MySQL结构帮助连接(大表)

时间:2009-12-10 15:11:25

标签: mysql performance join

我目前有2个表用于带简单连接的选择查询。第一个表包含大约6-9百万行,这被用作连接。主表可以是1mil到300mil的行。但是,我注意到当我在主表上加入10mil以上的行时,select查询从瞬间变为非常慢(3秒以上并且增长)。

这是我的表结构和查询。

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `links` (
  `link_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
  `domain_id` mediumint(7) unsigned NOT NULL,
  `parent_id` int(11) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,
  `hash` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
  `url` text NOT NULL,
  `type` enum('html','pdf') DEFAULT NULL,
  `processed` enum('N','Y') NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  UNIQUE KEY `hash` (`hash`),
  KEY `idx_processed` (`processed`),
  KEY `domain_id` (`domain_id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT;


CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `domains` (
  `domain_id` mediumint(7) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(170) NOT NULL,
  `blocked` enum('N','Y') NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
  `count` mediumint(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `mcount` mediumint(3) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`domain_id`),
  KEY `name` (`name`),
  KEY `blocked` (`blocked`),
  KEY `mcount` (`mcount`),
  KEY `count` (`count`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=10834389 ;

查询:

(SELECT link_id, url, hash FROM links, domains WHERE links.domain_id = domains.domain_id and mcount > 1 and processed='N' limit 200) 
UNION
(SELECT link_id, url, hash FROM links where processed='N' and type='html' limit 200)

解释选择:

| id | select_type  | table      | type  | possible_keys           | key      |     key_len | ref                       | rows    | Extra       |
+----+--------------+------------+-------+-------------------------+---------------        +---------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+
|  1 | PRIMARY      | domains    | range | PRIMARY,mcount          | mcount        | 3       | NULL                      |  257673 | Using where | 
|  1 | PRIMARY      | links      | ref   | idx_processed,domain_id | domain_id     | 3       | crawler.domains.domain_id |       1 | Using where | 
|  2 | UNION        | links      | ref   | idx_processed           | idx_processed | 1       | const                     | 7090017 | Using where | 
| NULL | UNION RESULT | <union1,2> | ALL   | NULL                    | NULL          | NULL    | NULL                      |    NULL |             | 
+----+--------------+------------+-------+-------------------------+---------------+---------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+

现在,我正在使用domain_id作为密钥尝试在链接上有20个分区的分区。

非常感谢任何其他选择。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

单个SELECT语句将替换整个UNION语句:

SELECT link_id, url, hash
FROM links, domains 
WHERE links.domain_id = domains.domain_id 
      AND mcount > 1
      AND processed='N' 
      AND type='html'

这可能不是您正在寻找的答案,但它可以帮助您简化您的问题。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

当事情突然变慢时,您可能想要检查索引的大小(在查询执行中使用)与各种mysql缓冲区的大小。