我需要知道如何计算美国假期。我需要一个适用于任何年份的解决方案。我并不想简单地将日期存储在需要维护的数据库中。
对于周末的假期，它需要遵循美国政府的政策来适应工作日。如果它在星期六下降，则调整为星期五。如果它在星期日，它需要调整到星期一。我知道美国的很多（大多数？）银行也是这样做的。
如何计算美国假期列表？
Public Function getHolidayList(ByVal vYear As Integer) As List(Of Date)
Dim HolidayList As New List(Of Date)
'...fill the list with holidays
' New Year's Day Jan 1
' Martin Luther King, Jr. third Mon in Jan
' Washington's Birthday third Mon in Feb
' Memorial Day last Mon in May
' Independence Day July 4
' Labor Day first Mon in Sept
' Columbus Day second Mon in Oct
' Veterans Day Nov 11
' Thanksgiving Day fourth Thur in Nov
' Christmas Day Dec 25
'adjust for weekends
End Function
答案 0 :(得分：13)
这是一种方法。这种方法的一个弱点是，由于规则是硬编码的，我需要在国会改变规则的罕见事件中更改代码。对于我的内部软件来说，这不是问题，但可能适用于其他人。
此外，由于这不是美国联邦假期，我不能计算复活节。见Nature (1876) Algorithm for Calculating the Date of Easter
Public Function getHolidayList(ByVal vYear As Integer) As List(Of Date)
Dim FirstWeek As Integer = 1
Dim SecondWeek As Integer = 2
Dim ThirdWeek As Integer = 3
Dim FourthWeek As Integer = 4
Dim LastWeek As Integer = 5
Dim HolidayList As New List(Of Date)
' http://www.usa.gov/citizens/holidays.shtml
' http://archive.opm.gov/operating_status_schedules/fedhol/2013.asp
' New Year's Day Jan 1
HolidayList.Add(DateSerial(vYear, 1, 1))
' Martin Luther King, Jr. third Mon in Jan
HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 1, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, ThirdWeek))
' Washington's Birthday third Mon in Feb
HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 2, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, ThirdWeek))
' Memorial Day last Mon in May
HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 5, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, LastWeek))
' Independence Day July 4
HolidayList.Add(DateSerial(vYear, 7, 4))
' Labor Day first Mon in Sept
HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 9, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, FirstWeek))
' Columbus Day second Mon in Oct
HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 10, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, SecondWeek))
' Veterans Day Nov 11
HolidayList.Add(DateSerial(vYear, 11, 11))
' Thanksgiving Day fourth Thur in Nov
HolidayList.Add(GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 11, 1), DayOfWeek.Thursday, FourthWeek))
' Christmas Day Dec 25
HolidayList.Add(DateSerial(vYear, 12, 25))
'saturday holidays are moved to Fri; Sun to Mon
For i As Integer = 0 To HolidayList.Count - 1
Dim dt As Date = HolidayList(i)
If dt.DayOfWeek = DayOfWeek.Saturday Then
HolidayList(i) = dt.AddDays(-1)
End If
If dt.DayOfWeek = DayOfWeek.Sunday Then
HolidayList(i) = dt.AddDays(1)
End If
Next
'return
Return HolidayList
End Function
Private Function GetNthDayOfNthWeek(ByVal dt As Date, ByVal DayofWeek As Integer, ByVal WhichWeek As Integer) As Date
'specify which day of which week of a month and this function will get the date
'this function uses the month and year of the date provided
'get first day of the given date
Dim dtFirst As Date = DateSerial(dt.Year, dt.Month, 1)
'get first DayOfWeek of the month
Dim dtRet As Date = dtFirst.AddDays(6 - dtFirst.AddDays(-(DayofWeek + 1)).DayOfWeek)
'get which week
dtRet = dtRet.AddDays((WhichWeek - 1) * 7)
'if day is past end of month then adjust backwards a week
If dtRet >= dtFirst.AddMonths(1) Then
dtRet = dtRet.AddDays(-7)
