我希望Firebird备份工具gbak将其输出写入Delphi流(没有中间文件)。有一个命令行参数可以写入stdout而不是文件。然后我使用JEDI Execute
中的JclSysUtils
方法启动gbak并处理该输出。
看起来像这样:
procedure DoBackup;
var
LBackupAbortFlag: Boolean;
LBackupStream: TStringStream;
begin
LBackupAbortFlag := False;
LBackupStream := TStringStream.Create;
try
Execute('"C:\path to\gbak.exe" -b -t -v -user SYSDBA -pas "pw" <db> stdout',
LBackupStream.WriteString, // Should process stdout (backup)
SomeMemo.Lines.Append, // Should process stderr (log)
True, // Backup is "raw"
False, // Log is not
@LBackupAbortFlag);
LBackupStream.SaveToFile('C:\path to\output.fbk');
finally
LBackupStream.Free;
end;
end;
问题是输出文件太小而无法包含实际备份。我仍然看到文件内容的元素。我尝试了不同的流类型,但这似乎没有什么区别。这里可能出现什么问题?
要明确:其他解决方案也是受欢迎的。最重要的是,我需要一些可靠的东西。这就是为什么我首先选择JEDI,而不是重新发明这样的事情。然后,如果它不会太复杂,那就太好了。
答案 0 :(得分:6)
当您希望合并stdout和stderr时,我的第一个答案是有效的。但是,如果您需要将这些分开,那么这种方法是没有用的。我现在可以通过仔细阅读您的问题和您的评论,看到您希望将两个输出流分开。
现在,扩展我的第一个答案以涵盖这一点并非完全直截了当。问题是那里的代码使用阻塞I / O.如果你需要维修两个管道,那么就会发生明显的冲突。 Windows中常用的解决方案是异步I / O,在Windows世界中称为重叠I / O.但是,异步I / O的实现要比阻塞I / O复杂得多。
所以,我将提出一种仍然使用阻塞I / O的替代方法。如果我们想要为多个管道服务,并且我们想要使用阻塞I / O,那么显而易见的结论是我们需要为每个管道使用一个线程。这很容易实现 - 比异步选项容易得多。我们可以使用几乎相同的代码,但将阻塞读取循环移动到线程中。我的例子,以这种方式重新工作,现在看起来像这样:
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
SysUtils, Classes, Windows;
type
TProcessOutputPipe = class
private
Frd: THandle;
Fwr: THandle;
public
constructor Create;
destructor Destroy; override;
property rd: THandle read Frd;
property wr: THandle read Fwr;
procedure CloseWritePipe;
end;
constructor TProcessOutputPipe.Create;
const
PipeSecurityAttributes: TSecurityAttributes = (
nLength: SizeOf(TSecurityAttributes);
bInheritHandle: True
);
begin
inherited;
Win32Check(CreatePipe(Frd, Fwr, @PipeSecurityAttributes, 0));
Win32Check(SetHandleInformation(Frd, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0));//don't inherit read handle of pipe
end;
destructor TProcessOutputPipe.Destroy;
begin
CloseHandle(Frd);
if Fwr<>0 then
CloseHandle(Fwr);
inherited;
end;
procedure TProcessOutputPipe.CloseWritePipe;
begin
CloseHandle(Fwr);
Fwr := 0;
end;
type
TReadPipeThread = class(TThread)
private
FPipeHandle: THandle;
FStream: TStream;
protected
procedure Execute; override;
public
constructor Create(PipeHandle: THandle; Stream: TStream);
end;
constructor TReadPipeThread.Create(PipeHandle: THandle; Stream: TStream);
begin
inherited Create(False);
FPipeHandle := PipeHandle;
FStream := Stream;
end;
procedure TReadPipeThread.Execute;
var
Buffer: array [0..4096-1] of Byte;
BytesRead: DWORD;
begin
while ReadFile(FPipeHandle, Buffer, SizeOf(Buffer), BytesRead, nil) and (BytesRead<>0) do begin
FStream.WriteBuffer(Buffer, BytesRead);
end;
end;
function ReadOutputFromExternalProcess(const ApplicationName, CommandLine: string; stdout, stderr: TStream): DWORD;
var
stdoutPipe, stderrPipe: TProcessOutputPipe;
stdoutThread, stderrThread: TReadPipeThread;
StartupInfo: TStartupInfo;
ProcessInfo: TProcessInformation;
lpApplicationName: PChar;
ModfiableCommandLine: string;
begin
if ApplicationName='' then
lpApplicationName := nil
else
lpApplicationName := PChar(ApplicationName);
ModfiableCommandLine := CommandLine;
UniqueString(ModfiableCommandLine);
stdoutPipe := nil;
stderrPipe := nil;
stdoutThread := nil;
stderrThread := nil;
try
stdoutPipe := TProcessOutputPipe.Create;
stderrPipe := TProcessOutputPipe.Create;
ZeroMemory(@StartupInfo, SizeOf(StartupInfo));
StartupInfo.cb := SizeOf(StartupInfo);
StartupInfo.dwFlags := STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW or STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
StartupInfo.wShowWindow := SW_HIDE;
StartupInfo.hStdOutput := stdoutPipe.wr;
StartupInfo.hStdError := stderrPipe.wr;
Win32Check(CreateProcess(lpApplicationName, PChar(ModfiableCommandLine), nil, nil, True,
CREATE_NO_WINDOW or NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, nil, nil, StartupInfo, ProcessInfo));
stdoutPipe.CloseWritePipe;//so that the process is able to terminate
stderrPipe.CloseWritePipe;//so that the process is able to terminate
stdoutThread := TReadPipeThread.Create(stdoutPipe.rd, stdout);
stderrThread := TReadPipeThread.Create(stderrPipe.rd, stderr);
stdoutThread.WaitFor;
stderrThread.WaitFor;
Win32Check(WaitForSingleObject(ProcessInfo.hProcess, INFINITE)=WAIT_OBJECT_0);
Win32Check(GetExitCodeProcess(ProcessInfo.hProcess, Result));
finally
stderrThread.Free;
stdoutThread.Free;
stderrPipe.Free;
stdoutPipe.Free;
end;
end;
procedure Test;
var
stdout, stderr: TFileStream;
ExitCode: DWORD;
begin
stdout := TFileStream.Create('C:\Desktop\stdout.txt', fmCreate);
try
stderr := TFileStream.Create('C:\Desktop\stderr.txt', fmCreate);
try
ExitCode := ReadOutputFromExternalProcess('', 'cmd /c dir /s C:\Windows\system32', stdout, stderr);
finally
stderr.Free;
end;
finally
stdout.Free;
end;
end;
begin
Test;
end.
如果您希望添加取消支持,则只需在用户取消时添加对TerminateProcess
的通话即可。这会使一切停止,函数将返回您提供给TerminateProcess
的退出代码。我现在犹豫是否要为你建议一个取消框架,但我认为这个答案中的代码现在非常接近满足你的要求。
答案 1 :(得分:3)
我希望您的代码失败,因为它试图通过面向文本的流放置二进制数据。在任何情况下,通过几个Win32 API调用来解决您的问题非常简单。我没有看到使用第三方组件进行此任务的任何令人信服的理由。
以下是您需要做的事情:
这是一个简单的演示程序:
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
SysUtils, Classes, Windows;
procedure ReadOutputFromExternalProcess(const ApplicationName, CommandLine: string; Stream: TStream);
const
PipeSecurityAttributes: TSecurityAttributes = (
nLength: SizeOf(PipeSecurityAttributes);
bInheritHandle: True
);
var
hstdoutr, hstdoutw: THandle;
StartupInfo: TStartupInfo;
ProcessInfo: TProcessInformation;
lpApplicationName: PChar;
ModfiableCommandLine: string;
Buffer: array [0..4096-1] of Byte;
BytesRead: DWORD;
begin
if ApplicationName='' then begin
lpApplicationName := nil;
end else begin
lpApplicationName := PChar(ApplicationName);
end;
ModfiableCommandLine := CommandLine;
UniqueString(ModfiableCommandLine);
Win32Check(CreatePipe(hstdoutr, hstdoutw, @PipeSecurityAttributes, 0));
Try
Win32Check(SetHandleInformation(hstdoutr, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0));//don't inherit read handle of pipe
ZeroMemory(@StartupInfo, SizeOf(StartupInfo));
StartupInfo.cb := SizeOf(StartupInfo);
StartupInfo.dwFlags := STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW or STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
StartupInfo.wShowWindow := SW_HIDE;
StartupInfo.hStdOutput := hstdoutw;
StartupInfo.hStdError := hstdoutw;
if not CreateProcess(
lpApplicationName,
PChar(ModfiableCommandLine),
nil,
nil,
True,
CREATE_NO_WINDOW or NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS,
nil,
nil,
StartupInfo,
ProcessInfo
) then begin
RaiseLastOSError;
end;
CloseHandle(ProcessInfo.hProcess);
CloseHandle(ProcessInfo.hThread);
CloseHandle(hstdoutw);//close the write end of the pipe so that the process is able to terminate
hstdoutw := 0;
while ReadFile(hstdoutr, Buffer, SizeOf(Buffer), BytesRead, nil) and (BytesRead<>0) do begin
Stream.WriteBuffer(Buffer, BytesRead);
end;
Finally
CloseHandle(hstdoutr);
if hstdoutw<>0 then begin
CloseHandle(hstdoutw);
end;
End;
end;
procedure Test;
var
Stream: TFileStream;
begin
Stream := TFileStream.Create('C:\Desktop\out.txt', fmCreate);
Try
ReadOutputFromExternalProcess('', 'cmd /c dir /s C:\Windows\system32', Stream);
Finally
Stream.Free;
End;
end;
begin
Test;
end.