模板函子包装器,可以返回void或非void值

时间:2013-08-29 17:22:04

标签: c++ templates c++11 metaprogramming

如何从模板函子包装器返回任意类型(void或non-void)?我使用包装器用于前置和后置条件,因此我需要在从包装器返回之前将返回值存储在局部变量中。但是当返回的类型为void时,编译器会给出错误,因为变量不能具有void类型。可以在这做什么?

template <typename Functor, typename... Args>
auto Decorate(Functor f, Args&&... args)
-> decltype(f(std::forward<Args>(args)...)) {
    // preconditions
    const auto result = f(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
    // postconditions
    return result;
}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

在合适类的构造函数/析构函数中运行前置条件和后置条件,并直接返回值!只要您不需要触摸后期条件中的返回值,这应该不是问题!

struct condition
{
    condition() { /* do pre-condition checks */ }
    ~condition() { /* do post-condition checks */ }
    condition(condition&) = delete;
    void operator= (condition&) = delete;
};
template <typename Functor, typename... Args>
auto Decorate(Functor f, Args&&... args)
    -> decltype(f(std::forward<Args>(args)...)) {
    condition checker;
    return f(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}

答案 1 :(得分:1)

使用sfinae:

#include <type_traits>

template <typename Functor, typename... Args>
auto Decorate(Functor f, Args&&... args)
    -> typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<decltype(f(std::forward<Args>(args)...)), void>::value, void>::type
{
    // preconditions
    f(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
    // postconditions
    return;
}

template <typename Functor, typename... Args>
auto Decorate(Functor f, Args&&... args)
    -> typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<decltype(f(std::forward<Args>(args)...)), void>::value, decltype(f(std::forward<Args>(args)...))>::type
{
    // preconditions
    auto result = f(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
    // postconditions
    return result;
}

试验:

void f(int x) {
    std::cout << "f(" << x << ")" << std::endl;
    return;
}

int g(int x) {
    std::cout << "g(" << x << ")" << std::endl;
    return x * x;
}

int main()
{       
    Decorate(f, 3);
    std::cout << Decorate(g, 3);
    return 0;
}
  

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