我试图了解弹簧配置。我读了两篇文章:
这些建议有2个配置文件:“Application Context”和“Web Application Context”。
如果您曾尝试使用Spring MVC框架开发Web应用程序,您知道应该使用两个配置文件:
/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml允许您配置bean,或 表明您的申请的背景。这是哪里的地方 您定义业务逻辑bean,资源和所有其他bean 与网络层没有直接关系的。
/ WEB-INF / [servlet-name] -servlet.xml用于配置Web层 并查看解析器,控制器,验证器和所有其他bean 你需要在MVC框架中。 [servlet-name]指的是名称 在web.xml部署中定义的Spring的调度程序servlet 描述符。
根据这个,我写了我的web.xml如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!-- Application Context -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml,
/WEB-INF/spring-security.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Spring MVC -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- Spring Security -->
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy
</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Fin Spring Security -->
</web-app>
这是我的applicationContext.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd">
<!-- Look in tom cats context -->
<jee:jndi-lookup id="myDataSource" jndi-name="java:comp/env/jdbc/rhcimax"/>
<!-- Hibernate Session Factory -->
<bean id="mySessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource"/>
<property name="packagesToScan">
<array>
<value>com.blah.baseProject</value>
</array>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<value>
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- Hibernate Transaction Manager -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="mySessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- Activates annotation based transaction management -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
这是我的mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
<!-- Enable @Controller annotation support -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />
<!-- Map simple view name such as "test" into /WEB-INF/views/test.jsp -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/view/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- Scan classpath for annotations (eg: @Service, @Repository etc) -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.blah.baseProject"/>
</beans>
我想知道这个配置是否几乎正确。这个配置运行但我觉得没有调用applicationContext.xml,因为我得到了这个异常:
org.hibernate.HibernateException: No Session found for current thread
我的目的是在春季保持良好的实践并学习正确的配置。
&#34;最佳做法是在中间层之间保持清晰的分离 业务逻辑组件和数据访问类等服务 (通常在ApplicationContext中定义)和web- 相关组件,如控制器和视图解析器(即 在每个Dispatcher Servlet的WebApplicationContext中定义。&#34;
答案 0 :(得分:5)
您可以将web.xml上下文参数更改为:
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:META-INF/spring/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
创建任意数量的上下文文件,而不将其导入根上下文
当你有多模块项目并将配置文件放到每个模块时,它非常有用,将它命名为applicationContext-.xml,它将被自动扫描。
最好在mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml中声明mvc组件:拦截器(locale,主题拦截器和您自己的),视图解析器,资源,异常处理程序,模板引擎配置以及与之相关的其他组件视图。
此外,仅为servlet配置中的控制器声明组件扫描非常有用:
MVC-调度-servlet.xml中:
<context:component-scan base-package="by.company.app" use-default-filters="false">
<context:include-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation"/>
</context:component-scan>
在applicationContext中排除@Controller扫描:
的applicationContext.xml:
<context:component-scan base-package="by.company.app">
<context:exclude-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation"/>
</context:component-scan>
这有助于避免重复的bean定义
单独的applicationContexts示例(省略名称空间声明):
的applicationContext.xml:
<beans>
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:META-INF/spring/a-*.properties" />
<task:annotation-driven/>
<context:spring-configured/>
<context:component-scan base-package="by.company.app">
<context:exclude-filter expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" type="annotation"/>
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
的applicationContext-db.xml
<beans>
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://${database.host}:${database.port}/${database.db-path}" />
<property name="driverClassName" value="${database.driverClassName}" />
<property name="username" value="${database.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${database.password}" />
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager" id="transactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven mode="aspectj" transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean" id="entityManagerFactory">
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="persistenceUnit"/>
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter" />
</property>
<property name="jpaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.max_fetch_depth">3</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.jdbc.fetch_size">50</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">10</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.charSet">UTF-8</prop>
<!-- <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> -->
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<jpa:repositories base-package="by.company.app" />
</beans>
答案 1 :(得分:2)
根据我的经验,只要您没有任何具体理由将核心配置与webapp配置分开,最好的方法是将DispatcherServlet
的上下文保持为空并将所有内容放入根应用程序上下文中( applicationContext.xml
等。)
通过这样做,您可以避免许多可能的问题,特别是:
<tx:annotation-driven>
等后处理器应该基于每个上下文声明(这是你的问题)。如果servlet的上下文中没有bean,则不需要在那里复制这些声明<context:component-scan>
会导致重复的bean定义出现严重问题如果您担心单个上下文的可管理性,请记住您仍然可以将其拆分为多个文件,就像您已经做的那样。
请注意,如果DispatcherServlet
从XML文件中读取上下文配置(默认情况下已配置),则仍需要创建具有有效根元素的XML文件。但是,有一个小技巧:如果您将DispatcherServlet
配置为使用基于注释的配置,则默认情况下它将为空,无需任何额外工作:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextClass</param-name>
<param-value>org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>