSMatchingReportProgress range:NSMakeRange(0, [self.txtMessage.text length])];
    BOOL isContainLink = resultString.count > 0;

    if (isContainLink) {
        for (NSTextCheckingResult* result in  resultString) {
            CGRect linkPosition = [self frameOfTextRange:result.range inTextView:self.txtMessage];

            if(CGRectContainsPoint(linkPosition, tapLocation) == 1){
                if (result.resultType == NSTextCheckingTypePhoneNumber) {
                    NSString *phoneNumber = [@"telprompt://" stringByAppendingString:result.phoneNumber];
                    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:phoneNumber]];
                }
                else if (result.resultType == NSTextCheckingTypeLink) {
                    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:result.URL];
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

 - (CGRect)frameOfTextRange:(NSRange)range inTextView:(UITextView *)textView
{
    UITextPosition *beginning = textView.beginningOfDocument;
    UITextPosition *start = [textView positionFromPosition:beginning offset:range.location];
    UITextPosition *end = [textView positionFromPosition:start offset:range.length];
    UITextRange *textRange = [textView textRangeFromPosition:start toPosition:end];
    CGRect firstRect = [textView firstRectForRange:textRange];
    CGRect newRect = [textView convertRect:firstRect fromView:textView.textInputView];
    return newRect;
}

Answer 10

使用Swift 4.2和iOS 12，您可以创建UITextView的子类并使用某些TextKit实现覆盖hitTest(_:with:)或point(inside:with:)，以便仅在其中创建一些NSAttributedStrings它可以轻敲。

---

以下代码显示了如何创建仅对其中带有下划线 UITextView的拍子起反应的NSAttributedStrings：

InteractiveUnderlinedTextView.swift

import UIKit

class InteractiveUnderlinedTextView: UITextView {

    override init(frame: CGRect, textContainer: NSTextContainer?) {
        super.init(frame: frame, textContainer: textContainer)
        configure()
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
        configure()
    }

    func configure() {
        isScrollEnabled = false
        isEditable = false
        isSelectable = false
        isUserInteractionEnabled = true
    }

    override func hitTest(_ point: CGPoint, with event: UIEvent?) -> UIView? {
        let characterIndex = layoutManager.characterIndex(for: point, in: textContainer, fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints: nil)
        guard characterIndex < textStorage.length else { return nil }
        let attributes = textStorage.attributes(at: characterIndex, effectiveRange: nil)
        return attributes[NSAttributedString.Key.underlineStyle] != nil ? self : nil
    }

    /*
    // Alternative using point(inside:with:)
    override func point(inside point: CGPoint, with event: UIEvent?) -> Bool {
        let characterIndex = layoutManager.characterIndex(for: point, in: textContainer, fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints: nil)
        guard characterIndex < textStorage.length else { return false }
        let attributes = textStorage.attributes(at: characterIndex, effectiveRange: nil)
        return attributes[NSAttributedString.Key.underlineStyle] != nil
    }
    */

}

ViewController.swift

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        let linkTextView = InteractiveUnderlinedTextView()

        let mutableAttributedString = NSMutableAttributedString(string: "Some text\n\n")
        let attributes = [NSAttributedString.Key.underlineStyle: NSUnderlineStyle.single.rawValue]
        let underlinedAttributedString = NSAttributedString(string: "Some other text", attributes: attributes)
        mutableAttributedString.append(underlinedAttributedString)
        linkTextView.attributedText = mutableAttributedString

        let tapGesture = UITapGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: #selector(underlinedTextTapped))
        linkTextView.addGestureRecognizer(tapGesture)

        view.addSubview(linkTextView)
        linkTextView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        linkTextView.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
        linkTextView.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
        linkTextView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.readableContentGuide.leadingAnchor).isActive = true

    }

    @objc func underlinedTextTapped(_ sender: UITapGestureRecognizer) {
        print("Hello")
    }

}

Answer 11

将此扩展程序用于Swift：

import UIKit

extension UITapGestureRecognizer {

    func didTapAttributedTextInTextView(textView: UITextView, inRange targetRange: NSRange) -> Bool {
        let layoutManager = textView.layoutManager
        let locationOfTouch = self.location(in: textView)
        let index = layoutManager.characterIndex(for: locationOfTouch, in: textView.textContainer, fractionOfDistanceBetweenInsertionPoints: nil)

        return NSLocationInRange(index, targetRange)
    }
}

使用以下选择器将UITapGestureRecognizer添加到文本视图：

guard let text = textView.attributedText?.string else {
        return
}
let textToTap = "Tap me"
if let range = text.range(of: tapableText),
      tapGesture.didTapAttributedTextInTextView(textView: textTextView, inRange: NSRange(range, in: text)) {
                // Tap recognized
}

Answer 12

此功能自iOS 10起已更改。在iOS 10中，您可以使用.link属性，并且一切正常。

不需要自定义属性，点击手势识别器或其他任何东西。它的作用就像普通的URL。

为此，不要将URL添加到NSMutableAttributedString，而是添加要调用的URL（例如，“ cats”转到有关cats的维基百科页面），然后添加标准属性NSAttributedString.Key .link（我在这里使用Swift），其中NSURL包含目标URL。

参考：https://medium.com/real-solutions-artificial-intelligence/create-clickable-links-with-nsmutableattributedstring-12b6661a357d