创建扩展用户配置文件

时间:2009-12-15 20:58:12

标签: django django-registration

我在django中有一个扩展的UserProfile模型:

class UserProfile(models.Model):
  user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True)
  #other things in that profile

还有一个signals.py:

from registration.signals import user_registered
from models import UserProfile
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

def createUserProfile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
  profile = users.models.UserProfile()
  profile.setUser(sender)
  profile.save()

user_registered.connect(createUserProfile, sender=User)

我确保通过在我的__init__.py中输入信号来注册信号:

import signals

那么应该为每个注册的用户创建一个新的UserProfile,对吧?但事实并非如此。我尝试登录时总是得到“UserProfile匹配查询不存在”错误,这意味着数据库条目不存在。

我应该说我使用django-registration,它提供了user_registered信号。

重要应用程序的结构是,我有一个名为“users”的应用程序,我有:models.py,signals.py,urls.py和views.py(以及其他一些不应该的东西)在这里重要)。 UserProfile类在models.py。中定义。

更新:我将signals.py更改为:

from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from models import UserProfile
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

def create_profile(sender, **kw):
    user = kw["instance"]
    if kw["created"]:
        profile = UserProfile()
        profile.user = user
        profile.save()

post_save.connect(create_profile, sender=User)

但现在我得到了“IntegrityError”:

  

“列user_id不是唯一的”

编辑2:

我找到了。看起来我以某种方式注册了两次信号。此处描述了解决方法:http://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/Signals#Helppost_saveseemstobeemittedtwiceforeachsave

我必须添加一个dispatch_uid,现在我的signals.py看起来像这样并且正在工作:

from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from models import UserProfile
from django.db import models

def create_profile(sender, **kw):
    user = kw["instance"]
    if kw["created"]:
        profile = UserProfile(user=user)
        profile.save()

post_save.connect(create_profile, sender=User, dispatch_uid="users-profilecreation-signal")

6 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:30)

您可以在用户上使用post_save实现它:

from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from models import UserProfile
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

def create_profile(sender, **kwargs):
    user = kwargs["instance"]
    if kwargs["created"]:
        profile = users.models.UserProfile()
        profile.setUser(sender)
        profile.save()

post_save.connect(create_profile, sender=User)

修改
另一种可能的解决方案,经过测试和运行(我在我的网站上使用它):

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
def create_profile(sender, **kwargs):
    user = kwargs["instance"]
    if kwargs["created"]:
        up = UserProfile(user=user, stuff=1, thing=2)
        up.save()
post_save.connect(create_profile, sender=User)

答案 1 :(得分:6)

您可以在首次访问每个用户时获取要创建的扩展配置文件:

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True)
    additional_info_field = models.CharField(max_length=50)

User.profile = property(lambda u: UserProfile.objects.get_or_create(user=u)[0])

然后使用

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
user = User.objects.get(pk=1)
user.profile.additional_info_field

参考:http://www.codekoala.com/blog/2009/quick-django-tip-user-profiles/

答案 2 :(得分:6)

这对我有帮助:primary_key = True

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, unique=True, primary_key=True, related_name="user")
    phone = models.CharField(('phone'),max_length=30, blank=False, null=True)
    user_building = models.ManyToManyField(Building, blank=True)
    added_by = models.ForeignKey(User, blank=True, null=True, related_name="added")

答案 3 :(得分:5)

当您致电profile.setUser()时,我认为您希望传递instance而不是sender作为参数。

documentation of the user_registered signalsender引用User类; instance是已注册的实际用户对象。

答案 4 :(得分:1)

根据我的最新研究,创建一个单独的文件,例如singals.py,不起作用。

你最好直接在models.py中将'create_profile'连接到'post_save',否则这段代码将不会被执行,因为它在一个单独的文件中,没有人导入它。

我的最终代码供您参考:

# models.py

# Here goes the definition of class UserProfile.
class UserProfile(models.Model):
    ...

# Use signal to automatically create user profile on user creation.

# Another implementation:
# def create_user_profile(sender, **kwargs):
#     user = kwargs["instance"]
#     if kwargs["created"]:
#         ...
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
    """
    :param sender: Class User.
    :param instance: The user instance.
    """
    if created:
        # Seems the following also works:
        #   UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)
        # TODO: Which is correct or better?
        profile = UserProfile(user=instance)
        profile.save()

post_save.connect(create_user_profile,
                  sender=User,
                  dispatch_uid="users-profilecreation-signal")

答案 5 :(得分:0)

2018年更新:

这个问题收集了很多观点,也许是时候进行更新了。

这是最新Django的最新版本。

from django.dispatch import receiver
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.conf import settings
from models import UserProfile

@receiver(post_save, sender=settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance=None, created=False, **kwargs):
    if created:
        UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)