Question

正则表达式不是我最强的套装，我在这种情况下遇到了一些麻烦。

我有以下字符串：

locale (district - town) [parish]

我需要提取以下信息： 1 - 区域设置 2区 3 - 镇

我有这些解决方案：

1 - locale

preg_match("/([^(]*)\s/", $input_line, $output_array);

2 - 区

preg_match("/.*\(([^-]*)\s/", $input_line, $output_array);

3 - 镇

preg_match("/.*\-\s([^)]*)/", $input_line, $output_array);

这些似乎工作得很好。但是，字符串可以像以下任何一样呈现：

localeA(localeB) (district - town) [parish]
locale (district - townA(townB)) [parish]
locale (district - townA-townB) [parish]

Locale还可以包含自己的括号。城镇可以包括括号和/或自己的连字符。

这使得难以提取正确的信息。在上面的3个场景中，我将不得不提取：

localeA（localeB）+ district + town

locale + district + townA（townB）

locale + district + townA-townB

我觉得很难处理所有这些情况。你能救我一下吗？

提前致谢

Answer 1

如果区域设置，区域和城镇中没有空格：

preg_match("/^\s*(\S+)\s*\((\S+)\s*-\s*(\S+)\)/", $input_line, $output_array);

<强>解释

The regular expression:

(?-imsx:^\s*(\S+)\s*\((\S+)\s*-\s*(\S+)\))

matches as follows:

NODE                     EXPLANATION
----------------------------------------------------------------------
(?-imsx:                 group, but do not capture (case-sensitive)
                         (with ^ and $ matching normally) (with . not
                         matching \n) (matching whitespace and #
                         normally):
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  ^                        the beginning of the string
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \s*                      whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ") (0 or
                           more times (matching the most amount
                           possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to \1:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
    \S+                      non-whitespace (all but \n, \r, \t, \f,
                             and " ") (1 or more times (matching the
                             most amount possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of \1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \s*                      whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ") (0 or
                           more times (matching the most amount
                           possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \(                       '('
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to \2:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
    \S+                      non-whitespace (all but \n, \r, \t, \f,
                             and " ") (1 or more times (matching the
                             most amount possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of \2
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \s*                      whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ") (0 or
                           more times (matching the most amount
                           possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  -                        '-'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \s*                      whitespace (\n, \r, \t, \f, and " ") (0 or
                           more times (matching the most amount
                           possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to \3:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
    \S+                      non-whitespace (all but \n, \r, \t, \f,
                             and " ") (1 or more times (matching the
                             most amount possible))
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of \3
----------------------------------------------------------------------
  \)                       ')'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
)                        end of grouping
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Answer 2

不确定您的规则和边缘情况究竟是什么，但这适用于提供的示例

preg_match('#^(.+?) \((.+?) - (.+?)\) \[(.+)\]$#',$str,$matches);

给出这些结果（当为$str中的每个示例字符串运行时）：

Array
(
    [0] => locale (district - town) [parish]
    [1] => locale
    [2] => district
    [3] => town
    [4] => parish
)

Array
(
    [0] => localeA(localeB) (district - town) [parish]
    [1] => localeA(localeB)
    [2] => district
    [3] => town
    [4] => parish
)

Array
(
    [0] => locale (district - townA(townB)) [parish]
    [1] => locale
    [2] => district
    [3] => townA(townB)
    [4] => parish
)

Array
(
    [0] => locale (district - townA-townB) [parish]
    [1] => locale
    [2] => district
    [3] => townA-townB
    [4] => parish
)

从带有括号，括号和连字符的字符串中获取子串

2 个答案: