Question

我是新手，期待和编写脚本。我正在尝试制作一些脚本，以便在拉动网络设备配置时让我的生活更轻松一些。我设法创建一个基本的期望脚本来SSH到设备并保存配置。

我想对此进行扩展，并允许脚本连接到多个IP地址，而不是像我现在所拥有的那样。我有一个名为list.txt的文件，其中包含几个不同的IP地址，每个IP在一个单独的行上。

我需要做什么才能让expect脚本连接到每个IP地址并执行脚本中的其余任务？

这是我到目前为止的Expect脚本：

#!/usr/bin/expect -f
#Tells interpreter where the expect program is located.  This may need adjusting according to
#your specific environment.  Type ' which expect ' (without quotes) at a command prompt
#to find where it is located on your system and adjust the following line accordingly.
#
#
#Use the built in telnet program to connect to an IP and port number
spawn ssh 192.168.1.4 -l admin
#
#The first thing we should see is a User Name prompt
#expect "login as:"
#
#Send a valid username to the device
#send "admin"
#
#The next thing we should see is a Password prompt
expect "Password:"
#
#Send a vaild password to the device
send "password\n"
#
#If the device automatically assigns us to a priviledged level after successful logon,
#then we should be at an enable prompt
expect "Last login:"
#
#Tell the device to turn off paging
#
#After each command issued at the enable prompt, we expect the enable prompt again to tell us the
#command has executed and is ready for another command
expect "admin@"
#
#Turn off the paging
send "set cli pager off\n"
#
#Show us the running configuration on the screen
send "show config running\n"
#
# Set the date.
set date [timestamp -format %C%y%m%d]
#
#Test output sent to file with a timestamp on end
#-noappend will create a new file if one already exists
log_file -noappend /home/test.cfg$date
#
expect "admin@"
#
#Exit out of the network device
send "exit\n"
# 
#The interact command is part of the expect script, which tells the script to hand off control to the user.
#This will allow you to continue to stay in the device for issuing future commands, instead of just closing
#the session after finishing running all the commands.`enter code here`
interact

我是否需要将其与Bash脚本集成？如果是这样，是否可以读取list.txt文件的一行，将其用作IP /主机变量，然后读取下一行并重复？

Answer 1

我会这样做（未经测试）：

#!/usr/bin/expect -f

set logfile "/home/text.cfg[clock format [clock seconds] -format %Y%m%d]"
close [open $logfile w]         ;# truncate the logfile if it exists

set ip_file "list.txt"
set fid [open $ip_file r]

while {[gets $fid ip] != -1} {

    spawn ssh $ip -l admin
    expect "Password:"
    send "password\r"

    expect "admin@"
    send "set cli pager off\r"

    log_file $logfile
    send "show config running\r"

    expect "admin@"
    log_file 

    send "exit\r"
    expect eof

}
close $fid

注意：

我为了简洁而删除了所有评论
使用\r模拟在send命令时点击输入。
我假设您只想记录“show config running”输出
发送“exit”

expect eof

Answer 2

这是此问题的Perl版本：

安装说明：cpan Expect

此脚本完全符合我的需要。

Param 1：connexion string（例如：admin@10.34.123.10）参数2：明文密码参数3：执行命令

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;

use Expect;

my $timeout=1;

my $command="ssh ".$ARGV[0]." ".$ARGV[2];

#print " => $command\n";

my $exp = Expect->spawn($command) or die "Cannot spawn $command: $!\n";
$exp->raw_pty(1);

LOGIN:
$exp->expect($timeout,
        [ 'ogin: $' => sub {
                     $exp->send("luser\n");         
                     exp_continue; }
        ],
    [ 'yes\/no\)\?\s*$' => sub {
              $exp->send("yes\n");
              goto LOGIN;
              }
    ],
        [ 'assword:\s*$' => sub {
                      $exp->send($ARGV[1]."\n");
            #print "password send : ", $ARGV[1];
                      exp_continue; }
        ],
        '-re', qr'[#>:] $'
);
$exp->soft_close();

Answer 3

可能是将IP地址作为期望脚本中的参数传递：

set host_ip [lindex $argv 0]

然后创建一个shell脚本，在while循环中调用expect脚本：

ips_file="list.txt"

while read line
do
    your_expect_script line
done < $ips_file

Answer 4

或使用set ip [gets stdin]从用户输入的IP地址。

例如 -

put＆＃34;输入您的IP地址\ n＆＃34; 设置ip [get stdin]

在spawn中使用它，我们可以使用loop对多个ip地址执行相同的操作 spawn ssh $ ip -l admin

用于SSH的Bash / Expect脚本

4 个答案: