Question

我没有使用rails，我正在尝试使用ActiveRecord来更轻松地使用现有数据库。这只是一个脚本，所以我没有database.yml或任何其他文件。我使用

设置了数据库连接

ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(
  adapter:    'postgresql',
  host:       'thehosthere',
  database:   'management',
  username:   'management_readonly',
  password:   '',
  port:       '5432'
)

我对数据库并不熟悉，所以我只会说明我对这个数据库的了解。有很多架构。我感兴趣的模式是具有表“host”的管理模式。我在脚本中创建了一个类Host：

class Host < ActiveRecord::Base
    self.table_name = "host"
end

然后我尝试将符合条件的所有行提取到此查询中并将其存储到数组中。

servers = Host.where(:realm => 'stage', :status => 'UP').pluck(:hostname)

但我每次都会收到此错误。

 ruby environments_are_okDev.rb
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:768:in `exec': PG::UndefinedTable: ERROR:  relation "host" does not exist (ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid)
LINE 5:                WHERE a.attrelid = '"host"'::regclass
                                          ^
:               SELECT a.attname, format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod),
                     pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid), a.attnotnull, a.atttypid,
a.atttypmod
                FROM pg_attribute a LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef d
                  ON a.attrelid = d.adrelid AND a.attnum = d.adnum
               WHERE a.attrelid = '"host"'::regclass
                 AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
               ORDER BY a.attnum
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:768:in `exec_no_cache'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb:138:in `block in exec_query'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:425:in `block in log'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activesupport-4.0.0/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:420:in `log'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb:137:in `exec_query'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:915:in `column_definitions'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb:174:in `columns'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb:114:in `block in prepare_default_proc'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb:56:in `yield'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb:56:in `default'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb:56:in `columns'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb:208:in `columns'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb:247:in `column_names'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb:60:in `block in method_missing'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/relation.rb:270:in `scoping'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/relation/delegation.rb:60:in `method_missing'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb:152:in `block in pluck'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb:151:in `map!'
        from /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p448/gems/activerecord-4.0.0/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb:151:in `pluck'
        from environments_are_okDev.rb:51:in `run'
        from environments_are_okDev.rb:97:in `<main>'

我真的不明白为什么会发生这种情况，所以我尝试用这个命令ActiveRecord::Base.connection.tables看看数据库的样子，但我得到的只是一个空数组。我不确定会发生什么。我显然做错了什么，我只是弄不清楚是什么。请记住，这只是一个文件脚本。

编辑：

如果我使用ActiveRecord::Base.connection.schema_names，我可以看到模式。这给了我一个数组=> ["db_stats", "management", "management_audit", "public"]使用pgadmin，我知道我想要的表在管理中，所以如何访问它？

Answer 1

在致电schema_search_path时尝试添加establish_connection：

ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(
  adapter:    'postgresql',
  host:       'thehosthere',
  database:   'management',
  username:   'management_readonly',
  password:   '',
  port:       5432,
  schema_search_path: 'management' # <-- ???
)

使用不带rails的ActiveRecord连接到现有的Postgresql数据库

1 个答案: