如何从字符串生成流?

时间:2009-12-10 08:14:34

标签: c# unit-testing string stream

我需要为一个获取来自文本文件的流的方法编写单元测试。我想做这样的事情:

Stream s = GenerateStreamFromString("a,b \n c,d");

13 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:858)

public static Stream GenerateStreamFromString(string s)
{
    var stream = new MemoryStream();
    var writer = new StreamWriter(stream);
    writer.Write(s);
    writer.Flush();
    stream.Position = 0;
    return stream;
}

不要忘记使用使用:

using (var stream = GenerateStreamFromString("a,b \n c,d"))
{
    // ... Do stuff to stream
}

关于StreamWriter未被处置。 StreamWriter只是基本流的包装器,不使用任何需要处理的资源。 Dispose方法将关闭Stream正在写入的基础StreamWriter。在这种情况下,这是我们想要返回的MemoryStream

在.NET 4.5中,StreamWriter现在有一个重载,它会在处理器被处理后保持底层流的打开,但是这段代码也可以用于其他版本的.NET。

请参阅Is there any way to close a StreamWriter without closing its BaseStream?

答案 1 :(得分:640)

另一种解决方案:

public static MemoryStream GenerateStreamFromString(string value)
{
    return new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(value ?? ""));
}

答案 2 :(得分:105)

将其添加到静态字符串实用程序类:

public static Stream ToStream(this string str)
{
    MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
    StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream);
    writer.Write(str);
    writer.Flush();
    stream.Position = 0;
    return stream;
}

这会添加一个扩展功能,您可以简单地:

using (var stringStream = "My string".ToStream())
{
    // use stringStream
}

答案 3 :(得分:37)

public Stream GenerateStreamFromString(string s)
{
    return new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s));
}

答案 4 :(得分:22)

使用MemoryStream类,调用Encoding.GetBytes首先将字符串转换为字节数组。

您是否随后在流媒体上需要TextReader?如果是这样,您可以直接提供StringReader,并绕过MemoryStreamEncoding步骤。

答案 5 :(得分:13)

我使用了这样的答案:

public static Stream ToStream(this string str, Encoding enc = null)
{
    enc = enc ?? Encoding.UTF8;
    return new MemoryStream(enc.GetBytes(str ?? ""));
}

然后我就这样使用它:

String someStr="This is a Test";
Encoding enc = getEncodingFromSomeWhere();
using (Stream stream = someStr.ToStream(enc))
{
    // Do something with the stream....
}

答案 6 :(得分:9)

你走了:

private Stream GenerateStreamFromString(String p)
{
    Byte[] bytes = UTF8Encoding.GetBytes(p);
    MemoryStream strm = new MemoryStream();
    strm.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
    return strm;
}

答案 7 :(得分:9)

我们使用下面列出的扩展方法。我认为你应该让开发人员对编码做出决定,因此所涉及的魔法就更少了。

var app = angular.module('app', []);

app.factory('MyService', ['$http',function($http) {
    return {
       getData: function() {
          return $http.get('/api/endpoint');
       }
    };
}]);

app.controller('MyController', ['$scope', '$http', 'MyService', function($scope, $http, MyService){
   MyService.getData().then(function(response){
     $scope.myVarialbe = response.data;
   });
}]);


app.controller('MyController2', ['$scope', '$http', 'MyService', function($scope, $http, MyService){
  ///// ?????? How to get $scope.myVarialbe updated from the getData call?
   });
}]);

答案 8 :(得分:8)

我认为您可以使用MemoryStream受益。您可以使用GetBytesEncoding class方法填充您获得的字符串字节。

答案 9 :(得分:6)

ToStream的扩展方法的现代化和略微修改版本:

public static Stream ToStream(this string value) => ToStream(value, Encoding.UTF8);

public static Stream ToStream(this string value, Encoding encoding) 
                          => new MemoryStream(encoding.GetBytes(value ?? string.Empty));

@ Palec对@Shaun Bowe回答的评论中提出的修改。

答案 10 :(得分:0)

如果您需要更改编码,我投票支持 @ShaunBowe 的解决方案。但是这里的每个答案至少会将整个字符串复制到内存中一次。 ToCharArray + BlockCopy组合的答案两次。

如果这很重要,那么这里是原始UTF-16字符串的简单Stream包装器。如果与StreamReader一起使用,请为其选择Encoding.Unicode

public class StringStream : Stream
{
    private readonly string str;

    public override bool CanRead => true;
    public override bool CanSeek => true;
    public override bool CanWrite => false;
    public override long Length => str.Length * 2;
    public override long Position { get; set; } // TODO: bounds check

    public StringStream(string s) => str = s ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(s));

    public override long Seek(long offset, SeekOrigin origin)
    {
        switch (origin)
        {
            case SeekOrigin.Begin:
                Position = offset;
                break;
            case SeekOrigin.Current:
                Position += offset;
                break;
            case SeekOrigin.End:
                Position = Length - offset;
                break;
        }

        return Position;
    }

    private byte this[int i] => (i & 1) == 0 ? (byte)(str[i / 2] & 0xFF) : (byte)(str[i / 2] >> 8);

    public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
    {
        // TODO: bounds check
        var len = Math.Min(count, Length - Position);
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
            buffer[offset++] = this[(int)(Position++)];
        return (int)len;
    }

    public override int ReadByte() => Position >= Length ? -1 : this[(int)Position++];
    public override void Flush() { }
    public override void SetLength(long value) => throw new NotSupportedException();
    public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) => throw new NotSupportedException();
    public override string ToString() => str; // ;)     
}

here是带有必要的边界检查的更完整的解决方案(源自MemoryStream,因此它也具有ToArrayWriteTo方法)。

答案 11 :(得分:-1)

/// <summary>
/// Get Byte[] from String
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static byte[] GetBytes(string str)
{
  byte[] bytes = new byte[str.Length * sizeof(char)];
  System.Buffer.BlockCopy(str.ToCharArray(), 0, bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
  return bytes;
}

/// <summary>
/// Get Stream from String
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static Stream GetStream(string str)
{
  return new MemoryStream(GetBytes(str));
}

答案 12 :(得分:-1)

字符串扩展的良好组合:

public static byte[] GetBytes(this string str)
{
    byte[] bytes = new byte[str.Length * sizeof(char)];
    System.Buffer.BlockCopy(str.ToCharArray(), 0, bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
    return bytes;
}

public static Stream ToStream(this string str)
{
    Stream StringStream = new MemoryStream();
    StringStream.Read(str.GetBytes(), 0, str.Length);
    return StringStream;
}