从Excel VBA运行嵌套的Access SQL Query

时间：2013-08-30 16:21:27

标签： sql vba ms-access join excel-vba

抱歉标题没有那么具体，但是英语不是我的第一语言，我无法更好地解释。这不是关于如何从Excel VBA在Access数据库上运行查询的问题，我知道如何做到这一点。我请求帮助，因为我有一个内置到Access中用于测试的工作SQL查询，我需要在启用宏的Excel电子表格中启动它。 比赛：我正在构建一个由Access数据库（“被动”，它只存储数据）和一些与之交互的Excel电子表格组成的工具。我需要这样，因为用户必须使用它，所以我不能改变它。我有一些函数可以让我与DB进行通信，预先构建我需要的字符串。在这种情况下，我想读取查询的记录集结果。 VBA的功能如下：

Public Function Read_Recordset(ByVal stSQL1 As String) As ADODB.Recordset
Dim cnt As ADODB.Connection
Dim stDB As String
Dim stConn As String
Dim wbBook As Workbook
Dim wsSheet1 As Worksheet

 'Instantiate the ADO-objects.
Set cnt = New ADODB.Connection
Set Read_Recordset = New ADODB.Recordset

 'Path to the database.
stDB = Foglio1.Cells(1, 2)

 'Create the connectionstring.
stConn = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" _
& "Data Source=" & stDB & ";"

With cnt
    .Open (stConn) 'Open the connection.
    .CursorLocation = adUseClient 'Necessary to disconnect the recordset.
End With
Debug.Print stSQL1

With Read_Recordset
    .Open stSQL1, cnt 'Create the recordset.
    Set .ActiveConnection = Nothing 'Disconnect the recordset.
End With

'Release objects from the memory.
cnt.Close
Set cnt = Nothing
End Function

现在，在Access数据库中，我已经构建了我需要的查询，这非常复杂，但工作正常：

SELECT TOP 2 *
FROM (
SELECT C.Name, format(O.Freight,"#0.00") as Freight, format((O.Forwarding+
C.FixedFee + O.Freight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 + O.Freight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+(
Switch
(
1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,
C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85>C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85
)
- C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight),"#0.00") as
AdditionalCosts,format((O.Freight+(O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee +
O.Freight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 + O.Freight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+(
Switch
(
1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,
C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85>C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85
)
- C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight)),"#0.00") as TotalCost
FROM Temp_TaxableWeights AS T INNER JOIN (Weight_Ranges AS W INNER JOIN (Carriers AS C
INNER JOIN [OBPT_Groupage&LorryOwner] AS O ON C.[ID] = O.[CarrierID]) ON W.ID =
O.WeightRangeID) ON T.CarrierID = C.ID
WHERE (((W.WeightMin)< T.TaxableWeight) AND ((W.WeightMax)>= T.TaxableWeight) AND
((O.DistrictID)=35)) AND O.RateTypeID=4
UNION SELECT C.Name, format(O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight,"#0.00") as Freight,
format((O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee + O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 +
O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+(
Switch
(
1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,
C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85>C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85
)
-C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight),"#0.00")
as AdditionalCosts,format((O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight +O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee +
O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 +
O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+(
Switch
(
1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,
C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85>C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85
)
-C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight),"#0.00")
as TotalCost
FROM Temp_TaxableWeights AS T INNER JOIN (Weight_Ranges AS W INNER JOIN (Carriers AS C
INNER JOIN [OBPT_Groupage&LorryOwner] AS O ON C.[ID] = O.[CarrierID]) ON W.ID =
O.WeightRangeID) ON T.CarrierID = C.ID
WHERE (((W.WeightMin)< T.TaxableWeight) AND ((W.WeightMax)>= T.TaxableWeight) AND
((O.DistrictID)=35)) AND O.RateTypeID=8
ORDER BY TotalCost ASC
)  AS Best2Quotations;

这给了我想要的结果：

query results

现在我的问题。我需要从Excel电子表格中启动此查询，因为它不会像我在Access to test中所写的那样是静态的：某些值是从表单本身中获取的。但是，我甚至无法运行静态的。我正在尝试使用此代码：

Public Sub btnCalcQuotations_Click()
Dim stSQL As String
Dim rstTemp As ADODB.Recordset
Dim RealWeight As Double, Volume As Double

stSQL = "SELECT TOP 2 * FROM (SELECT C.Name, format(O.Freight," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as Freight, format((O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee + O.Freight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 + O.Freight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+(Switch(1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,C.FuelReferencePrice , 1.85 > C.FuelReferencePrice, 1.85)" & _
            "- C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight)," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as AdditionalCosts,format((O.Freight+(O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee + O.Freight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 + O.Freight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+ (Switch(1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,C.FuelReferencePrice , 1.85 > C.FuelReferencePrice, 1.85)" & _
            "- C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight))," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as TotalCost,W.WeightMin, W.WeightMax, C.FuelReferencePrice,C.IndexedFuelSurcharge FROM Temp_TaxableWeights AS T INNER JOIN (Weight_Ranges AS W INNER JOIN (Carriers AS C INNER JOIN [OBPT_Groupage&LorryOwner] AS O ON C.[ID] = O.[CarrierID])" & _
            "ON W.ID = O.WeightRangeID) ON T.CarrierID = C.ID WHERE (((W.WeightMin) < T.TaxableWeight) And ((W.WeightMax) >= T.TaxableWeight) And ((O.DistrictID) = 35)) And O.RateTypeID = 4 UNION SELECT C.Name, format(O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as Freight, format((O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee + O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 +" & _
            "O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+ (Switch(1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,C.FuelReferencePrice , 1.85 > C.FuelReferencePrice, 1.85) - C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight)," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as AdditionalCosts,format((O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight +O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee + O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 + O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+" & _
            "(Switch(1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,C.FuelReferencePrice, 1.85 > C.FuelReferencePrice, 1.85)- C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight)," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as TotalCost,W.WeightMin, W.WeightMax, C.FuelReferencePrice, C.IndexedFuelSurcharge FROM Temp_TaxableWeights AS T INNER JOIN (Weight_Ranges AS W INNER JOIN (Carriers AS C INNER JOIN [OBPT_Groupage&LorryOwner] AS O ON C.[ID] = O.[CarrierID]) ON W.ID = O.WeightRangeID) ON T.CarrierID = C.ID" & _
            "WHERE (((W.WeightMin) < T.TaxableWeight) And ((W.WeightMax) >= T.TaxableWeight) And ((O.DistrictID) = 35)) And O.RateTypeID = 8 ORDER BY TotalCost ASC)"
Set rstTemp = Read_Recordset(stSQL)
With rstTemp
    If Not .EOF Then
        r = Application.WorksheetFunction.Match("Trasportatore", Columns(24), 0) + 2
        .MoveFirst
        While Not .EOF
            Cells(r, 24) = !Name
            Cells(r, 25) = !Freight
            Cells(r, 26) = !AdditionalCost
            Cells(r, 27) = !TotalCost
            .MoveNext
        Wend
    End If
End With
End Sub

在实际读取数据的那一刻，我无法让它工作，所以以前的Read_Recordset VBA函数的这一行：

 .Open stSQL1, cnt 'Create the recordset.

它返回了一个运行时错误，上面写着：

“不支持JOIN表达”（或类似的，我的是意大利语）

我非常挣扎，经过花费大量时间在Access中查询查询后，我无法忍受无法从Excel启动它的想法。 任何建议或替代解决方案？ 任何事都会非常感激。 的问候，

马

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：2)

为了将来参考，可以从ADO激活在Access中构建的查询，如下所示（注意：如果您的查询实际上有参数，则只需附加参数。）

    'Create Variables
    dim cmd as new adodb.command, cn as new adodb.connection

    'Establish db connection
    cn.connectionstring = "Data Source=MyDataSource.accdb;Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;"
    cn.Open

    'Create and assign parameter values
    Set parStartDate = .CreateParameter("Enter Start Date", adDate, adParamInput, 10)
    Set parEndDate = .CreateParameter("Enter End Date", adVarChar, adParamInput, 10)
        parStartDate.Value = sStartDate
        parEndDate.Value = sEndDate

    'Set up command attribute, assign param objects to command object 
    'so that these are passed through as well

    With cmd
    .CommandType = adCmdStoredProc
    .Parameters.Append parStartDate
    .Parameters.Append parEndDate
    Set .ActiveConnection = cn
    .CommandText = "MyQueryName"
    .Execute
    End With

这对于访问数据库中的更改操作的操作查询有效，但是如果需要返回记录集，那么只需像往常一样打开记录集，但是使用命令对象而不是sql打开它字符串：

rs.Open(cmd)

希望这会有所帮助：）

相关问题
最新问题