Question

这就是我试图打破我的头脑......但它仍然不起作用

这是有效的：

awk '{
    if ( $2 ~ /FULL/ )
     print "TRUE" $0
   }' FILE1

但是现在我希望“/ FULL /”部分是动态的，所以我可以通过将它链接到shell变量来改变它。

所以这就是我想要的：

shellfull="/FULL/"

awk -v awkfull=$shellfull '{
    if ( $2 ~ awkfull )
    print "TRUE" $0
                            }' FILE1

FILE1的内容为：

84738273 RTF-Ref-FULL-Monday 
38473847 The-Wed-DLL-DIFF-Fri-FULL 
84839489 FULL 
83945940 Schedule_FULL 
84928049 Schedule_DIFF

有点看起来它不允许我在“IF”声明中使用awkfull，因为我可以打印awkfull并且它确实显示了shell变量内容。我的意思是：

print awkfull       //this works)
if ( $1 ~ awkfull)  //this does NOT work... why?

更新1

所有的回应，一些给了非常好的主意。但我觉得我需要描述我的确切情况。因为我真的需要“/”才能在字符串中的reandom位置找到一个单词，而且我不知道字符串会提前看起来像什么。

所以我想将它用于：

//Set Variable Content:
FULL="/FULL/||/Full/||/full/||/SQL-Backup_Fri-Last-Of-Month/"
DIFF="/DIFF/||/Diff/||/diff/||/San-Element/"

现在我有一个大的日志文件，它在其中一个字符串中有一些字，我将用它来确定它是否算作FULL或DIFF，或者两者都基于$中是否有单词FULL或$ DIFF匹配该字符串中的reandom位置

因此，如果文件中的蜇声如下所示：

84738273 RTF-Ref-full-Monday 
38473847 The-Wed-DLL-DIFF-Fri-FULL 
84839489 FULL 
83945940 Schedule_Full_backup 
84928049 Schedule_DIFF
83940392 2_SQL-Backup_Fri-Last-Of-Month-23049
84828348 Schedule_new-build

我希望它成为：

FULL 84738273 RTF-Ref-full-Monday 
DIFFFULL 38473847 The-Wed-DLL-DIFF-Fri-FULL 
FULL 84839489 FULL 
FULL 83945940 Schedule_Full 
DIFF 84928049 Schedule_DIFF
FULL 83940392 2_SQL-Backup_Fri-Last-Of-Month-23049
UNKNOWN 84828348 Schedule_new-build

现在重要的是让列表包含要以动态方式进行设置搜索的单词。因此，通过更改变量$ DIFF或$ FULL，它将搜索文件中的不同单词。

所以我想要实现这个目标的方式是：sript概念：

//set filter patterns
FULL="/FULL/||/Full/||/full/||/SQL-Backup_Fri-Last-Of-Month/"
DIFF="/DIFF/||/Diff/||/diff/||/San-Element/" 

awk -v full=$FULL -v diff=$DIFF '{          //link the shell variable to awk variable, since a direct shell variable in awk didn't work.
if ( $2 ~ diff )                            //find all strings with words defined in $DIFF
print "DIFF" $0                             //print "DIFF" in front of the line
if ( $2 ~ full )                            //find all strings with words defined in $FULL
print "FULL" $0                             //print "FULL" in front of the line
if ( $2 !~ full||diff)                      //if a line does neighter contain words of $DIFF or $FULL.
print "UNKNOWN" $0                          //print "UNKNOWN" in front of the line
                        }' FILE1            //load the file that needs to be filterd

如果找到尚未定义的计划和策略，则此脚本需要向我及其自身明确说明。这样scipt就知道何时创建了一个新的未知计划或策略，并且可以警告我需要调整其过滤器。它使脚本能够计算计算出的Kbytes到“未知的时间表和策略池”的数量

希望这会让事情变得更加清晰。我需要在字符串中的reandom位置搜索多个reandom字 [FULL，full，SQL-DB，ect。] [这就是为什么我要使用/ $ full / || / $ diff /，或类似的东西]。

