Bash Shell脚本错误:./ myDemo:56:语法错误:未终止的引用字符串

时间:2009-12-07 16:55:23

标签: bash syntax-error

有人可以看看这段代码并找出它有什么问题吗?

#!/bin/sh
while :
do
    echo " Select one of the following options:"
    echo " d or D) Display today's date and time"
    echo " l or L) List the contents of the present working directory"
    echo " w or W) See who is logged in"
    echo " p or P) Print the present working directory"
    echo " a or A) List the contents of a specified directory"
    echo " b or B) Create a backup copy of an ordinary file"
    echo " q or Q) Quit this program"
    echo " Enter your option and hit <Enter>: \c"
    read option 
    case "$option" in
        d|D) date
             ;;
        l|L) ls $PWD
             ;;
        w|w) who
                 ;;
        p|P) pwd
             ;;
        a|A) echo "Please specify the directory and hit <Enter>: \c"
             read directory
                    if [ "$directory = "q" -o "Q" ]
                then
                    exit 0
                fi

                while [ ! -d "$directory" ]
                do
                        echo "Usage: "$directory" must be a directory."
                    echo "Re-enter the directory and hit <Enter>: \c"
                    read directory

                        if [ "$directory" = "q" -o "Q" ]
                        then    
                            exit 0

                        fi

                done
                    printf ls "$directory"

            ;;  
            b|B) echo "Please specify the ordinary file for backup and hit <Enter>: \c"
             read file
                if [ "$file" = "q" -o "Q" ]
                then
                    exit 0
                fi     

                while [ ! -f "$file" ]
                do
                    echo "Usage: \"$file\" must be an ordinary file."
                    echo "Re-enter the ordinary file for backup and hit <Enter>: \c"
                    read file
                        if [ "$file" = "q" -o "Q" ]
                        then
                            exit 0
                        fi              
                done
                    cp "$file" "$file.bkup"
                 ;;

        q|Q) exit 0
             ;;

    esac
    echo
done
exit 0

有一些我无法弄清楚的语法错误。但是我应该注意,在这个unix系统上,echo -e不起作用(不要问我为什么我不知道,我没有任何权限来改变它,即使我不被允许到)

Bash Shell脚本错误:“。/ myDemo。/ myDemo:第62行:意外令牌done' ./myDemo: line 62:附近的语法错误”[已编辑]

  

编辑:我修复了while语句错误,但现在我运行了   脚本有些东西还没有   工作正常。

     
      
  1. 似乎在b | B)切换语句中

         

    cp $ file $ file.bkup 没有   实际上将文件复制到file.bkup?

  2.   
  3. 在a | A)开关语句

  4. 中         

    ls“$ directory”不会打印用户要查看的目录列表   ?

#!/bin/bash
while $TRUE
do
        echo " Select one of the following options:"
        echo " d or D) Display today's date and time"
        echo " l or L) List the contents of the present working directory"
        echo " w or W) See who is logged in"
        echo " p or P) Print the present working directory"
        echo " a or A) List the contents of a specified directory"
        echo " b or B) Create a backup copy of an ordinary file"
        echo " q or Q) Quit this program"
        echo " Enter your option and hit <Enter>: \c"
        read option
        case "$option" in
                d|D) date
                     ;;
                l|L) ls pwd
                     ;;
                w|w) who
                     ;;
                p|P) pwd
                     ;;
                a|A) echo "Please specify the directory and hit <Enter>: \c"
                     read directory
                        if [ ! -d "$directory"  ]
                        then
                                while [ ! -d "$directory" ]
                                do
                                        echo "Usage: "$directory" must be a directory."
                                        echo "Specify the directory and hit <Enter>: \c"
                                        read directory

                                        if [ "$directory" = "q" -o "Q" ]
                                        then
                                        exit 0

                                        elif [ -d "$directory" ]
                                        then
                                                ls "$directory"

                                        else
                                        continue
                                        fi
                                done
                        fi
                        ;;
                b|B) echo "Specify the ordinary file for backup and hit <Enter>: \c"
                     read file
                        if [ ! -f "$file" ]
                         then
                                while [ ! -f "$file" ]
                                do 
                                        echo "Usage: "$file" must be an ordinary file."
                                        echo "Specify the ordinary file for backup and hit <Enter>: \c"
                                        read file
                                        if [ "$file" = "q" -o "Q" ]
then
                                        exit 0
                                        elif [ -f "$file" ]
                                        then
                                        cp $file $file.bkup
                                        fi
                                done
                        fi
                        ;;

                q|Q) exit 0
                     ;;

        esac
        echo
done
exit 0

另一件事......是否有一个可以用来自动解析代码的编辑器?那类似于NetBeans的东西?

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

在第二个do之后,您错过了while。 ('B'案例;将其与其上方的'A'案例进行比较。)

我使用gvim,它会突出显示shell脚本,但我认为你需要将编辑器作为一个单独的问题。


至于你修改过的问题: 您的逻辑在AB情况下都被破坏了:您需要从if / while嵌套中提取备用逻辑... if实际上并没有为您。此外,请务必引用所有文件名,以便空格不会破坏您的脚本。转义嵌套引号。我相信在使用-e的echo语句中需要\c

所以做更多的事情:

b|B) echo -e "Specify the ordinary file for backup and hit <Enter>: \c"
    read file
    while [ ! -f "$file" ]
    do 
        echo "Usage: \"$file\" must be an ordinary file."
        echo -e "Specify the ordinary file for backup and hit <Enter>: \c"
        read file
        if [ "$file" = "q" -o "$file" = "Q" ]
        then
            exit 0
        fi
    done
    cp "$file" "$file.bkup"
    ;;

您需要对A案例进行同样的更改。

答案 1 :(得分:3)

A)目录列表部分中的两个问题。

  1. -o连接不像您认为的那样工作。应该是:

                if [ "$directory" = "q" -o "$directory" = "Q" ]
    
  2. 你的外部“if”需要一个“else”来处理这样一个案例,当时给出的目录确实是一个目录。

  3. B)备份部分有两个相同的问题。修复这些,两个命令选项都可以。

答案 2 :(得分:2)

您在大多数地方引用了$file变量,但在cp命令中却没有。它应该是:

cp "$file" "$file.bkup"

您的一些echo命令最后有“\ c”。我认为这是针对csh的。 Bash将直接回显字符“\”和“c”。

您的语句while $TRUE因变量为null或未设置而起作用。如果它被设置为某个值,它将尝试将内容作为命令执行。如果你想做那种类型的无限循环,它通常用Bash完成:

while true

其中true是shell内置的。或者:

while :

冒号是一个返回true的no-op。当然还有其他方法可以完成同样的事情。

l|L)案例中你可能想要这样做:

ls

ls $PWD

现在的方式,它将尝试列出名为“pwd”的文件的条目。

vim和nano都可以为Bash进行语法高亮显示。如果尚未在~/.nanorc~/.vimrc中设置它们,您可以执行以下操作:

for nano:

nano -Y sh scriptname

对于vim:

:syntax on
:set filetype=sh

答案 3 :(得分:1)

1)你不要用这么多的回声..来创建一个菜单系统,你可以在这里使用cat-document,例如

cat <<EOF
-------------------------------------------------------
Select one of the following options:
d or D) Display today's date and time
l or L) List the contents of the present working directory
w or W) See who is logged in
p or P) Print the present working directory
a or A) List the contents of a specified directory
b or B) Create a backup copy of an ordinary file
q or Q) Quit this program
--------------------------------------------------------
EOF

甚至可以这样做

echo "-------------------------------------------------------
Select one of the following options:
d or D) Display today's date and time
l or L) List the contents of the present working directory
w or W) See who is logged in
p or P) Print the present working directory
a or A) List the contents of a specified directory
b or B) Create a backup copy of an ordinary file
q or Q) Quit this program
--------------------------------------------------------"

2)当要求使用选择选项时,您可以使用带-p的读取,例如

read -p "Enter your option and hit <Enter>: " choice

3)printf比echo更便携,因此你应该尽可能使用它。