End If
'return
Return dtRet
End Function
答案 1 :(得分：8)
转换为C＃作为控制台程序......我需要快速在文本文件中使用日期：
class Program
{
public class Holiday
{
public string HolidayName { get; set; }
public DateTime Date { get; set; }
public Holiday(string holidayName, DateTime date)
{
HolidayName = holidayName;
Date = date;
}
}
public static List<Holiday> getHolidayList(int vYear)
{
int FirstWeek = 1;
int SecondWeek = 2;
int ThirdWeek = 3;
int FourthWeek = 4;
int LastWeek = 5;
List<Holiday> HolidayList = new List<Holiday>();
// http://www.usa.gov/citizens/holidays.shtml
// http://archive.opm.gov/operating_status_schedules/fedhol/2013.asp
// New Year's Day Jan 1
HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("NewYears", new DateTime(vYear, 1, 1)));
// Martin Luther King, Jr. third Mon in Jan
HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("MLK", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 1, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, ThirdWeek)));
// Washington's Birthday third Mon in Feb
HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("WashingtonsBDay", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 2, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, ThirdWeek)));
// Memorial Day last Mon in May
HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("MemorialDay", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 5, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, LastWeek)));
// Independence Day July 4
HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("IndependenceDay", new DateTime(vYear, 7, 4)));
// Labor Day first Mon in Sept
HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("LaborDay", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 9, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, FirstWeek)));
// Columbus Day second Mon in Oct
HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("Columbus", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 10, 1), DayOfWeek.Monday, SecondWeek)));
// Veterans Day Nov 11
HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("Veterans", new DateTime(vYear, 11, 11)));
// Thanksgiving Day fourth Thur in Nov
HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("Thanksgiving", GetNthDayOfNthWeek(new DateTime(vYear, 11, 1), DayOfWeek.Thursday, FourthWeek)));
// Christmas Day Dec 25
HolidayList.Add(new Holiday("Christmas", new DateTime(vYear, 12, 25)));
//saturday holidays are moved to Fri; Sun to Mon
foreach (var holiday in HolidayList)
{
if (holiday.Date.DayOfWeek == DayOfWeek.Saturday)
{
holiday.Date = holiday.Date.AddDays(-1);
}
if (holiday.Date.DayOfWeek == DayOfWeek.Sunday)
{
holiday.Date = holiday.Date.AddDays(1);
}
}
//return
return HolidayList;
}
private static System.DateTime GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateTime dt, DayOfWeek dayofWeek, int WhichWeek)
{
//specify which day of which week of a month and this function will get the date
//this function uses the month and year of the date provided
//get first day of the given date
System.DateTime dtFirst = new DateTime(dt.Year, dt.Month, 1);
//get first DayOfWeek of the month
System.DateTime dtRet = dtFirst.AddDays(6 - (int)dtFirst.AddDays(-1 * ((int)dayofWeek + 1)).DayOfWeek);
//get which week
dtRet = dtRet.AddDays((WhichWeek - 1) * 7);
//if day is past end of month then adjust backwards a week
if (dtRet >= dtFirst.AddMonths(1))
{
dtRet = dtRet.AddDays(-7);
}
//return
return dtRet;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
for(int ii = 2013; ii < 2100; ii++)
{
var holidays = getHolidayList(ii);
foreach (var holiday in holidays)
{
Console.WriteLine(holiday.HolidayName + ": " + holiday.Date.ToShortDateString());
}
}
}
}
答案 2 :(得分：2)
他的税收日（4月15日）版本也不适用于华盛顿特区的解放日，尽管这可能与此问题无关。
答案 3 :(得分：2)
这里是我在C＃中编写的一些代码。每个假期都表示为Holiday的一个实例。要获得联邦政府的遵守日期，只需调用该对象的FederalObservance方法即可。 但请注意，只有一个假期是实际假期;我刚刚创建了两个假期作为例子。
public static void Main (string[] args)
{
Holiday SatHoliday = new Holiday ("Satman", 2015, 11, 20);
Holiday Thanksgiving = new Holiday ("Thanksgiving", 2015, 11, 3, DayOfWeek.Thursday);
Holiday[] holidays = new Holiday[] { SatHoliday, Thanksgiving };
}
}
class Holiday
{
public DateTime hDate;
public String name;
public Holiday(String name, int year, int month, int day)
{
this.name = name;
this.hDate = new DateTime (year, month, day);
}
public Holiday(String name, int year, int month, int weekNum/* Weeks are numbered starting with 0. So, the first week would be 0, the second week 1, etc.*/, DayOfWeek dayOfWeek)
{
this.name = name;
DateTime firstOfMonth = new DateTime (year, month, 1);
this.hDate = firstOfMonth.AddDays (7 * weekNum + (int)dayOfWeek - (int)firstOfMonth.DayOfWeek);
}
public DateTime FederalObservance()
{
if (hDate.DayOfWeek == DayOfWeek.Saturday) {
return hDate.AddDays (-1);
} else if (hDate.DayOfWeek == DayOfWeek.Sunday) {
return hDate.AddDays (1);
} else {
return hDate;
}
}
}
答案 4 :(得分：2)
供参考，联邦假日列表在5 U.S. Code § 6103. Holidays中定义：
对于正常的周一至周五的工作人员，将在前一个星期五观察到星期六休假。我在其他地方读过，星期日将在下个星期一放假。
答案 5 :(得分：1)
非常感谢您的回答D_Bester。我试图在VBA for Excel中执行此操作。
我将您的VB代码转换为Excel的VBA。我以为可以将我的代码发布在这里，以供其他可能尝试该语言的人使用。
Sub displayHolidays()
Dim myHolidayList As New Collection
Set myHolidayList = GetHolidayList(2005)
For x = 1 To (myHolidayList.Count)
Debug.Print myHolidayList(x)
Next
End Sub
Function GetHolidayList(ByVal vYear As Integer) As Collection
Const FirstWeek As Integer = 1
Const SecondWeek As Integer = 2
Const ThirdWeek As Integer = 3
Const FourthWeek As Integer = 4
Const LastWeek As Integer = 5
Const DayofWeek_Monday As Integer = 2
Const DayofWeek_Thursday As Integer = 5
Const DayofWeek_Saturday As Integer = 7
Const DayofWeek_Sunday As Integer = 1
Dim holidayList As New Collection
Dim finalHolidayList As New Collection
' http://www.usa.gov/citizens/holidays.shtml
' http://archive.opm.gov/operating_status_schedules/fedhol/2013.asp
' New Year's Day Jan 1
holidayList.Add (DateSerial(vYear, 1, 1))
' Martin Luther King, Jr. third Mon in Jan
holidayList.Add (GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 1, 1), DayofWeek_Monday, ThirdWeek))
' Washington's Birthday third Mon in Feb
holidayList.Add (GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 2, 1), DayofWeek_Monday, ThirdWeek))
' Memorial Day last Mon in May
holidayList.Add (GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 5, 1), DayofWeek_Monday, LastWeek))
' Independence Day July 4
holidayList.Add (DateSerial(vYear, 7, 4))
' Labor Day first Mon in Sept
holidayList.Add (GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 9, 1), DayofWeek_Monday, FirstWeek))
' Columbus Day second Mon in Oct
holidayList.Add (GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 10, 1), DayofWeek_Monday, SecondWeek))
' Veterans Day Nov 11