Answer 1

您的字符串不需要/进行比较。以下是有效的：

shellfull="FULL"

测试

$ shellfull="EMPTY"
$ awk -v patt=$shellfull '$1 ~ patt {print "TRUE" $0}' a
TRUEEMPTY 3928304

$ shellfull="FULL"
$ awk -v patt=$shellfull '$1 ~ patt {print "TRUE" $0}' a
TRUEFULL 2930429
TRUEFULL 3940229

更新

根据您刚发布的输入文件：

$ shellfull="FULL"
$ awk -v patt=$shellfull '$2 ~ patt {print "TRUE " $0}' a
TRUE 84738273 RTF-Ref-FULL-Monday 
TRUE 38473847 The-Wed-DLL-DIFF-Fri-FULL 
TRUE 84839489 FULL 
TRUE 83945940 Schedule_FULL

如果您想要完全匹配：

$ awk -v patt=$shellfull '$2==patt {print "TRUE " $0}' a
TRUE 84839489 FULL

更新2

如果你想匹配你通过字符串传递的不同单词，让我们这样做：

awk -v patt=$shellfull 'BEGIN{split(patt,a,"|")} 
  {for (i in a) if ($2==a[i]) {print "TRUE " $0; next}}' a

获取字符串，用分隔符|将其展开（您可以定义另一个），然后查找每个给定字符串的完全匹配。

测试

$ shellfull="Schedule_DIFF|FULL"
$ awk -v patt=$shellfull 'BEGIN{split(patt,a,"|")} {for (i in a) if ($2==a[i]) {print "TRUE " $0; next}}' a
TRUE 84839489 FULL 
TRUE 84928049 Schedule_DIFF 

$ shellfull="FULL"
$ awk -v patt=$shellfull 'BEGIN{split(patt,a,"|")} {for (i in a) if ($2==a[i]) {print "TRUE " $0; next}}' a
TRUE 84839489 FULL

Answer 2

您可以通过以下方式完成：

shellfull="/FULL/"

awk '{
     if ( $1 ~ '$shellfull' )
     print "TRUE" $0
}' FILE1

这看起来好像现在正在引用$shellfull变量，但它实际上是“取消引用”它，以便shell会查看它。

Answer 3

根据您的最新更新，听起来您需要的只是：

$ FULL="FULL|Full|full|SQL-Backup_Fri-Last-Of-Month"
$ DIFF="DIFF|Diff|diff|San-Element"

$ cat file
84738273 RTF-Ref-full-Monday 
38473847 The-Wed-DLL-DIFF-Fri-FULL 
84839489 FULL 
83945940 Schedule_Full_backup 
84928049 Schedule_DIFF
83940392 2_SQL-Backup_Fri-Last-Of-Month-23049
84828348 Schedule_new-build

$ awk -v full="$FULL" -v diff="$DIFF" '{
    if ( ( $2 ~ diff ) && ( $2 ~ full ) )
        print "DIFFFULL", $0
    else if ( $2 ~ diff )
        print "DIFF", $0
    else if ( $2 ~ full )
        print "FULL", $0
    else
        print "UNKNOWN", $0
}' file
FULL 84738273 RTF-Ref-full-Monday 
DIFFFULL 38473847 The-Wed-DLL-DIFF-Fri-FULL 
FULL 84839489 FULL 
FULL 83945940 Schedule_Full_backup 
DIFF 84928049 Schedule_DIFF
FULL 83940392 2_SQL-Backup_Fri-Last-Of-Month-23049
UNKNOWN 84828348 Schedule_new-build

但你需要确定“不同”之类的词语是否可以与“差异”匹配，如果它们恰好出现。

Answer 4

在命令下运行时出错：

Spacedata_1是一个文件 mountpoint是外部变量，具有一些值

grep "$mountpoint" Spacedata_1 |awk -v mountpoint=$mountpoint 'if ($5==mountpoint ) { print $4 }'

将shell变量传递给AWK以获取IF语句

4 个答案:

测试

更新

更新2

测试