Question

我创建了一个非常简单的服务器和客户端控制台应用程序，演示了我遇到的问题，我试图将可序列化对象的实例传递给客户端，但它在服务器上失败。

我错过了什么？我并不担心现在使用DataContracts进行面向服务 - 我只是想了解为什么现在的代码不会将EJob带到客户端（但它会调用'来自服务器的消息'消息）< / p>

非常感谢。

修改

即使我使用DataContract属性（如下所示）装饰EJob类，它仍然无效 - 我在客户端收到的对象将LastName设置为null ?????

[DataContract]
public class EJob
{
    [DataMember]
    public string LastName = "Smith";
}

服务器

namespace testServer
{
    [ServiceContract()]
    public interface IRemoteClient
    {
        [OperationContract]
        void SayHi(string msg);

        [OperationContract]
        void ProcessJob(EJob job);
    }

    [Serializable()]
    public class EJob
    {
        public string LastName = "Smith";
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            MngrServer.SendJob();
        }
    }

    public class MngrServer
    {
        public static void SendJob()
        {
            try
            {
                // send this off to the correct exe
                NetTcpBinding binding = new NetTcpBinding(SecurityMode.None, true);

                string address = string.Format("net.tcp://localhost:33888/BatchMananger/client");
                EndpointAddress epa = new EndpointAddress(address);

                // create the proxy pointing to the correct exe
                IRemoteClient clientProxy = ChannelFactory<IRemoteClient>.CreateChannel(binding, epa);

                clientProxy.SayHi("Hello from server");  <-- THIS WORKS FINE

                EJob job = new EJob { LastName = "Janssen" };

                clientProxy.ProcessJob(job);             <-- THIS RAISES AN EXCEPTION see below...
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                string msg = ex.Message;

                //The formatter threw an exception while trying to deserialize the message: There was an error while 
                //trying to deserialize parameter http://tempuri.org/:job. The InnerException message was ''EndElement' 'job' 
                //from namespace 'http://tempuri.org/' is not expected. Expecting element 'LastName'.'.  
            }

        }
    }

}

客户端

namespace testClient
{
    [ServiceContract()]
    public interface IRemoteClient
    {
        [OperationContract]
        void SayHi(string msg);

        [OperationContract]
        void ProcessJob(EJob job);
    }

    [Serializable()]
    public class EJob 
    {
        public string LastName = "Smith";
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            MngrClient.Prepare();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// STATIC / INSTANCE 
    /// </summary>
    public class MngrClient : IRemoteClient
    {
        public void SayHi(string msg)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(msg);
        }

        public void ProcessJob(EJob job)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(job.LastName);
        }

        public static void Prepare()
        {
            // allow this class to be used! - so instances are created and info directly passed on to its static members.
            ServiceHost sh = new ServiceHost(typeof(MngrClient));

            // create the net binding
            NetTcpBinding binding = new NetTcpBinding(SecurityMode.None, true);

            // define the tcpaddress
            string address = string.Format("net.tcp://localhost:33888/BatchMananger/client");

            // add a service point so my server can reach me
            sh.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IRemoteClient), binding, address);

            // now open the service for business
            sh.Open();
        }

    }

}

Answer 1

您的EJob datacontract位于服务器与客户端的不同命名空间中。您需要在同一名称空间中声明这两个类，或使用属性在客户端上设置名称空间以匹配服务器上的名称空间

（Datacontract属性有一个你可以传递的命名空间值，或者你可以使用一个单独的命名空间属性来告诉WCF使用备用命名空间用于合同，不记得我的头顶了）

修改刚验证 - 它是您想要的DataContractAttribute的Namespace属性，因此在您的客户端声明中：

[DataContract(Namespace="EJobNamespaceAsItIsDeclaredOnTheServer")] public class EJob ...

现在，将所有DataContracts放在客户端和服务器都引用的单独程序集（称为契约程序集）中是很常见的。您只需要该程序集中的合同类定义，不需要其他任何内容。

Answer 2

你以某种方式让它有点倒退......

根据IRemoteClient的服务合同，您应该在服务器端有一个实现该接口的实现类：
```
public class ServiceImplementation : IRemoteClient
{
   public void SayHi(string msg)
   { 
       .....
   }

   public void ProcessJob(EJob job)
   {
       .....
   }
}
```
另外：服务方法应该返回某些东西给调用者！没有返回类型，你有点创建一个服务的黑洞 - 你可以调用它的方法，但没有任何东西被返回....另外：服务实现类应 < em> NOT 自己托管！将其作为一个单独的类

您应该在托管此服务的服务器端拥有主机类：

public class HostForYourService
{
    public HostForYourService()
    {
        // send this off to the correct exe
        NetTcpBinding binding = new NetTcpBinding(SecurityMode.None, true);

        string address = string.Format("net.tcp://localhost:33888/BatchMananger/client");
        EndpointAddress epa = new EndpointAddress(address);

        ServiceHost sh = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceImplementation));

        // define the tcpaddress
        sh.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IRemoteClient), binding, address);

        // now open the service for business
        sh.Open();
    }

然后您的客户端应为此服务构建客户端代理并将其命名为

public class YourServiceClient
{
   public void CallService() 
   {
        NetTcpBinding binding = new NetTcpBinding(SecurityMode.None, true);

        string address = string.Format("net.tcp://servername:33888/BatchMananger/client");
        EndpointAddress epa = new EndpointAddress(address);

        // create the proxy pointing to the correct exe
        IRemoteClient clientProxy = ChannelFactory<IRemoteClient>.CreateChannel(binding, epa);

        clientProxy.SayHi("Hello from server");  <-- THIS WORKS FINE

        EJob job = new EJob { LastName = "Janssen" };

        clientProxy.ProcessJob(job);
    }
}

但同样：通常，您的服务方法应返回客户端可以操作的内容 - 毕竟，您通常不希望在服务器上执行Console.WriteLine - 你想要计算某些东西，查找某些东西等，并将响应返回给客户，然后依次可以将结果输出到控制台或其他东西......

无法跨WCF传输标准可序列化对象

2 个答案: