我最近创建了一个程序,它会根据用户输入创建数学问题。通过输入1-4,程序可以生成问题,或者用户可以通过输入5退出。我遇到的唯一问题是,当我输入一个字符时,程序进入无限循环。我可以使用什么函数来检查输入是否不是数字,以便显示错误消息?
//CIS180 Assignment #4
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
//Declare variables.
int num1, num2, menuNum;
int addInput, subInput, multInput, divInput;
int addAnswer, subAnswer, multAnswer, divAnswer;
int addSolution, subSolution, multSolution, divSolution;
srand(time(0));
//Display menu.
cout << "Menu" << endl;
cout << "1. Addition problem" << endl;
cout << "2. Subtraction problem" << endl;
cout << "3. Multiplication problem" << endl;
cout << "4. Division problem" << endl;
cout << "5. Quit this program" << endl << endl;
cout << "Enter your choice (1-5): " << endl;
cin >> menuNum;
//Loop that will provide math problems when user inputs number.
while(menuNum != 5)
{
//Check if the input is valid.
while((menuNum < 1) || (menuNum >5))
{
cout << "The valid choices are 1, 2, 3 , 4, and 5. Please choose: " << endl;
cin >> menuNum;
}
//Generate two random numbers for addition and display output.
if(menuNum == 1)
{
num1 = rand()%500 + 1;
num2 = rand()%500 + 1;
addSolution = num1 + num2;
cout << setw(5) << right << num1 << endl;
cout << setw(2) << left << "+" << setw(3) << right << num2 << endl;
cout << setw(5) << fixed << "-----" << endl;
cin >> addAnswer;
//Check if the addition answer input is correct.
if(addAnswer != addSolution)
cout << "Sorry, the correct answer is " << addSolution << "." << endl;
else if(addAnswer == addSolution)
cout << "Congratulations! That's right." << endl << endl;
}
.
.
.
答案 0 :(得分:7)
首先,您应该检测输入尝试是否成功:始终在读取之后检查读取尝试是否成功。接下来,当您确定无法读取值时,您需要使用clear()
将流重置为良好状态,并且您需要删除任何不良字符,例如,使用{{1 }}。鉴于通常输入字符,即,用户必须在使用字符之前点击返回,通常可以获得整行。例如:
ignore()
使用for (choice = -1; !(1 <= choice && choice <= 5); ) {
if (!(std::cin >> choice)) {
std::cout << "invalid character was added (ignoring the line)\n";
std::cin.clear();
std::cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n');
}
}
是获取幻数的方法,该数字使std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max()
必要的字符数量必要,直到找到具有第二个参数值的字符为止。
答案 1 :(得分:4)
实际上,忘记第2步。只需检查它是否是您真正想要的数字字符之一('1'
,'2'
,'3'
,'4'
,{{ 1}}):
'5'
答案 2 :(得分:1)
您可以使用ctype.h中的isdigit