Question

我正在尝试创建一个简单的shell脚本，以便我在本地MAMP Web开发环境中添加/设置新站点。我有以下脚本，但需要添加到我的VHOSTS.conf文件末尾的文本包含双引号，并在尝试写入文件时抛出错误。当需要附加的字符串包含双引号时，如何将文本添加到文件末尾？

clear

echo "Enter the name of the dev site you want to add (ie: mysite.dev): "
read devname
echo "Enter the name of the directory where your site lives (ie: /Volumes/Clients/AIA/Website/Dev/): "
read directory
echo "$directory is what you typed in. Your record will be added"

echo '<VirtualHost *:8888>
ServerName $devname
DocumentRoot "$directory"
<Directory "$direcotry">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>' >> /Applications/MAMP/conf/apache/vhosts.conf

echo ""
echo "Your record has successfully been added for $devname

Answer 1

变量插值在单引号内不起作用。您可以使用双引号然后使用\"转义字符串中的引号。

echo "<VirtualHost *:8888>
ServerName $devname
DocumentRoot \"$directory\"
<Directory \"$directory\">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>" >> /Applications/MAMP/conf/apache/vhosts.conf

或者，对于长多行字符串，您可能更喜欢heredoc语法。您可以在开头<<TOKEN分隔一个长字符串，在结尾TOKEN分隔，其中TOKEN是任意字。它允许您自由使用单引号和双引号，而不必逃避它们。

Heredocs是在stdin而不是在命令行上传递的，所以你也可以将echo切换到cat。

cat >> /Applications/MAMP/conf/apache/vhosts.conf <<CONF
<VirtualHost *:8888>
ServerName $devname
DocumentRoot "$directory"
<Directory "$directory">
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
CONF

Answer 2

变量需要放在双引号旁边才能展开。您还必须使用\ \"引用带有双引号的实例，即echo "<VirtualHost *:8888> ServerName $devname DocumentRoot \"$directory\" <Directory \"$direcotry\"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost>" >> /Applications/MAMP/conf/apache/vhosts.conf。

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如何通过包含双引号的shell脚本将文本添加到文件末尾

2 个答案: