我写了一个小的“水印”程序,为图像添加自定义水印。有两个水印,一个是白色,另一个是黑色。水印始终位于图像的左下侧。我克隆图像的那个区域,以确定应该根据该点放置哪个水印(浅色区域的黑色水印和暗区域的白色水印)。
当我在我的机器上使用应用程序(在调试或正常情况下)时没问题。处理所有图像并在正确的位置添加水印。
但是,在客户端计算机上,程序会破坏在克隆部分上抛出OutOfMemory异常的所有图像。
我知道,当我指定一个超出范围的区域时,也会抛出OutOfMemory Exception,但由于该函数在我的机器上像魅力一样工作,我无法想象是这种情况。除此之外,程序在几次尝试后不会中断,它会破坏所有克隆尝试。
是否有文本(DrawString方法)无关紧要。它破坏了克隆人。
正在处理的图像很大,但不是“巨大”(最多6016 x 4000像素),但即使图像较小(3264 x 2448像素),客户端也会破坏。
变量:
bmOriginal
:原始位图
processImage
:原始图片(pictureBox) - bmOriginal
是此
watermarkText
:文字框,了解水印以下的额外信息
black
和white
:包含水印图片的图片框
watermarkCombo
:用于选择自动,白色或黑色(自动失败)的组合框
代码:
using (Graphics gWatermark = Graphics.FromImage(bmOriginal))
{
gWatermark.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
System.Drawing.SolidBrush drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
// position watermark - watermark should be 10% of the image height
int watermarkHeight = (int)(processImage.Image.Height * 0.1);
int watermarkPadding = (int)(watermarkHeight * 0.1); // not completely true, but asume watermark is square
Rectangle watermarkArea = new Rectangle(watermarkPadding, processImage.Image.Height - (watermarkPadding + (watermarkText.Text.Length == 0 ? 0 : watermarkPadding) + watermarkHeight), watermarkHeight, watermarkHeight);
// determine color watermark
bmWatermark = (Bitmap)black.Image;
if (watermarkCombo.SelectedIndex == 0)
{
using (Bitmap watermarkClone = bmOriginal.Clone(watermarkArea, bmOriginal.PixelFormat))
{
var pixels = Pixels(watermarkClone);
if (pixels.Average((Func<Color, decimal>)Intensity) < 110) // human eye adoption; normal threshold should be 128
{
bmWatermark = (Bitmap)white.Image;
drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.White);
}
}
}
else if (watermarkCombo.SelectedIndex == 1)
{
bmWatermark = (Bitmap)white.Image;
drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.White);
}
// draw the watermark
gWatermark.DrawImage(bmWatermark, watermarkArea.X, watermarkArea.Y, watermarkArea.Width, watermarkArea.Height);
// draw the text (if needed)
if (watermarkText.Text.Length > 0)
{
System.Drawing.Font drawFont = new System.Drawing.Font("Tahoma", (float)watermarkPadding);
gWatermark.DrawString(watermarkText.Text, drawFont, drawBrush, watermarkPadding, bmOriginal.Height - (watermarkPadding * 2));
}
}
bmOriginal.Save(System.IO.Path.Combine(diWatermarked.FullName, fileName), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);
错误行:using (Bitmap watermarkClone = bmOriginal.Clone(watermarkArea, bmOriginal.PixelFormat))
现在最大的问题是:如何摆脱OutOfMemory异常......任何人都有想法?
编辑当我选择不自动确定水印的颜色并只添加水印(假设是白色水印)时,程序正常运行。我在错误日志中看到了堆栈跟踪(在我输出异常的函数的catch上,以及-if-内部异常)。
我知道当你指定一个超出界限的区域时,会发生很多使用克隆功能的OOM异常;但这不是这种情况。
当我在调试模式下使用应用程序时查看我的内存时,我在5.36 Gb程序启动时启动,并在运行执行时启动标准化的5.39 Gb(最大峰值为5.42 Gb)提到,它并不像疯了一样耗费精力。
我使用的代码确定平均“颜色”(它来自StackOverflow上的某个人 - 我只是从其他答案中复制了它,但是找不到链接);
// functions used to determine watermark color
private static decimal ComponentAverage(decimal a, decimal b)
{
return Math.Min(a, b) + Math.Abs(a - b) / 2M;
}
private static decimal Intensity(Color color)
{
decimal result = color.A;
result = ComponentAverage(result, color.R);
result = ComponentAverage(result, color.G);
result = ComponentAverage(result, color.B);
return result;
}
private static IEnumerable<Color> Pixels(Bitmap bitmap)
{
for (int x = 0; x < bitmap.Width; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < bitmap.Height; y++)
yield return bitmap.GetPixel(x, y);
}
SOURCE 此处有一个测试项目:http://hotpepper.nu/oomtestapp.zip
答案 0 :(得分:1)
Leon,我已将您上传的代码更改为不锁定任何资源。 我注意到,如果我保持应用程序打开,我无法删除输出文件夹,因为某些文件正在使用中。这通常意味着您不能释放所有文件句柄,基本上它始终是最后一个文件。
我无法在我的更改之前和之后重现我的计算机上的内存不足问题,似乎是一个非常大的文件的问题?
好吧无论如何,我发现你使用ImageBox来加载白色和黑色资源并从光盘加载图像。这根本不需要,直接使用资源
Bitmap white = OomTestApp.Properties.Resources.white;
Bitmap black = OomTestApp.Properties.Resources.black;
然后从光盘加载图片,只需使用 Bitmap.FromFile
我添加了一些行来正确释放资源.Dispose
,其中没有使用using
块。
我还删除了Clone()
调用因为我认为绝对不需要它,因为你只是在计算原始图像的像素,而在此时你不会在该图像中绘制某些东西。那么克隆图像需要什么呢?
以下是完整代码(在创建文件夹后开始)
if (errors == 0)
{
this.Height = 323;
goButton.Enabled = false;
stopButton.Enabled = true;
Bitmap white = OomTestApp.Properties.Resources.white;
Bitmap black = OomTestApp.Properties.Resources.black;
Bitmap bmWatermark = black;
Bitmap processImage = null;
progressBar1.Maximum = filesToProcess.Count;
foreach (string handleFile in filesToProcess)
{
string fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(handleFile);
fileNameLabel.Text = "File: " + System.IO.Path.GetFileName(handleFile);
try
{
// create backup if checked
if (diOriginal != null)
{
System.IO.File.Move(handleFile, System.IO.Path.Combine(diOriginal.FullName, fileName));
processImage = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile(System.IO.Path.Combine(diOriginal.FullName, fileName));
}
else
{
processImage = (Bitmap)Bitmap.FromFile(handleFile);
}
double aspectRatio = (double)processImage.Width / (double)processImage.Height;
using (Graphics gWatermark = Graphics.FromImage(processImage))
{
gWatermark.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
System.Drawing.SolidBrush drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
// position watermark - watermark should be 10% of the image height
int watermarkHeight = (int)(processImage.Height * 0.1);
int watermarkPadding = (int)(watermarkHeight * 0.1); // not completely true, but asume watermark is square
// calculate rectangle. if there is extra text, add extra padding below
Rectangle watermarkArea = new Rectangle(watermarkPadding, processImage.Height - (watermarkPadding + (watermarkText.Text.Length == 0 ? 0 : watermarkPadding) + watermarkHeight), watermarkHeight, watermarkHeight);
// determine color watermark
bmWatermark = black;
if (watermarkCombo.SelectedIndex == 0)
{
/*using (Bitmap watermarkClone = processImage.Clone(watermarkArea, processImage.PixelFormat))
{*/
var pixels = Pixels(processImage);
if (pixels.Average((Func<Color, decimal>)Intensity) < 110) // human eye adoption; normal threshold should be 128
{
bmWatermark = white;
drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.White);
}
//}
}
else if (watermarkCombo.SelectedIndex == 1)
{
bmWatermark = white;
drawBrush = new System.Drawing.SolidBrush(System.Drawing.Color.White);
}
// draw the watermark
gWatermark.DrawImage(bmWatermark, watermarkArea.X, watermarkArea.Y, watermarkArea.Width, watermarkArea.Height);
// draw the text (if needed)
if (watermarkText.Text.Length > 0)
{
System.Drawing.Font drawFont = new System.Drawing.Font("Tahoma", (float)watermarkPadding);
gWatermark.DrawString(watermarkText.Text, drawFont, drawBrush, watermarkPadding, processImage.Height - (watermarkPadding * 2));
drawFont.Dispose();
}
// disposing resources
drawBrush.Dispose();
}
// save the watermarked file
processImage.Save(System.IO.Path.Combine(diWatermarked.FullName, fileName), System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);
// stop button pressed?
Application.DoEvents();
if (stopProcess) break;
// update exection progress
progressBar1.Value++;
percentLabel.Text = ((int)((progressBar1.Value * 100) / filesToProcess.Count)).ToString() + "%";
fileCountLabel.Text = "File " + progressBar1.Value.ToString() + "/" + filesToProcess.Count.ToString();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
try
{
using (System.IO.StreamWriter sw = new System.IO.StreamWriter(System.IO.Path.Combine(folderText.Text, "errorlog.txt"), true))
{
sw.WriteLine("File: " + fileName);
while (ex != null)
{
sw.WriteLine("Message: " + ex.Message);
sw.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
sw.WriteLine(ex.Source);
ex = ex.InnerException;
}
sw.WriteLine();
}
}
catch
{
// nothing to do - it already failed
}
errors++;
}
finally
{
if (processImage != null) processImage.Dispose();
}
}
// dispose resources
white.Dispose();
black.Dispose();
bmWatermark.Dispose();
if (!stopProcess)
{
// set status to complete
fileCountLabel.Text = "File " + filesToProcess.Count.ToString() + "/" + filesToProcess.Count.ToString();
percentLabel.Text = "100%";
fileNameLabel.Text = "Completed...";
}
else
{
fileNameLabel.Text = "Aborted...";
}
fileNameLabel.Text += errors.ToString() + " error(s) encountered";
// defaults to screen
progressBar1.Value = progressBar1.Maximum;
stopProcess = false;
goButton.Enabled = true;
stopButton.Enabled = false;
答案 1 :(得分:-1)
好吧,我没有阅读页面上的所有内容,但我想知道是否有人提到过Bitmap的“步幅”?基本上,您的位图必须是4个字节的倍数。 我有这个问题拆开网格来制作瓷砖。最后一个图块会出错,因为Bitmap不能被4整除。
步幅是单行像素(扫描线)的宽度, 四舍五入到四字节边界。如果步幅是积极的,那么 位图是自上而下的。如果步幅为负,则位图为 自下而上。 https://softwarebydefault.com/2013/04/11/bitmap-color-balance/