我正在测试这段代码 - 它是一个名为MazeBuilder的类。我的问题是大多数方法都受到保护，所以我无法在测试中访问它们......
所以我的想法是测试应该只关注Run（），所以它访问了很多其他方法。但是我担心只用一种方法就不可能完成任何类型的连贯性测试。
此外，测试2个构造函数的正确方法是什么（MazeBuilder（）和MazeBuilder（布尔确定性））？就目前而言，我只是测试形成的对象不是空的 - 即它们根本就是构建的。是否有更广泛的方法来测试我不知道的构造函数？
package falstad;
public class MazeBuilder implements Runnable {
// Given input information:
protected int width, height ; // width and height of maze,
Maze maze; // reference to the maze that is constructed, results are returned by calling maze.newMaze(..)
private int rooms; // requested number of rooms in maze, a room is an area with no walls larger than a single cell
int expectedPartiters; // user given limit for partiters
// Produced output information to create the new maze
// root, cells, dists, startx, starty
protected int startx, starty ; // starting position inside maze for entity to search for exit
// conventional encoding of maze as a 2 dimensional integer array encapsulated in the Cells class
// a single integer entry can hold information on walls, borders/bounds
protected Cells cells; // the internal representation of a maze as a matrix of cells
protected Distance dists ; // distance matrix that stores how far each position is away from the exit positino
// class internal local variables
protected SingleRandom random ; // random number stream, used to make randomized decisions, e.g for direction to go
Thread buildThread; // computations are performed in own separated thread with this.run()
//int colchange; // randomly selected in run method of this thread, used as parameter to Segment class constructor
/**
* Constructor for a randomized maze generation
*/
public MazeBuilder(){
random = SingleRandom.getRandom();
}
/**
* Constructor with option to make maze generation deterministic or random
*/
public MazeBuilder(boolean deterministic){
if (true == deterministic)
{
System.out.println("Project 2: functionality to make maze generation deterministic not implemented yet! Fix this!");
// Control random number generation
// TODO: implement code that makes sure that if MazeBuilder.build is called for same skill level twice, same results
// HINT: check http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Random.html and file SingleRandom.java
}
random = SingleRandom.getRandom();
}
/**
* Provides the sign of a given integer number
* @param num
* @return -1 if num < 0, 0 if num == 0, 1 if num > 0
*/
static int getSign(int num) {
return (num < 0) ? -1 : (num > 0) ? 1 : 0;
}
/**
* This method generates a maze.
* It computes distances, determines a start and exit position that are as far apart as possible.
*/
protected void generate() {
// generate paths in cells such that there is one strongly connected component
// i.e. between any two cells in the maze there is a path to get from one to the other
// the search algorithm starts at some random point
generatePathways();
final int[] remote = dists.computeDistances(cells) ;
// identify cell with the greatest distance
final int[] pos = dists.getStartPosition();
startx = pos[0] ;
starty = pos[1] ;
// make exit position at true exit in the cells data structure
setExitPosition(remote[0], remote[1]);
}
/**
* This method generates pathways into the maze.
*
*/
protected void generatePathways() {
int[][] origdirs = new int[width][height] ;
int x = random.nextIntWithinInterval(0, width-1) ;
int y = 0;
final int firstx = x ;
final int firsty = y ;
int dir = 0;
int origdir = dir;
cells.setVisitedFlagToZero(x, y);
while (true) {
int dx = Constants.DIRS_X[dir];
int dy = Constants.DIRS_Y[dir];
if (!cells.canGo(x, y, dx, dy)) {
dir = (dir+1) & 3;
if (origdir == dir) {
if (x == firstx && y == firsty)
break;
int odr = origdirs[x][y];
dx = Constants.DIRS_X[odr];
dy = Constants.DIRS_Y[odr];
x -= dx;
y -= dy;
origdir = dir = random.nextIntWithinInterval(0, 3);
}
} else {
cells.deleteWall(x, y, dx, dy);
x += dx;
y += dy;
cells.setVisitedFlagToZero(x, y);
origdirs[x][y] = dir;
origdir = dir = random.nextIntWithinInterval(0, 3);
}
}
}
/**
* Establish valid exit position by breaking down wall to outside area.
* @param remotex
* @param remotey
*/
protected void setExitPosition(int remotex, int remotey) {
int bit = 0;
if (remotex == 0)
bit = Constants.CW_LEFT;
else if (remotex == width-1)
bit = Constants.CW_RIGHT;
else if (remotey == 0)
bit = Constants.CW_TOP;
else if (remotey == height-1)
bit = Constants.CW_BOT;
else
dbg("Generate 1");
cells.setBitToZero(remotex, remotey, bit);
//System.out.println("exit position set to zero: " + remotex + " " + remotey + " " + bit + ":" + cells.hasMaskedBitsFalse(remotex, remotey, bit)
// + ", Corner case: " + ((0 == remotex && 0 == remotey) || (0 == remotex && height-1 == remotey) || (width-1 == remotex && 0 == remotey) || (width-1 == remotex && height-1 == remotey)));
}
static final int MIN_ROOM_DIMENSION = 3 ;
static final int MAX_ROOM_DIMENSION = 8 ;
/**
* Allocates space for a room of random dimensions in the maze.
* The position of the room is chosen randomly. The method is not sophisticated
* such that the attempt may fail even if the maze has ample space to accommodate
* a room of the chosen size.
