Question

MySQL中的日期列的默认日期格式为YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS。

我尝试加载的数据文件的日期字段的日期格式为DD-MON-YY HH:MM:SS。当我使用LOAD DATA命令加载此文件时，数据库会混淆并将所有日期条目设为0000-00-00 00:00:00或NULL

以下是我使用STR_TO_DATE选项进行的测试，但不起作用。

测试infile（test_temp.csv）

c1, c2
07-JUN-12 22:50:19, "abc"
07-JUN-13 22:50:19, "bcd"

测试表（temp_test）

describe temp_test;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| c1    | datetime    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| c2    | varchar(10) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

数据加载命令：

load data
infile '/var/lib/mysql/DataSet-1/temp_test.csv'
ignore
into table temp_test
fields terminated by ','
enclosed by '"'
lines terminated by '\r\n'
ignore 1 lines
(@var_c1,c2)
set c1 = STR_TO_DATE(@var_c1,'%d-%b-%y %h:%i:%s');

输出

Query OK, 2 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0

MySQL> show warnings;
+-------+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Level | Code | Message                                                                 |
+-------+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Error | 1411 | Incorrect datetime value: '07-JUN-12 22:50:19' for function str_to_date |
| Error | 1411 | Incorrect datetime value: '07-JUN-13 22:50:19' for function str_to_date |
+-------+------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

MySQL> select * from temp_test;
+------+------+
| c1   | c2   |
+------+------+
| NULL | abc  |
| NULL | bcd  |
+------+------+

问题是

输入日期列（应为07-JUN-12或07-Jun-12）或
使用我的格式字符串（%d-%b-%y）或
别的什么？

Answer 1

STR_TO_DATE()的格式字符串无效。您的示例数据中的小时数为24小时格式（%H或%k），而不是12小时（%h）。您可以看到所有可能的日期格式说明符here。

更改

%d-%b-%y %h:%i:%s

到

%d-%b-%y %H:%i:%s
         ^^

您的陈述可能如下所示

LOAD DATA INFILE '/path/to/temp_test.csv'
IGNORE INTO TABLE temp_test
  FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
  LINES TERMINATED BY '\r\n' -- or '\n'
  IGNORE 1 LINES
(@c1, c2)
SET c1 = STR_TO_DATE(@c1,'%d-%b-%y %H:%i:%s');

加载样本数据后

mysql> select * from temp_test;
+---------------------+------+
| c1                  | c2   |
+---------------------+------+
| 2012-06-07 22:50:19 | abc  |
| 2013-06-07 22:50:19 | bcd  |
+---------------------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Answer 2

由于我遇到了类似的问题，但传入日期格式不同，如果您的传入日期格式如下，您可以采取以下措施，

示例输入日期格式

Tuesday, May 24, 2016
Wednesday, May 25, 2016

您需要使用其他日期格式

%W, %b %d, %Y

以下是指向mysql documentation和list of date formats的链接，但简要说明，

日期部分，

%Y Year, numeric, four digits
%y Year, numeric (two digits)
%c Month, numeric (0..12)
%m Month, numeric (00..12)
%M Month name (January..December)
%b Abbreviated month name (Jan..Dec)
%d Day of the month, numeric (00..31)
%e Day of the month, numeric (0..31)
%D Day of the month with English suffix (0th, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ?-)

平日，

%W Weekday name (Sunday..Saturday)
%a Abbreviated weekday name (Sun..Sat)
%w Day of the week (0=Sunday..6=Saturday)
%j Day of year (001..366)

时间

%T  Time, 24-hour (hh:mm:ss)
%r  Time, 12-hour (hh:mm:ss followed by AM or PM)
%H  Hour (00..23)
%h  Hour (01..12)
%I  Hour (01..12)
%k  Hour (0..23)
%l  Hour (1..12)
%i  Minutes, numeric (00..59)
%S  Seconds (00..59)
%s  Seconds (00..59)
%f  Microseconds (000000..999999)
%p  AM or PM

上面没有列出其他模式。

LOAD DATA INFILE '/path/to/temp_test.csv'
IGNORE INTO TABLE temp_test
  FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
  LINES TERMINATED BY '\r\n' #use '\n' for linux
  IGNORE 1 LINES
(@var_col1, col2)
SET col1 = STR_TO_DATE(@var_col1,'%d-%b-%y %H:%i:%s');

Answer 3

LOAD DATA INFILE '/path/to/temp_test.csv'
IGNORE INTO TABLE temp_test
  FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
  LINES TERMINATED BY '\r\n' -- or '\n'
  IGNORE 1 LINES
(@c1, c2)
SET c1 = IF(CHAR_LENGTH((@c1)) = 0, NULL, (CONCAT(SUBSTRING(@c1e,7,4),SUBSTRING(@c1,3,4),SUBSTRING(@c1,1,2),SUBSTRING(@c1,11,9))));

使用LOAD DATA时如何在MySQL中加载日期数据

3 个答案: