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Question

我正在运行这个lwjgl应用程序：

Display.setDisplayMode(new DisplayMode(500, 500));
Display.create();

glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glOrtho(-5, 5, -5, 5, -10, 5);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

float x = 0;
while (!Display.isCloseRequested()) {
    Display.update();

    glClear(GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
    glColor3f(1, 0, 0);
    x += 0.01f;
    glRotatef(x, x, 3 * x, 0.5f * x);
    glBegin(GL_QUADS);
    drawCube();
    glEnd();
    glLoadIdentity();
}
Display.destroy();

其中基本上在窗口中绘制1x1x1立方体。方法drawCube()就是这样：

public void drawCube() {
    glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);          // Set The Color To Green
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0f);           // Top Right Of The Quad (Top)
    glVertex3f(0f, 1.0f, 0f);             // Top Left Of The Quad (Top)
    glVertex3f(0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);           // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Top)
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);         // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Top)

    glColor3f(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f);          // Set The Color To Orange
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 0f, 1.0f);           // Top Right Of The Quad (Bottom)
    glVertex3f(0f, 0f, 1.0f);             // Top Left Of The Quad (Bottom)
    glVertex3f(0f, 0f, 0f);               // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Bottom)
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 0f, 0f);             // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Bottom)

    glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);          // Set The Color To Red
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);         // Top Right Of The Quad (Front)
    glVertex3f(0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);           // Top Left Of The Quad (Front)
    glVertex3f(0f, 0f, 1.0f);             // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Front)
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 0f, 1.0f);           // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Front)

    glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);          // Set The Color To Yellow
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 0f, 0f);             // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Back)
    glVertex3f(0f, 0f, 0f);               // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Back)
    glVertex3f(0f, 1.0f, 0f);             // Top Right Of The Quad (Back)
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0f);           // Top Left Of The Quad (Back)

    glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);          // Set The Color To Blue
    glVertex3f(0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);           // Top Right Of The Quad (Left)
    glVertex3f(0f, 1.0f, 0f);             // Top Left Of The Quad (Left)
    glVertex3f(0f, 0f, 0f);               // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Left)
    glVertex3f(0f, 0f, 1.0f);             // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Left)

    glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);          // Set The Color To Violet
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0f);           // Top Right Of The Quad (Right)
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);         // Top Left Of The Quad (Right)
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 0f, 1.0f);           // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Right)
    glVertex3f(1.0f, 0f, 0f);             // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Right)
}

输出：

Horrible picture

对我来说线条非常可怕，lwjgl有抗锯齿吗？如果是，我该如何启用它？

Answer 1

对于抗锯齿，您可以使用多重采样。要启用它，请向Display.create（）;添加PixelFormat参数。这是一个例子：

Display.create(new PixelFormat(/*Alpha Bits*/8, /*Depth bits*/ 8, /*Stencil bits*/ 0, /*samples*/8));我不确定前3个参数是做什么的 - 这些是我找到的值here。我也看到人们使用Display.create（新的PixelFormat（8,0,0,8））。

注意：如果你将AA设置得太高（或其他值不正确的值），它将抛出一个LWJGLException。

希望这有帮助。

PS为迟到的答案道歉。

Answer 2

VBO示例

这是VBO存储两个三角形的顶点和纹理坐标并渲染它的一个小例子！

我认为你知道如何加载和绑定纹理。

创建VBO

这是您创建实际的顶点和纹理坐标缓冲区并将它们存储到GPU上的代码。

int vertices = 6;

int vertex_size = 3; // X, Y, Z,
int texture_size = 2; // U, V,

FloatBuffer vertex_data = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(vertices * vertex_size);
vertex_data.put(new float[] { -1f, 1f, 0f, }); // Vertex
vertex_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 1f, 0f, }); // Vertex
vertex_data.put(new float[] { -1f, -1f, 0f, }); // Vertex

vertex_data.put(new float[] { 1f, -1f, 0f, }); // Vertex
vertex_data.put(new float[] { -1f, -1f, 0f, }); // Vertex
vertex_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 1f, 0f, }); // Vertex

FloatBuffer texture_data = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(vertices * texture_size);
texture_data.put(new float[] { 0f, 1f, }); // Texture Coordinate
texture_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 1f, }); // Texture Coordinate
texture_data.put(new float[] { 0f, 0f, }); // Texture Coordinate

texture_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 0f, }); // Texture Coordinate
texture_data.put(new float[] { 0f, 0f, }); // Texture Coordinate
texture_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 1f, }); // Texture Coordinate

vertex_data.flip();
texture_data.flip();

int vbo_vertex_handle = glGenBuffers();
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_vertex_handle);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertex_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

int vbo_texture_handle = glGenBuffers();
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_texture_handle);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, texture_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

渲染VBO

然后，当您想要渲染VBO时，您需要执行以下操作。

texture.bind();

glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_vertex_handle);
glVertexPointer(vertex_size, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0l);

glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_texture_handle);
glTexCoordPointer(texture_size, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0l);

glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);

glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vertices); // The vertices is of course the max vertices count, in this case 6

glDisableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);
glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);

glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

texture.unbind();

删除VBO

然后，当您完成VBO并且不再需要它时，您可以通过执行以下操作将其删除。

glDeleteBuffers(vbo_vertex_handle);
glDeleteBuffers(vbo_texture_handle);

LWJGL / OpenGL - 静态导入

import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.*;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL15.*;

信息

你只需要创建一次VBO（为每个帧创建一个非常糟糕），所以如果你使用VBO来存储你的地形。然后，如果发生了一些变化，那么只有在那一点你想要更新VBO，否则就保持原样。如果你将VBO用于地形并且地形非常大，那么用它自己的VBO将地形分成不同的地形块。

附加

如果您有Wavefront OBJ模型，并且想要多次渲染它，那么最好的方法是将整个模型加载到一个VBO。然后你会做一些Instancing来在多个位置多次渲染它等等。

更新

VBO的一个小例子，用于存储三角形的顶点和颜色并进行渲染！

创建VBO。

这是您创建实际的顶点和颜色缓冲区并将它们绑定到VBO的代码。

int vertices = 3;

int vertex_size = 3; // X, Y, Z,
int color_size = 3; // R, G, B,

FloatBuffer vertex_data = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(vertices * vertex_size);
vertex_data.put(new float[] { -1f, -1f, 0f, });
vertex_data.put(new float[] { 1f, -1f, 0f, });
vertex_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 1f, 0f, });
vertex_data.flip();

FloatBuffer color_data = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(vertices * color_size);
color_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 0f, 0f, });
color_data.put(new float[] { 0f, 1f, 0f, });
color_data.put(new float[] { 0f, 0f, 1f, });
color_data.flip();

int vbo_vertex_handle = glGenBuffers();
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_vertex_handle);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertex_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

int vbo_color_handle = glGenBuffers();
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_color_handle);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, color_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

渲染VBO。

这是您需要调用的代码，用于渲染VBO。

glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_vertex_handle);
glVertexPointer(vertex_size, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0l);

glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_color_handle);
glColorPointer(color_size, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0l);

glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glEnableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY);

glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vertices);

glDisableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);

导入和删除缓冲区的代码与前面的示例相同！

更新2 - 完成示例

好的，这是一个包含顶点和颜色的VBO的完整示例。该示例仅为100％LWJGL！

当我运行以下代码时，这是我得到的理想结果。

Test Image

import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.*;
import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL15.*;

import java.nio.FloatBuffer;

import org.lwjgl.BufferUtils;
import org.lwjgl.input.Keyboard;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.Display;
import org.lwjgl.opengl.DisplayMode;

public class VBOTest
{
    public final static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int width = 1280;
        int height = 720;

        try
        {
            Display.setTitle("VBO Test");
            Display.setDisplayMode(new DisplayMode(width, height));

            Display.create();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            ex.printStackTrace();

            System.exit(0);
        }

        /*
         * Initialize OpenGL States
         */

        glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
        glLoadIdentity();

        glOrtho(0f, width, height, 0f, -1f, 1f);

        glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
        glLoadIdentity();

        glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
        glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);

        glEnable(GL_BLEND);
        glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);

        glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
        glCullFace(GL_BACK);

        glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST);

        /*
         * Creating the Vertex & Color VBO
         */

        final int VERTEX_SIZE = 3; // X, Y, Z,
        final int COLOR_SIZE = 4; // R, G, B, A,

        int vertices = 6;

        int vbo_vertex_handle;
        int vbo_color_handle;

        FloatBuffer vertex_data = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(vertices * VERTEX_SIZE);

        float half_width = 200f;
        float half_height = 200f;

        vertex_data.put(new float[] { -half_width, -half_height, 0f, });
        vertex_data.put(new float[] { -half_width, half_height, 0f, });
        vertex_data.put(new float[] { half_width, -half_height, 0f, });

        vertex_data.put(new float[] { half_width, half_height, 0f, });
        vertex_data.put(new float[] { half_width, -half_height, 0f, });
        vertex_data.put(new float[] { -half_width, half_height, 0f, });

        vertex_data.flip();

        FloatBuffer color_data = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(vertices * COLOR_SIZE);

        color_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 0f, 0f, 1f, });
        color_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 0f, 1f, 1f, });
        color_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 1f, 0f, 1f, });

        color_data.put(new float[] { 0f, 1f, 0f, 1f, });
        color_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 1f, 0f, 1f, });
        color_data.put(new float[] { 1f, 0f, 1f, 1f, });

        color_data.flip();

        vbo_vertex_handle = glGenBuffers();
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_vertex_handle);
        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertex_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

        vbo_color_handle = glGenBuffers();
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_color_handle);
        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, color_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

        /*
         * Main Rendering Loop
         */

        boolean running = true;

        while (running)
        {
            running = (!Display.isCloseRequested() && !Keyboard.isKeyDown(Keyboard.KEY_ESCAPE));

            glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
            glLoadIdentity();

            glPushMatrix();
            {
                glTranslatef(width / 2f, height / 2f, 0f);

                glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_vertex_handle);
                glVertexPointer(VERTEX_SIZE, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0l);
                glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

                glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_color_handle);
                glColorPointer(COLOR_SIZE, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0l);
                glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

                glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
                glEnableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY);

                glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vertices);

                glDisableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
                glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
            }
            glPopMatrix();

            glFlush();

            Display.sync(60);
            Display.update();
        }

        /*
         * Dispose Elements
         */

        glDeleteBuffers(vbo_vertex_handle);
        glDeleteBuffers(vbo_color_handle);

        Display.destroy();

        System.exit(0);
    }
}

使用lwjgl启用消除锯齿功能

2 个答案:

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