Question

我有一个带有数字和字符串值的.CSV文件（简称为file.csv）。该字符串可能包含逗号，因此它们用双引号括起来，如下面的格式。

column1,column2,column3,column4,column5,column6,column7  
12,455,"string, with, quotes, and with, commas, in between",4432,6787,890,88  
4432,6787,"another, string, with, quotes, and, with, multiple, commaz, in between",890,88,12,455  
11,22,"simple, string",77,777,333,22

当我尝试在文件末尾添加空列时，使用以下代码

awk -F, '{NF=13}1' OFS="," file.csv > temp_file.csv

输出不符合我的要求。代码也在计算文本限定符字段中的逗号，并且用双引号括起来。使用上述命令输出文件cat temp_file.csv如下：

column1,column2,column3,column4,column5,column6,column7,,,,,,  
12,455,"string, with, quotes, and with, commas, in between",4432,6787,890,88,  
4432,6787,"another, string, with, quotes, and, with, multiple, commaz, in between",890,88  
11,22,"simple, string",77,777,333,22,,,,,

我需要字段中的字段总数为13.此问题的任何输入都使用 awk 或 sed 非常感谢。

Answer 1

awk -F, '{sub(/ *$/,"");$0=$0 ","}1' OFS=,
column1,column2,column3,column4,column5,column6,column7,
12,455,"string, with, quotes, and with, commas, in between",4432,6787,890,88,
4432,6787,"another, string, with, quotes, and, with, multiple, commaz, in between",890,88,12,455,
11,22,"simple, string",77,777,333,22,

这将删除尾随空格并在末尾添加一个字段。

Answer 2

如果您的输入始终有7个已发布的字段，请选择：

awk '{print $0 ",,,,,,"}' file
sed 's/$/,,,,,,/' file

或删除尾随空格：

awk '{sub(/ *$/,",,,,,,")}1' file
sed 's/ *$/,,,,,,/' file

如果您的输入文件可以包含不同数量的字段，但仍显示标题行：

awk -F, 'NR==1{flds=sprintf("%*s",13-NF,""); gsub(/ /,FS,flds)} {sub(/ *$/,flds)} 1' file
column1,column2,column3,column4,column5,column6,column7,,,,,,
12,455,"string, with, quotes, and with, commas, in between",4432,6787,890,88,,,,,,
4432,6787,"another, string, with, quotes, and, with, multiple, commaz, in between",890,88,12,455,,,,,,
11,22,"simple, string",77,777,333,22,,,,,,

在CSV文件的末尾添加空列

2 个答案: