Question

我安装了Oracle 11g r2，有2个数据库（se3和mydb，都有db_domain .orcl，即mydb.orcl和se3.orcl）运行就好了直到昨天。但突然间我得到了ORA-12514错误（TNS：监听器不知道连接描述符中请求的服务）..

我的tnsnames.ora文件：

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: G:\oracledb\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER_MYDB =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))


ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = CLRExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

MYDB =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = mydb.orcl)
    )
  )

SE3 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = se3.orcl)
    )
  )

LISTENER_SE3 =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

LISTENER.ORA FILE:
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: G:\oracledb\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = G:\oracledb\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
      (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:G:\oracledb\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = G:\oracledb

我能够“tnsping mydb / se3”很好..试图更改tnsnames.ora和listener.ora文件（现已恢复）但无法通过sqlplus或sqldeveloper / visual studio连接到其中任何一个.. plz帮帮我..谢谢！

Answer 1

基于您自己的评论“我能够设置ORACLE_SID但无法通过sqlplus连接... ORA-01034 - Oracle不可用”很可能是您的数据库实例已关闭。从理论上讲，可以在进程中运行基础Windows服务OracleServiceMYDB和相应的oracle.exe，但数据库实例已关闭。最好的办法是在服务器上查找包含alert_mydb.log的跟踪目录，并查看最后的条目。

如果数据库没有运行且警报日志没有显示严重错误，请按以下方式启动：

set ORACLE_SID=MYDB
set ORACLE_HOME=D:\my\oracle\home

%ORACLE_HOME%\bin\sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
ORACLE not available.
SQL> STARTUP 
SQL> EXIT

lsnrctl services

最后一个命令应该显示MYDB已注册。继续ORACLE_SID = SE3

Answer 2

就我而言，尝试通过 SQL * Plus 从仅限客户端计算机连接时，我收到 ORA-12514 错误远程数据库：

C:\Temp>sqlplus username@connect_descriptor

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Sep 24 09:43:04 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter password:
ERROR:
ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect
descriptor

我发现这令人费解，因为 tnsping 成功回应：

C:\Temp>tnsping connect_descriptor

TNS Ping Utility for 32-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 24-SEP-2
014 09:48:04

Copyright (c) 1997, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:
D:\Oracle\product\11.2.0\client_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora


Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = host
.intranet.com)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =
HOST13)))
OK (20 msec)

最终，我在 tnsnames.ora 文件中将我的问题追踪为错误的SERVICE_NAME值：

CONNECT_DESCRIPTOR =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = host.intranet.com)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = HOST13)
    )
  )

将HOST13（通过普通文本编辑器）更改为SERVICE_NAME的正确值后，我就能够连接到远程Oracle数据库。

在我的Oracle 11.2客户端计算机上，这里是 tnsnames.ora 的位置：

C:\Oracle\product\11.2.0\client_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora

突然得到ORA-12514错误Oracle 11gr2

2 个答案: