泛型方法上奇怪的java泛型编译器行为

时间:2013-09-27 01:24:41

标签: java generics

我正在尝试使用泛型

实现命令patern的非常天真的实现
public abstract class Command { 
}


public interface CommandHandler<H extends Command> {

    boolean isActive();     
    void execute( H command );

}


public class CommandExecutionServiceImpl implements CommandExecutionService {

    private Map< Class<Command>,CommandHandler<Command>> commandMap; 


    public CommandExecutionServiceImpl(){       
        commandMap = new HashMap<Class<Command>, CommandHandler<Command>>();        
    }

    @Override
    public void executeCommand(Command command) {

        CommandHandler<Command> handler = commandMap.get(command.getClass());
        handler.execute(command);       

    }

    @Override
    public boolean isActive(Command command) {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public <H extends Command> void addCommandHandler(Class<H> commandClass, CommandHandler<H> handler) {       

        commandMap.put( commandClass, handler );

    }

编译器失败,

编译失败 CommandExecutionServiceImpl.java:[36,12] put(java.lang.Class,CommandHandler)在java.util.Map,CommandHandler&gt;中不能应用于(java.lang.Class,CommandHandler)

我无法理解为什么编译器无法在commandMap.put(commandClass,handler)中推断出类型;

任何帮助都将不胜感激。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

看起来你想要地图的键和值之间的通用关系。如果支持它可能看起来像这样:

private <H extends Command> Map<Class<H>, CommandHandler<H>> commandMap;

但显然不允许这样做。解决方法是使用Josh Bloch的Typesafe Heterogeneous Container模式:

private Map<Class<? extends Command>, CommandHandler<? extends Command>> commandMap; 

@Override
public <H extends Command> void executeCommand(H command) {

    // addCommandHandler guarantees the safety of this unchecked cast
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    CommandHandler<H> handler = (CommandHandler<H>)commandMap.get(command.getClass());
    handler.execute(command);
}

答案 1 :(得分:1)

您的地图已声明:

Map< Class<Command>,CommandHandler<Command>>

但您尝试输入类型的值:

Class<H> commandClass, CommandHandler<H> handler

其中<H extends Command>

也许你应该在类型为<T extends Command>的CommandExecutionService中添加泛型类型,并将地图声明为:

Map< Class<T>, CommandHandler<T>>

和方法:

public void addCommandHandler (Class<T> commandClass, CommandHandler<T> handler) { ... }