如何将字符串列拆分为4个字符串列?

时间:2013-08-21 23:04:23

标签: sql-server-2008 tsql

我有药物的定义栏。我希望将定义分为[product name(PN)][doseform(DF)][total dose(TD)][units]。 例如:

BENADRYL: MYLANTA 1:1 SOLUTION(Benadryl mylanta(PN),Sol(DF),1:1(TD),NULL(units))
MASK AND SPACER (Mark and Spacer(PN),NUll,NUll,NUll)
BL VITAMIN B-6 50 MG  TABS(BL Vitamin(PN),Tabs(DF),50(TD),MG(Units))

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

我对您的数据做了一些假设。 1是第一个开口括号开始定义即。在定义之前,名称中没有括号。我也假设产品定义结构不会改变。

所以,为了得到你的答案,我使用了一个修改过的分裂字符串函数。我用这个作为基础:T-SQL split string

这里的区别是该函数将返回一个2列表,以便我们可以识别定义部分

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.splitstring_custom
  (
   @stringToSplit VARCHAR(MAX)
  )
RETURNS @returnList TABLE
  (
   [Type] [nvarchar](20)
  ,[Name] [nvarchar](500)
  )
AS 
BEGIN

    DECLARE @name NVARCHAR(255)
    DECLARE @pos INT
    DECLARE @colidx INT = 1

    WHILE CHARINDEX(',', @stringToSplit) > 0 
          BEGIN
                SELECT  @pos = CHARINDEX(',', @stringToSplit)  
                SELECT  @name = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, 1, @pos - 1)

                INSERT  INTO @returnList
                        SELECT  CASE WHEN @colidx = 1 THEN 'Product Name'
                                     WHEN @colidx = 2 THEN 'Dose Form'
                                     WHEN @colidx = 3 THEN 'Total Dose'
                                     WHEN @colidx = 4 THEN 'Units'
                                END
                               ,@name

                SELECT  @stringToSplit = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, @pos + 1, LEN(@stringToSplit) - @pos)
                SET @colidx += 1
          END

    INSERT  INTO @returnList
            SELECT  CASE WHEN @colidx = 1 THEN 'Product Name'
                         WHEN @colidx = 2 THEN 'Dose Form'
                         WHEN @colidx = 3 THEN 'Total Dose'
                         WHEN @colidx = 4 THEN 'Units'
                    END
                   ,@stringToSplit

    RETURN
END

然后我们使用一些字符串操作得到定义的相关部分:

SUBSTRING(medication, CHARINDEX('(', medication) + 1, LEN(medication) - (CHARINDEX('(', medication) + 1))

然后PIVOT将结果展平:

DECLARE @t TABLE (id varchar(20), medication varchar(100))

INSERT INTO @t VALUES ('BENADRYL', 'BENADRYL: MYLANTA 1:1 SOLUTION(Benadryl mylanta(PN),Sol(DF),1:1(TD),NULL(units))')
INSERT INTO @t VALUES ('MASK', 'MASK AND SPACER (Mark and Spacer(PN),NULL,NULL,NULL)')
INSERT INTO @t VALUES ('BL VITAMIN', 'BL VITAMIN B-6 50 MG  TABS(BL Vitamin(PN),Tabs(DF),50(TD),MG(Units))')

SELECT  id, [Product Name], [Dose Form], [Total Dose], [Units]
FROM    (SELECT id, Type, Name
         FROM   @t t
         CROSS APPLY dbo.splitstring_custom(SUBSTRING(medication, CHARINDEX('(', medication) + 1, LEN(medication) - (CHARINDEX('(', medication) + 1)))
        ) X PIVOT ( MAX(Name) FOR TYPE IN ([Product Name], [Dose Form], [Total Dose], [Units]) ) pvt