holidayList.Add (DateSerial(vYear, 11, 11))
' Thanksgiving Day fourth Thur in Nov
holidayList.Add (GetNthDayOfNthWeek(DateSerial(vYear, 11, 1), DayofWeek_Thursday, FourthWeek))
' Christmas Day Dec 25
holidayList.Add (DateSerial(vYear, 12, 25))
'saturday holidays are moved to Fri; Sun to Mon
For Each dt In holidayList
If Weekday(dt) = DayofWeek_Saturday Then
dt = DateAdd("d", -1, dt)
End If
If Weekday(dt) = DayofWeek_Sunday Then
dt = DateAdd("d", 1, dt)
End If
finalHolidayList.Add dt
Next dt
'return
Set GetHolidayList = finalHolidayList
End Function
Function GetNthDayOfNthWeek(ByVal dt As Date, ByVal DayofWeek As Integer, ByVal WhichWeek As Integer) As Date
'specify which day of which week of a month and this function will get the date
'this function uses the month and year of the date provided
Dim dtFirst As Date
Dim innerDate As Date
Dim monthAdd As Date
'get first day of the given date
dtFirst = DateSerial(Year(dt), Month(dt), 1)
'get first DayOfWeek of the month
innerDate = DateAdd("d", -DayofWeek, dtFirst)
GetNthDayOfNthWeek = DateAdd("d", (7 - Weekday(innerDate)), dtFirst)
'get which week
GetNthDayOfNthWeek = DateAdd("d", ((WhichWeek - 1) * 7), GetNthDayOfNthWeek)
'if day is past end of month then adjust backwards a week
monthAdd = DateAdd("m", 1, dtFirst)
If GetNthDayOfNthWeek >= monthAdd Then
GetNthDayOfNthWeek = DateAdd("d", (-7), GetNthDayOfNthWeek)
End If
End Function
答案 6 :(得分：0)
Nager.Date支持美国的公共假期，github提供了完整的源代码。许多其他国家都受到支持。
<强>的NuGet
PM> install-package Nager.Date
示例：
获取一年的所有publicHolidays
var publicHolidays = DateSystem.GetPublicHoliday("US", 2017);
检查公共假日的日期
if (DateSystem.IsPublicHoliday(date, "US"))
{
//logic
}
答案 7 :(得分：0)
这是使用Lync的C＃解决方案。我没有看到使用这种方法的任何其他答案。我将该月的所有日期都放入DateTime类型的List中，然后使用Lync来准确选择我想要的内容。是的，这需要更多的时间/内存，但如果这不是最关键的优先级，那么看看它读起来有多容易......
/// <summary>
/// Find the Nth day of the month that matches the given dayOfWeek
/// </summary>
/// <param name="year">The year</param>
/// <param name="month">The month number 1 - 12</param>
/// <param name="dayOfWeek">The day of the week</param>
/// <param name="occurance">Take the Nth day found</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DateTime GetNthDayOfMonth(int year, int month, DayOfWeek dayOfWeek, int occurance)
{
return GetDaysInMonth(year, month).Where(d => d.DayOfWeek == dayOfWeek).Skip(occurance - 1).FirstOrDefault();
}
/// <summary>
/// Find the Nth last day of the month that matches the given dayOfWeek
/// </summary>
/// <param name="year">The year</param>
/// <param name="month">The month number 1 - 12</param>
/// <param name="dayOfWeek">The day of the week</param>
/// <param name="occurance">Take the Nth day found</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DateTime GetNthLastDayOfMonth(int year, int month, DayOfWeek dayOfWeek, int occurance)
{
return GetDaysInMonth(year, month).Where(d => d.DayOfWeek == dayOfWeek).Reverse().Skip(occurance - 1).FirstOrDefault();
}
/// <summary>
/// Put all dates of the month into a list that lync can work with
/// </summary>
/// <param name="year">The year</param>
/// <param name="month">The month number 1 - 12</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static List<DateTime> GetDaysInMonth(int year, int month)
{
List<DateTime> days = new List<DateTime>();
var d = new DateTime(year, month, 1);
while(d.Month == month)
{
days.Add(d);
d = d.AddDays(1);
}
return days;
}