我想在伪分布式模式下设置一个hadoop-cluster进行开发。由于端口9000上的拒绝连接，尝试启动hadoop集群失败。
这些是我的配置（非常标准）：
网站-core.xml：
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.default.name</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>~/hacking/hd-data/tmp</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.checkpoint.dir</name>
<value>~/hacking/hd-data/snn</value>
</property>
</configuration>
HDFS-site.xml中
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.name.dir</name>
<value>~/hacking/hd-data/nn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.data.dir</name>
<value>~/hacking/hd-data/dn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.permissions.supergroup</name>
<value>hadoop</value>
</property>
</configuration>
haddop-env.sh - 这里我只将配置更改为IPv4模式（参见最后一行）：
# Set Hadoop-specific environment variables here.
# The only required environment variable is JAVA_HOME. All others are
# optional. When running a distributed configuration it is best to
# set JAVA_HOME in this file, so that it is correctly defined on
# remote nodes.
# The java implementation to use. Required.
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64
# Extra Java CLASSPATH elements. Optional.
# export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=
# The maximum amount of heap to use, in MB. Default is 1000.
# export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE=2000
# Extra Java runtime options. Empty by default.
# export HADOOP_OPTS=-server
# Command specific options appended to HADOOP_OPTS when specified
export HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote $HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote $HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote $HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_BALANCER_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote $HADOOP_BALANCER_OPTS"
export HADOOP_JOBTRACKER_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote $HADOOP_JOBTRACKER_OPTS"
# export HADOOP_TASKTRACKER_OPTS=
# The following applies to multiple commands (fs, dfs, fsck, distcp etc)
# export HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS
# Extra ssh options. Empty by default.
# export HADOOP_SSH_OPTS="-o ConnectTimeout=1 -o SendEnv=HADOOP_CONF_DIR"
# Where log files are stored. $HADOOP_HOME/logs by default.
# export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/logs
# File naming remote slave hosts. $HADOOP_HOME/conf/slaves by default.
# export HADOOP_SLAVES=${HADOOP_HOME}/conf/slaves
# host:path where hadoop code should be rsync'd from. Unset by default.
# export HADOOP_MASTER=master:/home/$USER/src/hadoop
# Seconds to sleep between slave commands. Unset by default. This
# can be useful in large clusters, where, e.g., slave rsyncs can
# otherwise arrive faster than the master can service them.
# export HADOOP_SLAVE_SLEEP=0.1
# The directory where pid files are stored. /tmp by default.
# export HADOOP_PID_DIR=/var/hadoop/pids
# A string representing this instance of hadoop. $USER by default.
# export HADOOP_IDENT_STRING=$USER
# The scheduling priority for daemon processes. See 'man nice'.
# export HADOOP_NICENESS=10
# Disabling IPv6 for HADOOP
export HADOOP_OPTS=-Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true
的/ etc /主机：
127.0.0.1 localhost zaphod
# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
但是在调用./start-dfs.sh之后的行开始后，日志文件中包含以下行：
Hadoop的pschmidt-数据节点-zaphod.log
2013-08-19 21:21:59,430 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode: STARTUP_MSG:
/************************************************************
STARTUP_MSG: Starting DataNode
STARTUP_MSG: host = zaphod/127.0.1.1
STARTUP_MSG: args = []
STARTUP_MSG: version = 0.20.204.0
STARTUP_MSG: build = git://hrt8n35.cc1.ygridcore.net/ on branch branch-0.20-security-204 -r 65e258bf0813ac2b15bb4c954660eaf9e8fba141; compiled by 'hortonow' on Thu Aug 25 23:25:52 UTC 2011
************************************************************/
2013-08-19 21:22:03,950 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsConfig: loaded properties from hadoop-metrics2.properties
2013-08-19 21:22:04,052 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSourceAdapter: MBean for source MetricsSystem,sub=Stats registered.
2013-08-19 21:22:04,064 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSystemImpl: Scheduled snapshot period at 10 second(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:04,065 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSystemImpl: DataNode metrics system started
2013-08-19 21:22:07,054 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSourceAdapter: MBean for source ugi registered.
