是否可以从Java中的外部对象访问隐藏字段?

时间:2013-09-22 18:46:22

标签: java inheritance superclass member-hiding

考虑一个类,隐藏超类的成员。如果实现克隆,那么如何正确更新两个成员?

public class Wrapper implements Cloneable{
   protected Collection core;
   protected Wrapper(Collection core) {
      this.core = core;
   }
   public Wrapper clone() {
      try {
         Wrapper ans = (Wrapper) super.clone();
         ans.core = (Collection) core.getClass().newInstance();
         for(Object o : core) {
            ans.core.add( o.clone() );
         }
         return ans;
      }
      catch(CloneNotSupportedException e) {
         throw new AssertionError(e);
      }
   }
}

public class Child extend Wrapper {
   protected ArrayList core; // for simpler access
   public Child() {
      super(new ArrayList());
      this.core = (ArrayList) super.core;
   }
   public Child clone() {
      Child ans = (Child) super.clone();
      ans.core ... // how to update both core members?
      // ans.super.core ... ?
      // ans.this.core ... ?
   }
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

标准方法是将Child投射到Wrapper以访问其隐藏字段。

简单示例:

public class Test {

public static class A {
    protected String field = "I'm class A";
}

public static class B extends A {
    protected String field = "I'm class B";
}

/**
 * @param args
 */
public static void main(String[] args) {
    B b = new B();
    System.out.println(b.field); // prints "I'm class B"
    System.out.println(((A) b).field); //prints "I'm class A"
}

}

但是你为什么要隐藏这个领域?这会导致编程错误并使您的代码难以阅读。我建议使用getter和setter访问该字段。实际上,我建议在Wrapper中声明抽象getter和setter,以强制子类提供相应的字段。

致以最诚挚的问候,

SAM