免责声明：我对使用distutils的python包装非常陌生。到目前为止，我只是把所有东西都藏进了模块，手工打包并在此基础上开发。我之前从未写过setup.py文件。
我有一个Fortran模块，我想在我的python代码中使用numpy。我认为最好的方法是f2py，因为它包含在numpy中。为了自动化构建过程，我想使用distutils和相应的numpy增强功能，其中包括f2py包装器的便捷功能。
我不明白我应该如何组织文件，以及如何包含我的测试套件。
我想要的是使用./setup.py进行构建，安装，测试和开发的可能性。
我的目录结构如下：
volterra
├── setup.py
└── volterra
├── __init__.py
├── integral.f90
├── test
│ ├── __init__.py
│ └── test_volterra.py
└── volterra.f90
setup.py文件包含：
def configuration(parent_package='', top_path=None):
from numpy.distutils.misc_util import Configuration
config = Configuration('volterra', parent_package, top_path)
config.add_extension('_volterra',
sources=['volterra/integral.f90', 'volterra/volterra.f90'])
return config
if __name__ == '__main__':
from numpy.distutils.core import setup
setup(**configuration(top_path='').todict())
运行./setup.py build后，我得到了。
build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/
└── volterra
└── _volterra.so
既不包含__init__.py文件，也不包括测试。
volterra/integral.f90）我不能给出一个参数，在volterra/寻找东西吗？ top_path和package_dir参数无法解决问题。__init__.py文件未包含在构建中。那是为什么？答案 0 :(得分：2)
这是我制作的项目中的setup.py。我发现找出setup.py /包装是令人沮丧的，没有可靠的答案，绝对不是pythonic，只有一个而且只有一种明显的方法可以做某事。希望这会有所帮助。
您可能会发现有用的要点是：
find_packages可以消除包含大量文件的苦差事或者搞乱生成清单。package_data，可让您轻松指定要包含的非.py文件install_requires / tests_require 如果您还没有找到distribute_setup.py的来源，则需要找到它。
- 是否真的有必要将路径添加到每个源文件中 延期？ （即.terterra / integral.f90）我不能给出参数 这说，在volterra中找东西/？ top_path和package_dir 参数不起作用。
- 目前， init .py文件不是 包含在构建中。那是为什么？
希望find_packages()能解决这两个问题。我的包装经验不多，但我还没有回到手工包装。
- 如何在此运行我的测试 设置？
我认为这可能是一个不同的问题，许多答案取决于你如何进行测试。也许你可以单独问它？
作为旁注，我的印象是标准是将您的测试目录放在顶层。即volterra/volterra和volterra/tests。
- 在这样的情况下进行开发的最佳工作流程是什么？ 环境？我不想为每一个安装我的包 改变我做。如何在源目录中进行开发 你需要编译一些扩展模块吗？
这也许值得另一个问题。我不明白为什么你需要为每一次更改安装你的软件包。如果要上传软件包，只需将其安装在开发系统上（测试安装除外），直接从开发副本开始。也许我错过了一些东西，因为我不使用编译的扩展。
以下是示例
try:
from setuptools import setup, find_packages
except ImportError:
from distribute_setup import use_setuptools
use_setuptools()
from setuptools import setup, find_packages
setup(
# ... other stuff
py_modules=['distribute_setup'],
packages=find_packages(),
package_data={'': ['*.png']}, # for me to include anything with png
install_requires=['numpy', 'treenode', 'investigators'],
tests_require=['mock', 'numpy', 'treenode', 'investigators'],
)
答案 1 :(得分：2)
这是一个适合我的setup.py：
# pkg - A fancy software package
# Copyright (C) 2013 author (email)
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html.
"""pkg: a software suite for
Hey look at me I'm a long description
But how long am I?
"""
from __future__ import division, print_function
#ideas for setup/f2py came from:
# -numpy setup.py: https://github.com/numpy/numpy/blob/master/setup.py 2013-11-07
# -winpython setup.py: http://code.google.com/p/winpython/source/browse/setup.py 2013-11-07
# -needing to use
# import setuptools; from numpy.distutils.core import setup, Extension:
# http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.comp.python.f2py.user/707 2013-11-07
# -wrapping FORTRAN code with f2py: http://www2-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cdat/tutorials/f2py-wrapping-fortran-code 2013-11-07
# -numpy disutils: http://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/distutils.html 2013-11-07
# -manifest files in disutils:
# 'distutils doesn't properly update MANIFEST. when the contents of directories change.'
# https://github.com/numpy/numpy/blob/master/setup.py
# -if things are not woring try deleting build, sdist, egg directories and try again:
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/9982133/2530083 2013-11-07
# -getting fortran extensions to be installed in their appropriate sub package
# i.e. "my_ext = Extension(name = 'my_pack._fortran', sources = ['my_pack/code.f90'])"
# Note that sources is a list even if one file:
# http://numpy-discussion.10968.n7.nabble.com/f2py-and-setup-py-how-can-I-specify-where-the-so-file-goes-tp34490p34497.html 2013-11-07
# -install fortran source files into their appropriate sub-package
# i.e. "package_data={'': ['*.f95','*.f90']}# Note it's a dict and list":
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/19373744/2530083 2013-11-07
# -Chapter 9 Fortran Programming with NumPy Arrays:
# Langtangen, Hans Petter. 2013. Python Scripting for Computational Science. 3rd edition. Springer.
# -Hitchhikers guide to packaging :
# http://guide.python-distribute.org/
# -Python Packaging: Hate, hate, hate everywhere :
# http://lucumr.pocoo.org/2012/6/22/hate-hate-hate-everywhere/
# -How To Package Your Python Code:
# http://www.scotttorborg.com/python-packaging/
# -install testing requirements:
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/7747140/2530083 2013-11-07
import setuptools
from numpy.distutils.core import setup, Extension
import os
import os.path as osp
def readme(filename='README.rst'):
with open('README.rst') as f:
text=f.read()
f.close()
return text
def get_package_data(name, extlist):
"""Return data files for package *name* with extensions in *extlist*"""
#modified slightly from taken from http://code.google.com/p/winpython/source/browse/setup.py 2013-11-7
flist = []
# Workaround to replace os.path.relpath (not available until Python 2.6):
offset = len(name)+len(os.pathsep)
for dirpath, _dirnames, filenames in os.walk(name):
for fname in filenames:
if not fname.startswith('.') and osp.splitext(fname)[1] in extlist:
# flist.append(osp.join(dirpath, fname[offset:]))
flist.append(osp.join(dirpath, fname))
return flist
DOCLINES = __doc__.split("\n")
CLASSIFIERS = """\
Development Status :: 1 - Planning
License :: OSI Approved :: GNU Lesser General Public License v3 or later (LGPLv3+)
Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
Topic :: Scientific/Engineering
"""
NAME = 'pkg'
MAINTAINER = "me"
MAINTAINER_EMAIL = "me@me.com"
DESCRIPTION = DOCLINES[0]
LONG_DESCRIPTION = "\n".join(DOCLINES[2:])#readme('readme.rst')
URL = "http://meeeee.mmemem"
DOWNLOAD_URL = "https://github.com/rtrwalker/geotecha.git"
LICENSE = 'GNU General Public License v3 or later (GPLv3+)'
CLASSIFIERS = [_f for _f in CLASSIFIERS.split('\n') if _f]
KEYWORDS=''
AUTHOR = "me"
AUTHOR_EMAIL = "me.com"
PLATFORMS = ["Windows"]#, "Linux", "Solaris", "Mac OS-X", "Unix"]
MAJOR = 0
MINOR = 1
MICRO = 0
ISRELEASED = False
VERSION = '%d.%d.%d' % (MAJOR, MINOR, MICRO)
INSTALL_REQUIRES=[]
ZIP_SAFE=False
TEST_SUITE='nose.collector'
TESTS_REQUIRE=['nose']
DATA_FILES = [(NAME, ['LICENSE.txt','README.rst'])]
PACKAGES=setuptools.find_packages()
PACKAGES.remove('tools')
PACKAGE_DATA={'': ['*.f95','*f90']}
ext_files = get_package_data(NAME,['.f90', '.f95','.F90', '.F95'])
ext_module_names = ['.'.join(osp.splitext(v)[0].split(osp.sep)) for v in ext_files]
EXT_MODULES = [Extension(name=x,sources=[y]) for x, y in zip(ext_module_names, ext_files)]
setup(
name=NAME,
version=VERSION,
maintainer=MAINTAINER,
maintainer_email=MAINTAINER_EMAIL,
description=DESCRIPTION,
long_description=LONG_DESCRIPTION,
url=URL,
download_url=DOWNLOAD_URL,
license=LICENSE,
classifiers=CLASSIFIERS,
author=AUTHOR,
author_email=AUTHOR_EMAIL,
platforms=PLATFORMS,
packages=PACKAGES,
data_files=DATA_FILES,
install_requires=INSTALL_REQUIRES,
zip_safe=ZIP_SAFE,
test_suite=TEST_SUITE,
tests_require=TESTS_REQUIRE,
package_data=PACKAGE_DATA,
ext_modules=EXT_MODULES,
)
要安装，请在命令行中使用：
python setup.py install
python setup.py clean --all
我似乎唯一的问题是一个小问题。当我查看我的包的site-packages时，它安装在egg文件夹C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\pkg-0.1.0-py2.7-win32.egg\pkg中。我看到的大多数其他软件包都有一个与egg文件夹分开的C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\pkg文件夹。有谁知道如何分离？
对于测试，安装后，我在命令行输入以下内容：
nosetests package_name -v
尝试调查python setup.py develop（Python setup.py develop vs install），以便在每次更改后都不必安装软件包。
正如我在代码中评论的那样，我发现以下内容非常有用：