需要在我的ruby代码中使用'each-do'块进行说明

时间:2013-09-14 06:53:11

标签: ruby xpath nokogiri

给出一个html文件:

<div>
    <div class="NormalMid">
        <span class="style-span">
            "Data 1:"
            <a href="http://site.com/data/1">1</a>
            <a href="http://site.com/data/2">2</a>
        </span>
    </div>
   ...more divs
    <div class="NormalMid">
        <span class="style-span">
            "Data 20:"  
            <a href="http://site.com/data/20">20</a>
            <a href="http://site.com/data/21">21</a>
            <a href="http://site.com/data/22">22</a>
            <a href="http://site.com/data/23">23</a>
        </span>
    </div>
    ...more divs
</div

使用这些SO帖子作为参考: How do I integrate these two conditions block codes to mine in Ruby?How to understand this Arrays and loops in Ruby?

我的代码:

require 'nokogiri'
require 'pp'
require 'open-uri'

data_file = 'site.htm'
file = File.open(data_file, 'r')
html = open(file)
page = Nokogiri::HTML(html)
page.encoding = 'utf-8'

rows = page.xpath('//div[@class="NormalMid"]')
details = rows.collect do |row|
    detail = {}
    [
        [row.children.first.element_children,row.children.first.element_children],
    ].each do |part, link|
        data = row.children[0].children[0].to_s.strip
        links = link.collect {|item| item.at_xpath('@href').to_s.strip}
        detail[data.to_sym] = links
    end
    detail
end
details.reject! {|d| d.empty?}
pp details

输出:

[{:"Data 1:"=>
   ["http://www.site.com/data/1",
    "http://www.site.com/data/2"]},
 ...
 {:"Data 20 :"=>
   ["http://www.site.com/data/20",
    "http://www.site.com/data/21",
    "http://www.site.com/data/22",
    "http://www.site.com/data/20",]},
 ... 
}]

一切都很顺利,正是我想要的。

如果您更改以下代码行:

 detail = {}
    [
       [row.children.first.element_children,row.children.first.element_children],
    ].each do |part, link| 

为:

 detail = {}
    [
       [row.children.first.element_children],
    ].each do |link| 

我得到了

的输出
[{:"Data 1:"=>
   ["http://www.site.com/data/1"]},
 ...
 {:"Data 20 :"=>
   ["http://www.site.com/data/20"]},
 ... 
}]

只有第一个锚点href存储在数组中。

我只需要澄清为什么它的表现方式,因为参数列表中的参数part没有被使用,我想我不需要它。但是如果我删除相应的row.children.first.element_children,我的程序也无法正常工作。

[[obj,obj],].each do区块发生了什么?我刚刚开始ruby一周前,我仍然习惯了语法,任何帮助将不胜感激。谢谢你:D

修改 rows[0].children.first.element_children[0]将有输出

Nokogiri::XML::Element:0xcea69c name="a" attributes=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Attr:0xcea648
name="href" value="http://www.site.com/data/1">] children[<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0xcea1a4
"1">]>

puts rows[0].children.first.element_children[0]

 <a href="http://www.site.com/data/1">1</a>

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

您的代码过于复杂。看看你的代码,你似乎想要得到类似下面的内容:

require 'nokogiri'

doc = Nokogiri::HTML::Document.parse <<-eotl
<div>
    <div class="NormalMid">
        <span class="style-span">
            "Data 1:"
            <a href="http://site.com/data/1">1</a>
            <a href="http://site.com/data/2">2</a>
        </span>
    </div>
    <div class="NormalMid">
        <span class="style-span">
            "Data 20:"  
            <a href="http://site.com/data/20">20</a>
            <a href="http://site.com/data/21">21</a>
            <a href="http://site.com/data/22">22</a>
            <a href="http://site.com/data/23">23</a>
        </span>
    </div>
</div
eotl

rows = doc.xpath("//div[@class='NormalMid']/span[@class='style-span']")
val = rows.map do |row|
    [row.at_xpath("./text()").to_s.tr('"','').strip,row.xpath(".//@href").map(&:to_s)]
end

Hash[val]
# => {"Data 1:"=>["http://site.com/data/1", "http://site.com/data/2"],
#     "Data 20:"=>
#      ["http://site.com/data/20",
#       "http://site.com/data/21",
#       "http://site.com/data/22",
#       "http://site.com/data/23"]}
  

[[obj,obj],]中发生了什么。每个都阻止?

看下面两部分:

[[1],[4,5]].each do |a|
  p a
end
# >> [1]
# >> [4, 5]

[[1,2],[4,5]].each do |a,b|
    p a, b
end
# >> 1
# >> 2
# >> 4
# >> 5