* @return true if room is successfully placed, false otherwise
*/
private boolean placeRoom() {
// get width and height of random size that are not too large
// if too large return as a failed attempt
final int rw = random.nextIntWithinInterval(MIN_ROOM_DIMENSION, MAX_ROOM_DIMENSION);
if (rw >= width-4)
return false;
final int rh = random.nextIntWithinInterval(MIN_ROOM_DIMENSION, MAX_ROOM_DIMENSION);
if (rh >= height-4)
return false;
// proceed for a given width and height
// obtain a random position (rx,ry) such that room is located on as a rectangle with (rx,ry) and (rxl,ryl) as corner points
// upper bound is chosen such that width and height of room fits maze area.
final int rx = random.nextIntWithinInterval(1, width-rw-1);
final int ry = random.nextIntWithinInterval(1, height-rh-1);
final int rxl = rx+rw-1;
final int ryl = ry+rh-1;
// check all cells in this area if they already belong to a room
// if this is the case, return false for a failed attempt
if (cells.areaOverlapsWithRoom(rx, ry, rxl, ryl))
return false ;
// since the area is available, mark it for this room and remove all walls
// from this on it is clear that we can place the room on the maze
cells.markAreaAsRoom(rw, rh, rx, ry, rxl, ryl);
return true;
}
static void dbg(String str) {
System.out.println("MazeBuilder: "+str);
}
/**
* Fill the given maze object with a newly computed maze according to parameter settings
* @param mz maze to be filled
* @param w width of requested maze
* @param h height of requested maze
* @param roomct number of rooms
* @param pc number of expected partiters
*/
public void build(Maze mz, int w, int h, int roomct, int pc) {
init(mz, w, h, roomct, pc);
buildThread = new Thread(this);
buildThread.start();
}
/**
* Initialize internal attributes, method is called by build() when input parameters are provided
* @param mz maze to be filled
* @param w width of requested maze
* @param h height of requested maze
* @param roomct number of rooms
* @param pc number of expected partiters
*/
private void init(Maze mz, int w, int h, int roomct, int pc) {
// store parameters
maze = mz;
width = w;
height = h;
rooms = roomct;
expectedPartiters = pc;
// initialize data structures
cells = new Cells(w,h) ;
dists = new Distance(w,h) ;
//colchange = random.nextIntWithinInterval(0, 255); // used in the constructor for Segments class Seg
}
static final long SLEEP_INTERVAL = 100 ; //unit is millisecond
/**
* Main method to run construction of a new maze with a MazeBuilder in a thread of its own.
* This method is called internally by the build method when it sets up and starts a new thread for this object.
*/
public void run() {
// try-catch block to recognize if thread is interrupted
try {
// create an initial invalid maze where all walls and borders are up
cells.initialize();
// place rooms in maze
generateRooms();
Thread.sleep(SLEEP_INTERVAL) ; // test if thread has been interrupted, i.e. notified to stop
// put pathways into the maze, determine its starting and end position and calculate distances
generate();
Thread.sleep(SLEEP_INTERVAL) ; // test if thread has been interrupted, i.e. notified to stop
final int colchange = random.nextIntWithinInterval(0, 255); // used in the constructor for Segments class Seg
final BSPBuilder b = new BSPBuilder(maze, dists, cells, width, height, colchange, expectedPartiters) ;
BSPNode root = b.generateBSPNodes();
Thread.sleep(SLEEP_INTERVAL) ; // test if thread has been interrupted, i.e. notified to stop
// dbg("partiters = "+partiters);
// communicate results back to maze object
maze.newMaze(root, cells, dists, startx, starty);
}
catch (InterruptedException ex) {
// necessary to catch exception to avoid escalation
// exception mechanism basically used to exit method in a controlled way
// no need to clean up internal data structures
// dbg("Catching signal to stop") ;
}
}
static final int MAX_TRIES = 250 ;
/**
* Generate all rooms in a given maze where initially all walls are up. Rooms are placed randomly and of random sizes
* such that the maze can turn out to be too small to accommodate the requested number of rooms (class attribute rooms).
* In that case less rooms are produced.
* @return generated number of rooms
*/
private int generateRooms() {
// Rooms are randomly positioned such that it may be impossible to place the all rooms if the maze is too small
// to prevent an infinite loop we limit the number of failed to MAX_TRIES == 250
int tries = 0 ;
int result = 0 ;
while (tries < MAX_TRIES && result <= rooms) {
if (placeRoom())
result++ ;
else
tries++ ;
}
return result ;
}
/**
* Notify the maze builder thread to stop the creation of a maze and to terminate
*/
public void interrupt() {
buildThread.interrupt() ;
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：6)
要对受保护的方法进行单元测试，只需将测试类放在与要测试的类相同的包中（在本例中为falsted）。仅仅因为它们位于同一个包中，并不意味着它们必须位于同一目录中（只是一个并行的测试目录层次结构）。
例如，如果您使用的是maven，则您的来源将位于src/main/java/falsted，您的测试将位于src/test/java/falsted。从maven的角度来看，这些是单独的目录，因此可以轻松地单独管理，而从Java的角度来看，它们是相同的包（因此受保护的方法是可见的）。
通过探测对象的状态来测试构造函数，以确保所有值都获得其默认值或初始值。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
您可以在测试方法中使用protected。建议您构建项目的方法是。
在src / main / java
中package falstad;
public class MazeBuilder {}
在src / test / java
中package falstad;
public class MazeBuilderTest {}