2013-08-19 21:22:07,060 WARN org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSystemImpl: Source name ugi already exists!
2013-08-19 21:22:08,709 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: localhost/127.0.0.1:9000. Already tried 0 time(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:09,710 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: localhost/127.0.0.1:9000. Already tried 1 time(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:10,711 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: localhost/127.0.0.1:9000. Already tried 2 time(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:11,712 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: localhost/127.0.0.1:9000. Already tried 3 time(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:12,712 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: localhost/127.0.0.1:9000. Already tried 4 time(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:13,713 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: localhost/127.0.0.1:9000. Already tried 5 time(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:14,714 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: localhost/127.0.0.1:9000. Already tried 6 time(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:15,714 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: localhost/127.0.0.1:9000. Already tried 7 time(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:16,715 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: localhost/127.0.0.1:9000. Already tried 8 time(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:17,716 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: localhost/127.0.0.1:9000. Already tried 9 time(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:17,717 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC: Server at localhost/127.0.0.1:9000 not available yet, Zzzzz...
Hadoop的pschmidt-名称节点-zaphod.log
2013-08-19 21:21:59,443 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:
/************************************************************
STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode
STARTUP_MSG: host = zaphod/127.0.1.1
STARTUP_MSG: args = []
STARTUP_MSG: version = 0.20.204.0
STARTUP_MSG: build = git://hrt8n35.cc1.ygridcore.net/ on branch branch-0.20-security-204 -r 65e258bf0813ac2b15bb4c954660eaf9e8fba141; compiled by 'hortonow' on Thu Aug 25 23:25:52 UTC 2011
************************************************************/
2013-08-19 21:22:03,950 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsConfig: loaded properties from hadoop-metrics2.properties
2013-08-19 21:22:04,052 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSourceAdapter: MBean for source MetricsSystem,sub=Stats registered.
2013-08-19 21:22:04,064 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSystemImpl: Scheduled snapshot period at 10 second(s).
2013-08-19 21:22:04,064 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSystemImpl: NameNode metrics system started
2013-08-19 21:22:06,050 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSourceAdapter: MBean for source ugi registered.
2013-08-19 21:22:06,056 WARN org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSystemImpl: Source name ugi already exists!
2013-08-19 21:22:06,095 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSourceAdapter: MBean for source jvm registered.
2013-08-19 21:22:06,097 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSourceAdapter: MBean for source NameNode registered.
2013-08-19 21:22:06,232 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit
2013-08-19 21:22:06,234 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.util.GSet: 2% max memory = 17.77875 MB
2013-08-19 21:22:06,235 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.util.GSet: capacity = 2^21 = 2097152 entries
2013-08-19 21:22:06,235 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.util.GSet: recommended=2097152, actual=2097152
2013-08-19 21:22:06,748 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner=pschmidt
2013-08-19 21:22:06,748 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup=hadoop
2013-08-19 21:22:06,748 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled=true
2013-08-19 21:22:06,754 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.block.invalidate.limit=100
2013-08-19 21:22:06,768 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: isAccessTokenEnabled=false accessKeyUpdateInterval=0 min(s), accessTokenLifetime=0 min(s)
2013-08-19 21:22:07,262 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: Registered FSNamesystemStateMBean and NameNodeMXBean
2013-08-19 21:22:07,322 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode: Caching file names occuring more than 10 times
2013-08-19 21:22:07,326 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.Storage: Storage directory /home/pschmidt/hacking/hadoop-0.20.204.0/~/hacking/hd-data/nn does not exist.
2013-08-19 21:22:07,329 ERROR org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: FSNamesystem initialization failed.
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.InconsistentFSStateException: Directory /home/pschmidt/hacking/hadoop-0.20.204.0/~/hacking/hd-data/nn is in an inconsistent state: storage directory does not exist or is not accessible.
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage.recoverTransitionRead(FSImage.java:291)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.loadFSImage(FSDirectory.java:97)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.initialize(FSNamesystem.java:379)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.<init>(FSNamesystem.java:353)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.initialize(NameNode.java:254)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.<init>(NameNode.java:434)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.createNameNode(NameNode.java:1153)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.main(NameNode.java:1162)
2013-08-19 21:22:07,331 ERROR org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode: org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.InconsistentFSStateException: Directory /home/pschmidt/hacking/hadoop-0.20.204.0/~/hacking/hd-data/nn is in an inconsistent state: storage directory does not exist or is not accessible.
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage.recoverTransitionRead(FSImage.java:291)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.loadFSImage(FSDirectory.java:97)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.initialize(FSNamesystem.java:379)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.<init>(FSNamesystem.java:353)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.initialize(NameNode.java:254)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.<init>(NameNode.java:434)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.createNameNode(NameNode.java:1153)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.main(NameNode.java:1162)
2013-08-19 21:22:07,332 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:
/************************************************************
SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at zaphod/127.0.1.1
************************************************************/
重新格式化hdfs后显示以下输出：
13/08/19 21:50:21 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:
/************************************************************
STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode
STARTUP_MSG: host = zaphod/127.0.0.1
STARTUP_MSG: args = [-format]
STARTUP_MSG: version = 0.20.204.0
STARTUP_MSG: build = git://hrt8n35.cc1.ygridcore.net/ on branch branch-0.20-security-204 -r 65e258bf0813ac2b15bb4c954660eaf9e8fba141; compiled by 'hortonow' on Thu Aug 25 23:25:52 UTC 2011
************************************************************/
Re-format filesystem in ~/hacking/hd-data/nn ? (Y or N) Y
13/08/19 21:50:26 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit
13/08/19 21:50:26 INFO util.GSet: 2% max memory = 17.77875 MB
13/08/19 21:50:26 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^21 = 2097152 entries
13/08/19 21:50:26 INFO util.GSet: recommended=2097152, actual=2097152
13/08/19 21:50:27 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner=pschmidt
13/08/19 21:50:27 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup=hadoop
13/08/19 21:50:27 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled=true
13/08/19 21:50:27 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.block.invalidate.limit=100
13/08/19 21:50:27 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isAccessTokenEnabled=false accessKeyUpdateInterval=0 min(s), accessTokenLifetime=0 min(s)
13/08/19 21:50:27 INFO namenode.NameNode: Caching file names occuring more than 10 times
13/08/19 21:50:27 INFO common.Storage: Image file of size 110 saved in 0 seconds.
13/08/19 21:50:28 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory ~/hacking/hd-data/nn has been successfully formatted.
13/08/19 21:50:28 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:
/************************************************************
SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at zaphod/127.0.0.1
************************************************************/
使用netstat -lpten | grep java：
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:50301 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1000 50995 9875/java
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:35471 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1000 51775 9639/java
tcp6 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 1000 20841 2659/java
tcp6 0 0 :::36743 :::* LISTEN 1000 20524 2659/java
使用netstat -lpten | grep 9000返回任何内容，假设毕竟没有应用程序绑定到此指定端口。
我还能找到什么来让我的hdfs运行起来。不要犹豫，要求提供更多日志和配置文件。
提前致谢。
答案 0 :(得分：11)
为此使用绝对路径，并确保hadoop用户有权访问此目录： -
<property>
<name>dfs.data.dir</name>
<value>~/hacking/hd-data/dn</value>
</property>
还要确保将此路径格式化为
# hadoop namenode -format
答案 1 :(得分：1)
简短而甜蜜的回答是您的节点服务未运行。只需做
$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hdfs
答案 2 :(得分：0)
您必须执行以下步骤：
hdfs namenode -format
start-all.cmd
答案 3 :(得分：0)
从以下位置修改core-sit.xml
hdfs://localhost:9000
到
hdfs:// YOUR REAL MASTER IP ADDRESS:9000
例如
hdfs://192.168.111.10:9000
为我工作！
答案 4 :(得分：-1)
尝试命令。
telnet localhost 9000
如果telnet命令返回拒绝连接，则 通过以下方式开始hadoop：
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-dfs.sh
然后再次运行telnet，您可以看到连接已建立