Question

我正在努力寻找一种以我喜欢的方式迭代这个JSON对象的方法。我这里只使用Javascript。

首先，这是对象

{
"dialog":
{
    "dialog_trunk_1":{
        "message": "This is just a JSON Test"
    },

    "dialog_trunk_2":{
        "message": "and a test of the second message"
    },

    "dialog_trunk_3":
    {
        "message": "This is a test of a bit longer text. Hopefully this will at the very least create 3 lines and trigger us to go on to another box. So we can test multi-box functionality, too."
    }
}
}

现在，我只是尝试基本方法来了解此对象上的每个dialog_trunk。理想情况下，我想循环遍历对象和每个主干，显示它的message值。

我尝试使用for循环来动态生成dialog_trunk的名称/编号，但我无法使用对象名称的字符串访问该对象，因此我不确定从何处开始

Answer 1

为此使用for..in循环。请务必检查对象是否拥有属性，还是显示所有继承的属性。一个例子是这样的：

var obj = {a: 1, b: 2};
for (var key in obj) {
  if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
    var val = obj[key];
    console.log(val);
  }
}

或者，如果您需要递归来遍历所有属性：

var obj = {a: 1, b: 2, c: {a: 1, b: 2}};
function walk(obj) {
  for (var key in obj) {
    if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
      var val = obj[key];
      console.log(val);
      walk(val);
    }
  }
}
walk(obj);

Answer 2

我的问题实际上是使用JSON对象而不是实际逻辑问题进行错误规划的问题。根据user2736012的建议，我最终要做的是如下组织对象。

{
"dialog":
{
    "trunks":[
    {
        "trunk_id" : "1",
        "message": "This is just a JSON Test"
    },
    {
        "trunk_id" : "2",
        "message": "This is a test of a bit longer text. Hopefully this will at the very least create 3 lines and trigger us to go on to another box. So we can test multi-box functionality, too."
    }
    ]
}
}

此时，我能够根据对象的总数做一个相当简单的for循环。

var totalMessages = Object.keys(messages.dialog.trunks).length;

    for ( var i = 0; i < totalMessages; i++)
    {
        console.log("ID: " + messages.dialog.trunks[i].trunk_id + " Message " + messages.dialog.trunks[i].message);
    }

但是，我的所有浏览器都不支持获取totalMessages的方法。对于我的项目，它实际上并不重要，但要小心，如果你选择使用类似的东西。

Answer 3

这是我的递归方法：

function visit(object) {
    if (isIterable(object)) {
        forEachIn(object, function (accessor, child) {
            visit(child);
        });
    }
    else {
        var value = object;
        console.log(value);
    }
}

function forEachIn(iterable, functionRef) {
    for (var accessor in iterable) {
        functionRef(accessor, iterable[accessor]);
    }
}

function isIterable(element) {
    return isArray(element) || isObject(element);
}

function isArray(element) {
    return element.constructor == Array;
}

function isObject(element) {
    return element.constructor == Object;
}

Answer 4

@schirrmacher建议使用递归方法的改进版本，以打印整个对象的键[值]：

var jDepthLvl = 0;
function visit(object, objectAccessor=null) {
  jDepthLvl++;
  if (isIterable(object)) {
    if(objectAccessor === null) {
      console.log("%c ⇓ ⇓ printing object $OBJECT_OR_ARRAY$ -- START ⇓ ⇓", "background:yellow");
    } else
      console.log("%c"+spacesDepth(jDepthLvl)+objectAccessor+"%c:","color:purple;font-weight:bold", "color:black");
    forEachIn(object, function (accessor, child) {
      visit(child, accessor);
    });
  } else {
    var value = object;
    console.log("%c"
      + spacesDepth(jDepthLvl)
      + objectAccessor + "[%c" + value + "%c] "
      ,"color:blue","color:red","color:blue");
  }
  if(objectAccessor === null) {
    console.log("%c ⇑ ⇑ printing object $OBJECT_OR_ARRAY$ -- END ⇑ ⇑", "background:yellow");
  }
  jDepthLvl--;
}

function spacesDepth(jDepthLvl) {
  let jSpc="";
  for (let jIter=0; jIter<jDepthLvl-1; jIter++) {
    jSpc+="\u0020\u0020"
  }
  return jSpc;
}

function forEachIn(iterable, functionRef) {
  for (var accessor in iterable) {
    functionRef(accessor, iterable[accessor]);
  }
}

function isIterable(element) {
  return isArray(element) || isObject(element);
}

function isArray(element) {
  return element.constructor == Array;
}

function isObject(element) {
  return element.constructor == Object;
}


visit($OBJECT_OR_ARRAY$);

Answer 5

var res = {
              "dialog":
              {
                  "dialog_trunk_1":{
                      "message": "This is just a JSON Test"
                  },

                  "dialog_trunk_2":{
                      "message": "and a test of the second message"
                  },

                  "dialog_trunk_3":
                  {
                      "message": "This is a test of a bit longer text. Hopefully this will at the very least create 3 lines and trigger us to go on to another box. So we can test multi-box functionality, too."
                  }
              }
          }


for (var key in res) {
  if (res.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
    var val = res[key];
    for (var key in val) {
      if (val.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
        var dialog = val[key];
        console.log(dialog.message);
      }
    }
  }
}

迭代json对象javascript

5 个答案: